长管水击最大水击压强的解析

从管道水击微分方程的特征分析入手,提出了水击特征方程的黎曼不变量和网格分析解,建立了管道水击问题的近似解析解,给出了长管水击最大水击压强的计算表达式。通过实际算例对解析解和数值解结果进行了比较。对水击微分方程的重力项也进行了讨论。     

外军野营供水装备的特点及对我军的启示

分析总结了外军野营净水装备的系列化、高技术化、野战化等特点,提出了我军应从水源、供水规模和使用气候条件等方面成系列研制净水装备,并用高新技术对供水安全、降低能耗等关键技术进行攻关研究,以适应现代战争需要。     

槽头式野战管线水击波速测量研究

液体管道的水击波速受流体压力、温度、分子结构、含气量及管线几何尺寸、管材等因素的影响,准确地确定管线的水击波速是一个相当困难的问题,通过实验测量水击波速是一个常用方法。管线水击波速的常用测量方法有波前法和周期法。综合运用波前法和周期法,设计了实验测量野战管线的水击波速,并将实验结果与笔者先前提出的水击波速计算公式的计算结果作了对比,验证了公式的有效性。     

The impact of exponential smoothing forecasts on the bullwhip effect

An important phenomenon often observed in supply chain management, known as the bullwhip effect, implies that demand variability increases as one moves up the supply chain, i.e., as one moves away from customer demand. In this paper we quantify this effect for simple, two‐stage, supply chains consisting of a single retailer and a single manufacturer. We demonstrate that the use of an exponential smoothing forecast by the retailer can cause the bullwhip effect and contrast these results with the increase in variability due to the use of a moving average forecast. We consider two types of demand processes, a correlated demand process and a demand process with a linear trend. We then discuss several important managerial insights that can be drawn from this research. © 2000 John Wiley & Sons, Inc. Naval Research Logistics 47: 269–286, 2000     

建筑消防给水设计中几个问题探讨

本文讨论了建筑消防给水系统在日常管理、防火检查中存在的问题,提出在消防给水设计中应采取的措施。     

Excess procurement strategies by a dominant buyer under constrained supply

Supply chains are often characterized by the presence of a dominant buyer purchasing from a supplier with limited capacity. We study such a situation where a single supplier sells capacity to an established and more powerful buyer and also to a relatively less powerful buyer. The more powerful buyer enjoys the first right to book her capacity requirements at supplier's end, and then the common supplier fulfills the requirement of the less powerful buyer. We find that when the supplier's capacity is either too low (below the lower threshold) or too high (above the higher threshold), there is no excess procurement as compared to the case when supplier has infinite capacity. When the supplier's capacity is between these two thresholds, the more powerful buyer purchases an excess amount in comparison to the infinite capacity case.     

Stochastic production capacity: A bane or a boon for quick response supply chains?

The quick response (QR) system that can cope with demand volatility by shortening lead time has been well studied in the literature. Much of the existing literature assumes implicitly or explicitly that the manufacturers under QR can always meet the demand because the production capacity is always sufficient. However, when the order comes with a short lead time under QR, availability of the manufacturer's production capacity is not guaranteed. This motivates us to explore QR in supply chains with stochastic production capacity. Specifically, we study QR in a two-echelon supply chain with Bayesian demand information updating. We consider the situation where the manufacturer's production capacity under QR is uncertain. We first explore how stochastic production capacity affects supply chain decisions and QR implementation. We then incorporate the manufacturer's ability to expand capacity into the model. We explore how the manufacturer determines the optimal capacity expansion decision, and the value of such an ability to the supply chain and its agents. Finally, we extend the model to the two-stage two-ordering case and derive the optimal ordering policy by dynamic programming. We compare the single-ordering and two-ordering cases to generate additional managerial insights about how ordering flexibility affects QR when production capacity is stochastic. We also explore the transparent supply chain and find that our main results still hold.     

Data-driven research in retail operations—A review

We review the operations research/management science literature on data-driven methods in retail operations. This line of work has grown rapidly in recent years, thanks to the availability of high-quality data, improvements in computing hardware, and parallel developments in machine learning methodologies. We survey state-of-the-art studies in three core aspects of retail operations—assortment optimization, order fulfillment, and inventory management. We then conclude the paper by pointing out some interesting future research possibilities for our community.     

收缩管道装置层流热边界层理论及应用研究

研究了收缩管道装置层流热边界层理论及其应用。对于速度边界层提出了相似性解的解析结果,给出了速度分布、边界层厚度、摩擦阻力和水头损失的解析计算表达式。对于温度边界层利用管道热边界层方程,推出了温度分布、温度边界层厚度和热流量的计算关系式,并给出了设计应用实例。     

复杂作战任务弹药配备模型

多阶段任务系统(PMS)是一种典型的复杂系统,它包括多个在时间上连续且无相互重叠的基本任务,武器系统的作战过程多数属于这种复杂系统.以某作战单元的一次作战任务流程为例,详细地讨论了多阶段复杂任务系统的特点,并从基本任务阶段的系统可信性、可用度的角度出发,分析了在满足给定火力指标的前提下,建立整个复杂作战任务流程中弹药配备模型的方法.