高校辅导员的职业形象与工作状态——基于知乎平台文本数据的质性研究

随着我国高等教育学生培养模式的演变与大学生心理健康教育重要性的突显,高校辅导员除思想政治教育和价值引领的主要职责外,更多承担起了大量的学生日常事务管理,其工作越来越呈现出了琐碎性、重复性、职业上升通道狭窄、导生关系紧张的明显特点。本研究基于知乎平台的文本数据,采用扎根理论的分析思路,对高校辅导员的职业形象及其工作状态进行刻画。研究发现:(1)在辅导员制度良性运行的情况下,辅导员与学生之间呈现出主体关系的平等性与沟通交流的友好性,但是一旦辅导员制度的运行走向异化,师生关系趋向紧张;(2)辅导员处于高校学生管理的第一线,尽管诸多问题的根源并非辅导员本身的工作失职,学生也容易将对制度规则、管理模式的不满泛化地转移至辅导员的身上,双方缺乏理解;(3)辅导员职责早已超越了行政事务性工作的范畴,作为院校与学生的中介点,辅导员身处于多元诉求与多重利益的交合处。平衡与协调多元主体之间的不同诉求成为辅导员工作的重点与难点。对此,要更加关注高校辅导员群体,从建立科学的多方参与工作评价机制与打造专业化、职业化的发展体系两方面对现有辅导员制度加以完善,将院校行政系统评价与学生群体评价相结合,同时加强辅导员的专业技能培训,为辅导员提供更加专业化的职业晋升通道。     

Thermal hazard assessment of TKX-50-based melt-cast explosive

In the present study, thermal hazards of TNT and DNAN used as the molten binder in TKX-50-based melt-cast explosives were comparatively studied through accelerating rate calorimeter (ARC) and Cook-off experiments. Two kinds of ARC operation modes were performed to investigate the thermal safety performance under adiabatic conditions (HWS mode) and constant heating (CHR mode). The obtained results demonstrated that at both heating modes, DNAN/TKX-50 outperformed TNT/TKX-50 from the thermal safety point of view. However, the sensitivity to heat of the samples was reverse because of the different heating modes. In addition, the results of thermal hazard assessment obtained from the cook-off experiment complied with ARC analysis which indicated the molten binder TNT replaced by DNAN would reduce the hazard of the TKX-50 melt cast explosive. Furthermore, the results of cook-off experiments also showed that DNAN/TKX-50 outperformed TNT/TKX-50 from the aspect of thermal stability, which was consistent with the result of CHR mode because of the similar heating process.     

Analysis on damage characteristics and detonation performance of solid rocket engine charge subjected to jet

To further explore the damage characteristics and impact response of the shaped charge to the solid rocket engine (SRE) in storage or transportation, protective armor was designed and the shelled charges model (SCM)/SRE with protective armor impacting by shaped charge tests were conducted. Air overpressures at 5 locations and axial acceleration caused by the explosion were measured, and the experimental results were compared with two air overpressure curves of propellant detonation obtained by related scholars. Afterwards, the finite element software AUTODYN was used to simulate the SCM impacted process and SRE detonation results. The penetration process and the formation cause of damage were analyzed. The detonation performance of TNT, reference propellant, and the propellant used in this experiment was compared. The axial acceleration caused by the explosion was also analyzed. By comprehensive comparison, the energy released by the detonation of this propellant is larger, and the HMX or Al particles contained in this propellant are more than the reference propellant, with a TNT equivalent of 1.168–1.196. Finally, advanced protection armor suggestions were proposed based on the theory of woven fabric rubber composite armor (WFRCA).     

钢丝增强复合条带抗弹性能数值分析

为研究钢丝增强聚合物基复合条带的抗弹性能,基于冲击动力学理论分析其抗弹机理,再借助ANSYS/LS-DYNA软件和LS-PrePost前后处理器模拟有无增强钢丝2种工况下,条带对7.62 mm弹体的冲击响应。分析表明：条带的弹性模量、剪切模量和面密度会影响其能量吸收性能,能量吸收量随三者的增大而增大;由于聚合物基体的正交各向异性,应力云图显示出扁平椭圆状是合理的;在聚合物基复合条带中嵌入增强钢丝对条带整体的抗弹性能有积极的影响,但嵌入过量的钢丝会导致重量和成本的增加,因此需要对合理的钢丝配比率作进一步研究。研究结果可为钢丝增强聚合物基复合条带在野战防护结构中的应用提供参考。     

SpaceFibre网络服务质量时隙资源分配算法

为保证SpaceFibre星载数据网络大量实时数据流的超高速确定性传输,提出一种包含两个子算法的SpaceFibre网络服务质量时隙资源分配算法.形式化描述网络服务质量机制,给出调度矩阵相关定义;创建网络服务质量排队模型,定量分析时隙资源分配对网络时延性能的影响;考虑网络兼容性和算法鲁棒性,给出改进二进制序列调度子算法...     

Exponential size neighborhoods for makespan minimization scheduling

We investigate the quality of local search heuristics for the scheduling problem of minimizing the makespan on identical parallel machines. We study exponential size neighborhoods (whose size grows exponentially with the input length) that can be searched in polynomial time, and we derive worst‐case approximation guarantees for the local optima of such neighborhoods. The so‐called split neighborhood splits a feasible schedule into two layers, and then recombines the two layers by finding a perfect matching. We show that the makespan of every local optimum for split is at most a factor of 2 away from the globally optimal makespan. We then combine the split neighborhood with two neighborhoods from the literature. The combination of split with the jump neighborhood only marginally improves the approximation guarantee, whereas the combination with the lexicographic‐jump neighborhood decreases the approximation guarantee from 2 to 3/2. © 2011 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Naval Research Logistics, 2011     

TBD620柴油机低负荷性能研究

以舰用高速大功率柴油机低负荷问题为研究对象,采用试验和理论分析以及计算相结合的方法,对TBD620柴油机进行缸内示功图实机测试和放热规律计算。结果表明,采用主辅双进气道系统是解决舰用大功率柴油机低负荷性能的一种行之有效的方法。     

民用建筑自然排烟系统设计与应用

针对目前国内建筑自然排烟系统设备应用过程中出现的问题,结合北京市地方标准《自然排烟系统设计施工及验收规范》,重点说明自然排烟系统的设计要求、设备应用、性能分析,分析了自然排烟系统在设计、施工及验收阶段的衔接性和重要性,并结合国外的做法和国内的规范给出现阶段可行的做法。     

一种多处理机集束总线互连结构性能分析

针对紧耦合多处理机系统中采用的集束总线结构 ,对系统中单个处理机的处理效率进行了分析 ,据此 ,提出了关于该类互连结构中总线和存储器设置方面的建议。最后 ,对集束总线结构、共享总线结构和分布式总线结构系统的性能进行了比较分析。     

柴油机热力性能的灰色预测

提出了一种基于柴油机示功图数据分析及灰色预测理论的柴油机热力性能预测方法.该方法从一系列实测示功图压力数据中还原燃烧规律,提取燃烧规律曲线的特征值,并采用灰色预测理论来预测未来的燃烧规律,代入柴油机工作过程计算程序中得到其各热力参数,具有一定的理论及实用价值.