A standardized scan statistic for detecting spatial clusters with estimated parameters

The scan statistic based on likelihood ratios (LRs) have been widely discussed for detecting spatial clusters. When developing the scan statistic, it uses the maximum likelihood estimates of the incidence rates inside and outside candidate clusters to substitute the true values in the LR statistic. However, the parameter estimation has a significant impact on the sensitivity of the scan statistic, which favors the detection of clusters in areas with large population sizes. By presenting the effects of parameter estimation on Kulldorff's scan statistic, we suggest a standardized scan statistic for spatial cluster detection. Compared to the traditional scan statistic, the standardized scan statistic can account for the varying mean and variance of the LR statistic due to inhomogeneous background population sizes. Extensive simulations have been performed to compare the power of the two cluster detection methods with known or/and estimated parameters. The simulation results show that the standardization can help alleviate the effects of parameter estimation and improve the detection of localized clusters. © 2012 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Naval Research Logistics, 2012     

水下无载波窄脉冲相关特征检测

广泛应用于超宽带雷达的无载波窄脉冲信号具有较高的距离和角度分辨率、超近程探测能力、便于目标识别、抑制混响起伏等独特优势.现将其应用于水下声纳系统,水下窄脉冲信号具有宽低频特性,从相关方法出发,讨论无载频窄脉冲对体目标信号的检测.根据窄脉冲信号脉宽内相关特征不变特性,体目标信号经过相关器和特征判决器,可明显减小虚峰出现的概率.数值模拟和实验均验证并证明单次检测即可检测到目标信号,精确检测峰值出现时间.     

视频监控系统中的动目标检测新方法

在分析了现有算法在复杂背景下所存在的不足的基础上,提出了一种适用于视频监控系统的基于视频序列像素时空相关性检测的动目标检测方法.该方法首先用每一帧中像素的空间相关性检测出目标,再用序列图像中目标的时间相关性检验目标的真实性,从而最终确定是否有运动目标.试验表明,该方法能很好地检测出运动目标,并具有较强的抗干扰能力.     

基于误差校准的多雷达粒子滤波检测跟踪算法

基于粒子滤波的检测前跟踪方法是一种处理弱目标检测与跟踪的有效方法。使用多部雷达对同一目标进行观测,可以提高目标的检测概率和跟踪精度。但雷达系统误差不同,得到的目标量测信息不能直接进行融合。针对多个具有不同系统误差的雷达联合检测跟踪问题,通过将不同雷达的量测信息向前追溯,对误差进行校准,从而消除不同雷达对于同一粒子的量测误差,然后将粒子权重进行融合。仿真结果表明,在雷达具有不同系统误差的情况下,采用本算法可以有效提高目标的跟踪精度。     

激光测距仪故障自动检测系统的电路设计

针对手持式激光测距仪的复杂电路系统,设计了一套完整的自动检测电路,成功地解决了激光测距仪电路的故障诊断难题。     

海底小目标数据库功能和运用方法研究

利用海底小目标数据库中的数据信息辅助探猎雷作战,可以摆脱传统探猎雷作战行动中的盲目性,优化反水雷作战流程,有效提高反水雷作战效率。如何科学构建数据库功能,合理设计数据存储、查询和调用的方式方法,以充分发挥各类探测数据的潜在作用,对辅助反水雷战术指挥决策具有重要意义。本文根据海底小目标对探猎雷作战的影响,提出目标位置比对、声纳图像比对、探测态势比对和数据统计分析是海底小目标数据库所应具备的主要功能,结合探猎雷过程中的典型作战环节,阐述了各项功能的基本运用方法和实现手段,指出数据的“量”“质”以及采集规范和维护管理制度,均是数据库建设的重要前提,并对建设数据库所应具备的保障条件进行了 说明。     

炮兵射击指挥系统的智能检测诊断系统

介绍了某型炮兵射击指挥系统智能检测诊断系统的硬件设计和软件组成,并详细地介绍了该系统的功能和技术特点,它不仅可以对炮兵射击指挥系统中的印制板进行故障诊断,也可用于其它由于装备印制板的测试和诊断.     

【专题】水际岸滩沉船顽固障碍破除方法研究

本文针对水际岸滩沉船顽固障碍难以破除的现实课题,通过列举沉船顽固障碍的危害性,分析了其碍障作用机理,探索和总结了一套平战时敌沉船顽固障碍定位标识的数据库,并对几种常用的破除方法进行了可行性分析。为增强对沉船顽固障碍碍航的直接认识,本文从实战角度分析近年来因碰触沉船而发生的现实事故,提出了优先回避原则,据此可避开沉船等障碍物规划编队航行路线。此外,紧急作战情况时若发现沉船顽固障碍,出于航道有限或战法需要,必须对沉船顽固障碍物进行破坏清除。目前沉船顽固障碍清除的方法主要有快速打捞或者移位法、水下爆破辅以水下切割的解体法、依托陆军现有爆破装备破除法以及联合引导空海火力清除法四种方法。 [关键词] 沉船顽固障碍;作用机理;探测定位;破坏清除     

Three-dimensional coordinates test method with uncertain projectile proximity explosion position based on dynamic seven photoelectric detection screen

To objectively obtain the three-dimensional coordinates of the projectile fuze proximity explosion when projectile intersects the head of missile target, we propose a dynamic seven photoelectric detection screen test method, which is made up of six plane detection screens and a flash photoelectric dynamic detection screen. The three-dimensional coordinates calculation model of the projectile proximity explosion position based on seven plane detection screens with dynamic characteristics is established. According to the relation of the dynamic seven photoelectric detection screen planes and the time values, the analytical function of the projectile proximity explosion position parameters under non-linear motion is derived. The projectile signal filtering method based on discrete wavelet transform is explored in this work. Additionally, the projectile signal recognition algorithm using an improved particle swarm is proposed. Based on the characteristics of the time duration and the signal peak error for the projectile passing through the detection screen, the signals attribution of the same projectile passing through six detection screens are analyzed for obtaining precise time values of the same projectile passing through the detection screens. On the basis of the projectile fuze proximity explosion test, the linear motion model and the proposed non-linear motion model are used to calculate and compare the same group of projectiles proximity explosion position parameters. The comparison of test results verifies that the proposed test method and calculation model in this work accurately obtain the actual projectile proximity explosion position parameters.     

蓝牙技术在实时监控系统中的应用

介绍了将蓝牙技术结合嵌入式设备应用到监控系统中的方法,实现PDA与无人机飞行控制计算机间的无线实时数据传输和分析处理.实验表明蓝牙技术能够方便、安全、稳定地代替有线电缆,为控制领域的数据传输提供新的思路.