风对火箭助飞鱼雷入水点散布影响的仿真分析

火箭助飞鱼雷具有反应快、射程远、命中概率高等特点,对于提高水面舰艇部队反潜能力具有重要作用。作战海域气象环境因素对反潜作战的影响巨大,能否充分利用海洋环境条件,关系到搜潜器材能否及时、有效地发现潜艇目标,以及使用攻潜武器对目标实施准确打击。针对火箭助飞鱼雷攻潜实际过程,建立其入水点的散布误差模型和入水位置解算模型,并仿真分析作战海域的风环境因素对火箭助飞鱼雷入水点的影响。     

Expansion planning for waste‐to‐energy systems using waste forecast prediction sets

We consider an expansion planning problem for Waste‐to‐Energy (WtE) systems facing uncertainty in future waste supplies. The WtE expansion plans are regarded as strategic, long term decisions, while the waste distribution and treatment are medium to short term operational decisions which can adapt to the actual waste collected. We propose a prediction set uncertainty model which integrates a set of waste generation forecasts and is constructed based on user‐specified levels of forecasting errors. Next, we use the prediction sets for WtE expansion scenario analysis. More specifically, for a given WtE expansion plan, the guaranteed net present value (NPV) is evaluated by computing an extreme value forecast trajectory of future waste generation from the prediction set that minimizes the maximum NPV of the WtE project. This problem is essentially a multiple stage min‐max dynamic optimization problem. By exploiting the structure of the WtE problem, we show this is equivalent to a simpler min‐max optimization problem, which can be further transformed into a single mixed‐integer linear program. Furthermore, we extend the model to optimize the guaranteed NPV by searching over the set of all feasible expansion scenarios, and show that this can be solved by an exact cutting plane approach. We also propose a heuristic based on a constant proportion distribution rule for the WtE expansion optimization model, which reduces the problem into a moderate size mixed‐integer program. Finally, our computational studies demonstrate that our proposed expansion model solutions are very stable and competitive in performance compared to scenario tree approaches. © 2016 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Naval Research Logistics 63: 47–70, 2016     

Lipschitz非线性系统状态观测器设计新方法

针对Lipschitz非线性系统状态观测器,提出了一种以极小化条件数为目标准则的新的设计方法。运用梯度下降法和Slyvester方程,计算极小化条件数,优化增益矩阵和最大允许Lipschitz常数,完成观测器设计。通过同其它文献的算例比较,结果发现按文中方法设计的观测器具有迭代次数少、优化结果好的特点。     

kittel型反铁电相变的自由能

根据kittel型反铁电相变对称性的变化 ,选择轴矢量 R作为序参量是合适的。由Landau理论 ,相变温度附近的自由能F就可以写成 R幂级数展开的形式。令 F R=0 ,可得到关于序参量的方程 ,从而获得相变温度与自由能的关系     

应用统计能量分析法预测板材隔声量

应用统计能量分析法SEA(Statistical Energy Analysis)预测板隔声量,先建立板材的SEA模型,将板材的隔声量预测转变成求解声振动功率的线性代数方程组,对方程组的变量(SEA参数)值进行确定,得出板材的隔声量,再根据混响室法测量板材实际隔声量。将预测结果与实验结果进行对比分析,证明统计能量分析法能有效的预测板材隔声量。     

固定翼无人机航迹跟踪抗风性研究

无人机作为一种新型军事装备,具有广泛的作战应用场景.无人机的航迹跟踪性能和抗干扰能力是其安全完成飞行任务的保障,随着现代战争作战环境日益复杂,无人机飞行将面临更大的挑战.针对目前固定翼无人机在飞行过程中受风扰影响严重的问题,设计了一种具有抗风性的航迹跟踪方法.利用非线性导引原理实现对航迹的跟踪,并通过引入反馈消除了风扰...     

Mg／KNO3药剂的燃烧与辐射性能研究

通过实验确定了镁/硝酸钾药剂的配比对燃烧速度、近红外辐射强度和可见光强度的影响.经过试验发现当镁与硝酸钾的配比为50∶50时,近红外辐射和可见光强度最大.随着药剂中镁含量的提高,燃烧速度迅速增加.利用最小自由能原理对镁/硝酸钾药剂燃烧反应的温度以及主要反应产物进行了计算,理论计算结果与实验结果基本相符.     

Optimal replacement of continuously degrading systems in partially observed environments

Motivated by wind energy applications, we consider the problem of optimally replacing a stochastically degrading component that resides and operates in a partially observable environment. The component's rate of degradation is modulated by the stochastic environment process, and the component fails when it is accumulated degradation first reaches a fixed threshold. Assuming periodic inspection of the component, the objective is to minimize the long‐run average cost per unit time of performing preventive and reactive replacements for two distinct cases. The first case examines instantaneous replacements and fixed costs, while the second considers time‐consuming replacements and revenue losses accrued during periods of unavailability. Formulated and solved are mixed state space, partially observable Markov decision process models, both of which reveal the optimality of environment‐dependent threshold policies with respect to the component's cumulative degradation level. Additionally, it is shown that for each degradation value, a threshold policy with respect to the environment belief state is optimal if the environment alternates between two states. The threshold policies are illustrated by way of numerical examples using both synthetic and real wind turbine data. © 2015 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Naval Research Logistics 62: 395–415, 2015     

自学习粒子群与梯度下降混杂的漏磁反演方法

利用自学习粒子群优化算法的全局寻优能力克服梯度下降法过分依赖初始解,易陷入局部极值的缺点,从而提高梯度下降法的优化性能。以径向基函数神经网络为前向模型,基于自学习粒子群与梯度下降混杂的反演方法用于漏磁缺陷轮廓重构中。实验结果表明,该反演方法重构的缺陷轮廓比较准确,且在漏磁信号存在噪声的情况下,重构结果到与实际轮廓相近,并具有一定的噪声鲁棒性。     

动态滑翔动力学建模与风梯度能量获取

为简化问题描述和便于数学操作,对无动力飞机的动态滑翔问题做了假设,并在这些假设下建立了无动力飞机动态滑翔的动力学模型,即三维速度空间中只有一个输入变量的常微分方程组。之后,从理论上得到了这个三维速度空间中机械能可以增加的最大范围,即能增纺锤体内部,并推导出最大的机械能增加率。得出更大的风梯度、更小的阻力系数和更小的面质比更加有利于飞机获取能量的结论,该结论加深了对动态滑翔能量观点的认识,对实践有指导意义。