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181.
We consider the infinite horizon serial inventory system with both average cost and discounted cost criteria. The optimal echelon base‐stock levels are obtained in terms of only probability distributions of leadtime demands. This analysis yields a novel approach for developing bounds and heuristics for optimal inventory control polices. In addition to deriving the known bounds in literature, we develop several new upper bounds for both average cost and discounted cost models. Numerical studies show that the bounds and heuristic are very close to optimal.© 2007 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Naval Research Logistics, 2007 相似文献
182.
Vendor‐managed revenue‐sharing arrangements are common in the newspaper and other industries. Under such arrangements, the supplier decides on the level of inventory while the retailer effectively operates under consignment, sharing the sales revenue with his supplier. We consider the case where the supplier is unable to predict demand, and must base her decisions on the retailer‐supplied probabilistic forecast for demand. We show that the retailer's best choice of a distribution to report to his supplier will not be the true demand distribution, but instead will be a degenerate distribution that surprisingly induces the supplier to provide the system‐optimal inventory quantity. (To maintain credibility, the retailer's reports of daily sales must then be consistent with his supplied forecast.) This result is robust under nonlinear production costs and nonlinear revenue‐sharing. However, if the retailer does not know the supplier's production cost, the forecast “improves” and could even be truthful. That, however, causes the supplier's order quantity to be suboptimal for the overall system. © 2007 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Naval Research Logistics, 2007 相似文献
183.
This study combines inspection and lot‐sizing decisions. The issue is whether to INSPECT another unit or PRODUCE a new lot. A unit produced is either conforming or defective. Demand need to be satisfied in full, by conforming units only. The production process may switch from a “good” state to a “bad” state, at constant rate. The proportion of conforming units in the good state is higher than in the bad state. The true state is unobservable and can only be inferred from the quality of units inspected. We thus update, after each inspection, the probability that the unit, next candidate for inspection, was produced while the production process was in the good state. That “good‐state‐probability” is the basis for our decision to INSPECT or PRODUCE. We prove that the optimal policy has a simple form: INSPECT only if the good‐state‐probability exceeds a control limit. We provide a methodology to calculate the optimal lot size and the expected costs associated with INSPECT and PRODUCE. Surprisingly, we find that the control limit, as a function of the demand (and other problem parameters) is not necessarily monotone. Also, counter to intuition, it is possible that the optimal action is PRODUCE, after revealing a conforming unit. © 2007 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Naval Research Logistics, 2007 相似文献
184.
This paper proposes a kurtosis correction (KC) method for constructing the X? and R control charts for symmetrical long‐tailed (leptokurtic) distributions. The control charts are similar to the Shewhart control charts and are very easy to use. The control limits are derived based on the degree of kurtosis estimated from the actual (subgroup) data. It is assumed that the underlying quality characteristic is symmetrically distributed and no other distributional and/or parameter assumptions are made. The control chart constants are tabulated and the performance of these charts is compared with that of the Shewhart control charts. For the case of the logistic distribution, the exact control limits are derived and are compared with the KC method and the Shewhart method. © 2007 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Naval Research Logistics, 2007 相似文献
185.
186.
周泽华 《中国人民武装警察部队学院学报》2007,23(2):48-50
针对目前我国利用现有建筑设计防火规范等一系列标准对建筑物进行火灾风险分析存在的不足,介绍澳大利亚的BCA结构体系和美国的建筑防火分析方法BFXEM两种性能化建筑火灾风险分析方法,并提出了性能化建筑火灾风险分析方法的基本框架及确定火灾场景的方法。在量化方法基础上,为建筑消防安全的风险问题提供了一项可以接受的解决方案。 相似文献
187.
陈颖 《中国人民武装警察部队学院学报》2007,23(2):74-78
采用FDS模型模拟了大空间内发生火灾的烟气运动过程,分析了不同排烟模式下烟气控制的效果。模拟结果表明,补气口面积、火源功率对排烟效果影响较大;而排烟口的布置方式和排烟速率的影响较小。 相似文献
188.
军校开展案例教学之我见 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
苏君静 《中国人民武装警察部队学院学报》2007,23(5):53-54
案例教学作为一种行之有效的教学方法,有助于锻炼和提高军队院校学员分析问题、解决问题的能力,军校应正确认识案例教学的重要意义,深入探讨如何选编案例以及实施案例教学的具体措施。 相似文献
189.
韩增辉 《中国人民武装警察部队学院学报》2007,23(3):55-59
实现社会和谐始终是人类追求的一个社会理想,只是因为社会历史的不同,和谐社会思想所包含的要义以及所追求的目标也随之有所差异。但法之于和谐社会具有重要价值却是绝大多数法哲学家所认同的,即构建和谐社会离不开法律保障之基石。从中西方法律思想以及可持续发展观角度层层递进,对构建和谐社会之合理性、时代性、先导性以及法之于和谐社会的重要价值进行探讨与思索。 相似文献
190.
结合近年来人员聚集场所群死群伤火灾事故统计,从直接和间接两个方面分析了人员聚集场所群死群伤火灾事故发生的原因,着重从管理、技术、扑救提出了人员聚集场所群死群伤火灾事故的防治对策。 相似文献