NATO BENEFITS,BURDENS AND BORDERS: COMMENT

This note refutes criticism raised by Solomon about past tests used to ascertain the concordance between NATO benefits and burdens. In so doing, a case is made for keeping the benefit proxy based on exposed borders. Moreover, a truer sensitivity analysis than that offered by Solomon is suggested.     

SLOWING DOWN TO KEEP THE LEAD IN MILITARY TECHNOLOGY

We develop a model of military technology competition among states. States can choose to introduce new military technology, mimic rivals’ level of technology, or withdraw from the contest. States can choose to implement any level of technology within their current feasible technologies. We find that states with significant technological leads should sometimes withhold new technologies, only strategically releasing them to trump rivals’ efforts. We develop the model by refining Admiral Jackie Fisher’s roughly articulated concept of ‘plunging’. We then use this refined argument to reanalyze the case of naval rivalries among European powers between the Crimean War and the First World War. Finally, we conclude by discussing the model’s implications for current US military force structure planning.     

CONSOLIDATING DEMOCRATIC CIVIL-MILITARY RELATIONS

Children have special protection under the South African constitution, including the right to safety, health and an environment conducive to their wellbeing and optimal development. Yet, firearms contribute significantly to the high incidence of deaths and injuries among South African children and in young males in their late teens. This case study is about the participation of the Child Health Policy Institute (CHPI) in a law reform process ultimately aimed at reducing firearm injuries and deaths in the country by exercising stricter gun control through legislation and other reforms. This feature briefly describes the political context in which the project was initiated, the research on firearm injuries and deaths in children conducted by the CHPI, and the dissemination of the research findings. The role of the CHPI as an academic institution within the Gun Control Alliance is also examined as are the lessons learnt in trying the bridge the gap between research and law reform.     

MICRO-DISARMAMENT IN WEST AFRICA

This article explores the proliferation of illicit small arms and light weapons in the West African sub-region and efforts by the regional Economic Community of West African States (ECOWAS) to deal with the problem through the ECOWAS Declaration of a Moratorium on the Importation, Exportation and Manufacture of Small Arms and Light Weapons in West Africa. The paper analyses the degree of compliance with the Moratorium by four ECOWAS member states, namely, Ghana, Nigeria, Sierra Leone and Mali.     

Comprehensive approaches,diverse coherences: the different levels of policy coherence in the Dutch 3D approach in Afghanistan

Since 2000, international organisations such as the UN, NATO and the EU, but also countries, have started to apply what has been called the comprehensive approach to crisis management. This article unpacks this comprehensive approach implemented by the Dutch in Uruzgan province, Afghanistan. It first borrows and expands a conceptual framework developed by De Coning and Friis. Subsequently, it maps the different sorts of coherence in the mission by applying the framework. It shows how in practice there was not one single comprehensive approach, but many different forms of interaction between a number of organisational units. Each interaction had its own distinct issues and its own level of coherence. The level of coherence differed depending on the level at which the interaction took place – strategic at headquarters level versus operational at field level – and at what point in the mission it happened – in most cases it moved towards more cohesion.     

卫星导航接收机鉴相器有限字长效应研究

卫星导航接收机跟踪信号的能力取决于锁相环的跟踪精度,相位鉴别器在锁相环设计中具有重要地位。针对点积鉴相器和二象限反正切鉴相器在输入信号有限字长效应下,对鉴相器性能的影响问题,建立了鉴相器有限字长误差模型。通过理论推导输入信号的统计特性,计算得到鉴相器输入信号均值和方差表达式,并分析了有限字长对鉴相器的均值和方差、收敛区间和鉴别增益的影响情况。由理论和仿真验证,得出了鉴相器在输入信号有效位数3比特以上时,对环路跟踪精度没有影响的结论。     

内进化演化硬件平台的设计与实现

在讨论内进化演化硬件运行机制的基础上,详细介绍了基于虚拟可重构电路(VRC)的演化硬件平台的实现方法及演化平台的组成,描述了可重配置功能块(CFB)组成的阵列及CFB之间通过多路选择开关电路建立信号传输通道。在此基础上进行了1位全加器的演化,证明了这种方法的有效性。     

Joint pricing,assortment, and inventory decisions for a retailer's product line

Consider a set of product variants that are differentiated by some secondary attributes such as flavor, color, or size. The retailer's problem is to jointly determine the set of variants to include in her product line (“assortment”), together with their prices and inventory levels, so as to maximize her expected profit. We model the consumer choice process using a multinomial logit choice model and consider a newsvendor type inventory setting. We derive the structure of the optimal assortment for some important special cases, including the case of horizontally differentiated items, and propose a dominance relationship for the general case that simplifies the search for an optimal assortment. We also discuss structural properties of the optimal prices. Finally, motivated by our analytical results, we propose a heuristic solution procedure, which is shown to be quite effective through a numerical study. © 2007 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Naval Research Logistics, 2007     

社会转型与人的主体性建构的互动研究

社会转型是指一种社会类型向另一种社会类型的过渡过程。主体性是主体的本质特征,是主体在对象性活动中形成和表现出来的特性。从唯物史观看,二者是辩证统一的。这种辩证统一性为我国现阶段实现社会与人的和谐发展提供了理论依据。     

建筑防火课程实施素质教育的实践与探索

《建筑防火》课程实施素质教育应从强化师资队伍、优化教学内容、改革教学方法、强化实践环节、开拓科技创新等几个方面进行总结。立足素质教育,优化课堂教学是一项长期而艰巨的任务,它需要不断地实践、探索、总结和提高。工科课程素质教育应该培养学生分析问题和解决实际问题的能力及创新能力,满足部队的第一任职需要。