天波超视距雷达路径传播损耗仿真计算与分析

为研究天波超视距雷达路径传播损耗规律特性,针对天波超视距雷达电波传播特点,利用现有理论成果,建立了路径传播损耗的计算机仿真模型,设计了一种简洁的路径传播损耗仿真计算流程,仿真分析了各种因素对路径传播损耗的影响,得出了降低路径传播损耗的有效措施,为天波雷达的作战使用提供了理论依据.     

无线冲击波超压测试系统研究

对比了6种不同弹种的国军标对冲击波测试的要求,总结了现有引线式和存储式冲击波测试方法的优缺点。重点介绍了一种小型无线冲击波测试系统,给出了系统的组成、工作原理及实验结果,实测数据表明该系统工作可靠、使用方便,符合国军标的相关要求。     

轴向应力波作用下的圆柱壳弹塑性后屈曲

为揭示柱壳屈曲变形的发展机理及屈曲波与弹塑性应力波耦合传播间的关系,运用非线性显示动力学有限元分析方法对承受轴向高速冲击载荷作用下柱壳的弹塑性后屈曲过程进行了研究。分析结果表明:对于柱壳在轴向高速冲击下的弹塑性轴对称动力屈曲,主要屈曲变形发生在柱壳的两端,屈曲变形的产生及发展与应力波在壳中的传播过程密切相关;塑性应力波在整个屈曲过程中起了绝对支配的作用;屈曲波的产生及发展,都与塑性波的传播及反射有关;弹性应力波由于在整个屈曲过程中持续的时间极短,处于次要的地位。     

有限水深Kelvin源格林函数及其导数的快速计算

应用线性船舶水动力学理论,将有限水深Kelvin移动兴波源格林函数分解成3部分:简单Rankine源集合、局部扰动项和波函数项。对各部分在亚临界和超临界航速时的快速计算分别作了讨论,其中对计算费时的局部扰动项采用了复数中的最陡下降积分法,加快了计算速度,进而引出各部分偏导数的计算。最后,比较了格林函数的差分值与偏导数值,计算了薄船兴波阻力与表面兴波,讨论了不同面元网格划分的收敛性,证实了亚临界、超临界航速兴波分别以横波、散波为主。     

T型分支坑道对油气爆炸传播特性的影响

为研究T型分支坑道对油气爆炸传播特性的影响,通过对比实验,测定了相同初始条件下T型分支坑道和直坑道中油气混合物爆炸的火焰传播速度和爆炸波超压值。利用高速摄影仪,记录了火焰传播至T型分支坑道时的火焰阵面变化情况,并对T型分支坑道中油气混合物爆炸的传播情况进行了理论分析。结果表明：T型分支坑道对油气混合物爆炸的影响可以视为面积突扩和障碍物扰动双重作用的影响;火焰经过支坑道时,火焰阵面发生扭曲并产生皱褶,表面积增大导致火焰传播速度增大;T型分支坑道处,大量反射波和绕射波进入波后反应区,加强了气流湍流强度,并推动已燃气体回传,迅速提高了燃烧反应速度和能量释放率,起到了增大火焰传播速度和爆炸波超压值的作用。     

Shock wave mitigation using zig-zag structures and cylindrical obstructions

The present study focuses on the mitigation of shock wave using novel geometric passages in the flow field. The strategy is to produce multiple shock reflections and diffractions in the passage with minimum flow obstruction, which in turn is expected to reduce the shock wave strength at the target location. In the present study the interaction of a plane shock front (generated from a shock tube) with various geometric designs such as, 1) zig-zag geometric passage, 2) staggered cylindrical obstructions and 3) zig-zag passage with cylindrical obstructions have been investigated using computational technique. It is seen from the numerical simulation that, among the various designs, the maximum shock attenuation is produced by the zig-zag passage with cylindrical obstructions which is then followed by zig-zag passage and staggered cylindrical obstructions. A comprehensive investigation on the shock wave reflection and diffraction phenomena happening in the proposed complex passages have also been carried out. In the new zig-zag design, the initial shock wave undergoes shock wave reflection and diffraction process which swaps alternatively as the shock front moves from one turn to the other turn. This cyclic shock reflection and diffraction process helps in diffusing the shock wave energy with practically no obstruction to the flow field. It is found that by combining the shock attenuation ability of zig-zag passage (using shock reflection and diffraction) with the shock attenuation ability of cylindrical blocks (by flow obstruction), a drastic attenuation in shock strength can be achieved with moderate level of flow blocking.     

