Operational idealism: doctrine development of the Chinese People’s Liberation Army under Soviet threat, 1969–1989

This article analyses the doctrine development of the People’s Liberation Army (PLA) coping with the Soviet military threat between 1969 and 1989. In the 1970s, the PLA applied a doctrine of ‘active defence and luring the enemy into depth’ based on its traditional operational art. In 1980, the PLA decided to focus its doctrine on positional defence. In 1986, the PLA introduced ‘integrated operations and prioritised strike’, a generalised doctrine that originated from its war history. Many organisational and intellectual challenges in peacetime doctrine development contributed to the PLA’s operational idealism, including its aging leadership, command structure, attitude towards its previous experience, limited analysis of contemporary military developments, and failure in test and validation of doctrines. In the post-Cold War decade, many of these challenges persisted in spite of military modernization efforts. The ongoing military reform has to address these challenges and improve the PLA doctrine development in peacetime.     

Subcontracting State-Building

Abstract

Contemporary development assistance often takes the form of subcontracted state-building. Foreign donors hire for-profit firms to provide services and to improve or create institutions in developing countries, particularly those experiencing internal conflict. This arrangement creates two counterproductive dynamics: first, it introduces agency problems between donors, recipient states, subcontractors, and citizens; and second, it undermines the long-run development of domestic bureaucratic capacity by creating disincentives for the host government to invest. These dynamics hinder, rather than foster, the legitimacy of state institutions. This paper summarizes trends in external support to state-building since the 1970s and illustrates subcontracted state-building with examples from Colombia.     

采用向量内积的并行相关算法

针对软件接收机相关器计算的实时性问题,通过分析扩频信号的接收过程,建立一种基于向量内积的并行相关信号接收模型。利用图形处理单元中大量的浮点运算单元进行矩阵与向量运算,并行计算各通道相关值,提高了信号相关运算的实时性。仿真验证结果表明,利用基于GPU的向量内积软件并行相关算法计算25 MHz采样率时长1 ms的信号相关值,25个通道共150个相关运算耗时967μs,与CPU上基于数学核心函数库的实现相比速度约提高了61.4倍,能够实现宽带扩频信号软件实时相关接收。     

Educate or Adjudicate? Socioeconomic Heterogeneity and Welfare

I present a formal framework to explore the welfare and distributional effects of a government’s optimal choice over two types of public spending in a closed economy: domestic security (DS) and investment in social capital (SC). Production is characterized as a function of social and physical capital stocks that both vary across the regions. DS stands for total factor productivity, while SC stands for human capital and civic cooperativeness combined. SC accumulates via public spending on universal primary education, cultural, and civic events and such, and is exposed to regional spillover effects. Numerical simulations of the static solution of the government’s welfare maximization problem reveal that the optimal rate of spending on SC (m^*) is negatively related with the income share of physical capital, SC spillovers and fiscal decentralization. Simulations also show that SC homogeneity is positively associated with both the level and equitability of aggregate income. The maximum attainable levels of income, welfare and social cohesion and the most equitable incomes are all observed to realize at some intermediate range of m^* values. In case DS augments SC, however, social cohesion improves and welfare declines monotonously in m^*.     

面向应急管理计算实验的模型构建和模型管理

基于人工社会的计算实验使应急管理的定量分析与研究成为可能。然而,应急管理模型涉及多个学科与领域,具有多层次、非线性和多粒度等特点,需要一套规范的流程来指导人工社会的模型建立和模型管理。论文梳理了面向应急管理的模型体系,提出了基于领域特定建模的人工社会建模方法,解决了多领域建模问题;研究了模型的形式化描述与编码问题,并实现了模型的有效管理;结合"甲型H1N1"病程模型,详细论述了模型的构建方法与管理问题,为面向应急管理的计算实验提供一体化的模型服务。     

防火门生产应用中的突出问题与改进对策

防火门关键材料、安装、使用中存在的问题,会对防火门的使用功能、人员疏散等产生诸多不利影响。就防火门关键材料中填充材料的性能、木质板材的阻燃、五金和防火玻璃的使用不当等问题进行了综述,并提出了相应改进对策;对安装过程中的校验、规范、细节、辅料的使用等问题提出了具体改进措施;指出了用户在使用中存在的突出问题,并提出解决方案。     

大学章程建设促进高校内涵式发展的思考

大学章程是大学依法自主办学、实施管理和履行公共职能的基本准则,制定高质量的大学章程对于促进高等教育内涵式发展具有十分重要的意义.阐释大学章程的内涵及其对高校内涵式发展的促进作用,分析大学章程建设与高校内涵式发展的有机联系,指出高校制定大学章程应注意的问题.     

图书馆发展趋势的探讨

网络的发展和普及给人们带来了空前丰富的信息资源,这既满足了用户对信息的广泛需求,同时也对图书馆提出了更高的要求。从机、活、专三个方面分析探讨了图书馆未来的发展趋势,希望能给图书馆的发展提供参考意见。     

中段智能机动突防后的虚拟目标修正研究

为实现弹头中段机动后的显式制导,进行了虚拟目标修正研究。通过在建立最大弹道包络面的基础上,提出基于穿越弹道横截面的虚拟目标修正方法,基于弹道包络横截面的大机动弹道虚拟目标计算方法,建立虚拟目标计算模型。通过仿真获得了大机动弹道对应的虚拟目标,通过显式制导方法验证了其具有较好的制导精度,此方法为工程应用和理论研究提供了重要的理论参考。     

对新形势下新疆高校跨越式发展的思考

党的十八届三中全会指出要深化教育领域综合改革,健全促进就业创业体制机制:提出"三个进一步解放",即进一步解放思想、进一步解放和发展生产力、进一步解放和增强社会活力。这一新形势下,为确保社会和谐稳定、推进区域发展和教育公平,实现新疆高校跨越式发展显得尤为重要。本文对此形势下实现这一目标进行探讨。