Effect of the end cap on the fragment velocity distribution of a cylindrical cased charge

The prediction of the fragment velocity distribution of a cylindrical cased charge with end caps is one of the key issues to assess the damage efficiency of the warhead. However, limited work has been con-ducted to predict the fragment velocity distributions along the axis of cylindrical cased charges with end caps. This paper presents a study of the velocity distribution of fragments caused by the explosion of a cylindrical cased charge with end caps. The fragment velocity distribution and the end cap velocity were determined by an X-ray radiography method, and the axial fragment distribution was determined by witness plates. It was found that the velocities of fragments, especially near the edge, were increased when the end caps were added, and the position of maximum velocity is closer to the non-detonation end. The fragment velocities were increased, and the fragment projection range was decreased with the increase of the thickness of the end cap. A formula for fragment velocity distributions of a cylindrical cased charge with end caps, which is based on Huang's formula, was proposed by the theoretical analysis and data fitting and validated experimentally. The results indicate that the proposed formula is accurate in predicting the fragment velocity distribution along the axis of a cylindrical cased charge with end caps detonated at one end.     

爆电换能的理论分析

考虑了铁电介质的介电松弛和电导率松弛,计及冲击波阵面在样品中传播过程的影响,改进了垂直模式冲击波加载铁电陶瓷电响应的理论,且理论分析与实验结果基本一致。     

Experimental study on explosion dispersion process of a multi-layer composite charge under different initiation modes

The influence of initiation modes on the explosive dispersion process of the multi-layer composite charge (MCC) was studied. Overpressure sensors and high-speed photography system were used to investigate the energy release process of an MCC with a specific structure. The shock wave pressure and explosive dispersion characteristics of the MCC under different initiation modes were compared. The forming and expanding process of the shock wave of the composite charge under different initiation modes was determined. The separation position of the shock wave and fireball interface was determined. The calculation formulas of the shock radius and overpressure of the composite charge are presented. The radius of the shock wave of the composite charge was significantly affected by the initiation mode. Moreover, the development process of the composite explosive fireball under different initiation modes was analyzed, the variation rules of the composite charge dispersion radius and fireball dispersion velocity with time were obtained under the different initiation modes, the explosion energy release rate of composite charge under simultaneous initiation modes was the highest, and the peak overpressure under the simultaneous initiation mode was 1.61 times that of central single-point initiation.     

Fragment spatial distribution of prismatic casing under internal explosive loading

Non-cylindrical casings filled with explosives have undergone rapid development in warhead design and explosion control. The fragment spatial distribution of prismatic casings is more complex than that of traditional cylindrical casings. In this study, numerical and experimental investigations into the fragment spatial distribution of a prismatic casing were conducted. A new numerical method, which adds the Lagrangian marker points to the Eulerian grid, was proposed to track the multi-material interfaces and material dynamic fractures. Physical quantity mappings between the Lagrangian marker points and Eulerian grid were achieved by their topological relationship. Thereafter, the fragment spatial distributions of the prismatic casing with different fragment sizes, fragment shapes, and casing geometries were obtained using the numerical method. Moreover, fragment spatial distribution experiments were conducted on the prismatic casing with different fragment sizes and shapes, and the experimental data were compared with the numerical results. The effects of the fragment and casing geometry on the fragment spatial distributions were determined by analyzing the numerical results and experimental data. Finally, a formula including the casing geometry parameters was fitted to predict the fragment spatial distribution of the prismatic casing under internal explosive loading.