船舶结构可靠性研究现状

从载荷、承载能力和可靠性分析方法3个方面综述了船舶结构可靠性研究的发展状况,并对今后的研究方向提出了建议.     

Global minimization of indefinite quadratic functions subject to box constraints

A branch-and-bound algorithm is proposed for global minimization of indefinite quadratic functions subject to box constraints. Branching is done according to the sign of first-order derivatives. New tests based on the compatibility of signs of several first-order derivatives and on various bounding procedures, allow curtailment of the search. Computational experiments are reported. Comparison is made with an interval arithmetic implementation. © 1993 John Wiley & Sons, Inc.     

固体火箭发动机二次喷射控制矢量喷管流场仿真

采用基于Favre平均的三维N-S方程和k-ε湍流模型对固体火箭发动机二次喷射推力矢量喷管复杂干扰内流场进行数值模拟。空间上采用三阶精度差分格式进行求解,时间上采用隐式Jacobi点迭代方法进行迭代推进,直至流场收敛。数值模拟得到矢量喷管二次射流的激波系结构,以及复杂的主/次流干扰流动图像。二次喷射流场包含复杂的涡系结构和波系结构,还存在着边界层与激波的相互干扰、自由剪切层、激波、膨胀波和大尺寸分离。数值模拟还表明,高温燃气射流导致喷射孔附近喷管壁面处的温度相当高,需采取相应的热防护措施。     

应变天平测量电路退化及失效检测技术

针对振动、温度应力等引起的风洞应变天平检测电路(惠斯登电桥)的退化或失效,提出一种检测方法。基于不同时刻在电桥不同节点施加激励并测量其响应,通过理论计算实现电桥的参数解析,基于聚类实现失效检测。研制了原理样机,并开展实验研究,实验结果表明该方法有效,可以实现电桥的失效检测,电桥电阻的测量精度可以达到0. 2‰以上。基于该方法设计的样机,可以实现应变天平检测电路的退化及失效的自动检测,节省故障诊断时间,提高风洞试验的可用时间。     

Supply chain coordination with product line design and a revenue sharing scheme

Many manufacturers sell their products through retailers and share the revenue with those retailers. Given this phenomenon, we build a stylized model to investigate the role of revenue sharing schemes in supply chain coordination and product variety decisions. In our model, a monopolistic manufacturer serves two segments of consumers, which are distinguished by their willingness to pay for quality. In the scenario with exogenous revenue sharing ratios, when the potential gain from serving the low segment is substantial (e.g., the low‐segment consumers' willingness to pay is high enough or the low segment takes a large enough proportion of the market), the retailer is better off abandoning the revenue sharing scheme. Moreover, when the potential gain from serving the low (high) segment is substantial enough, the manufacturer finds it profitable to offer a single product. Furthermore, when revenue sharing ratios are endogenous, we divide our analysis into two cases, depending on the methods of cooperation. When revenue sharing ratios are negotiated at the very beginning, the decentralized supply chain causes further distortion. This suggests that the central premise of revenue sharing—the coordination of supply chains—may be undermined if supply chain parties meticulously bargain over it.     

相变温控混凝土相变储热性能试验研究

混凝土中加入相变材料之后对水化反应产生的热量有一定的吸收,从而对混凝土内部温度有一定的控制作用,这将减少混凝土温度裂缝产生的几率.通过筛选带一定结晶水的硬脂酸、月桂酸和正十二醇的3种有机相变材料,模拟实际大体积混凝土工程来研究不同相变材料的掺量、控温效果.运用计算机软件绘制时间一温度曲线,从中搜寻出最佳的相变材料掺量.     

二维凹槽过渡流的DSMC方法模拟

采用DSMC (DirectSimulationMonte -Carlo)方法模拟二维凹槽过渡流动 ,给出了在不同Knudsen数、不同展弦比、不同壁温条件下凹槽流的速度和温度分布 ,并对DSMC方法在模拟全速度域流场时存在的局限性进行了讨论。     

柔软物体力触觉形变模型验证系统

为了验证柔性物体力-形变模型的合理性,构建了基于CC2531芯片的无线数据收发平台、力传感器测量平台和FALCON手控器位移测量平台的力-形变模型验证系统。以新鲜猪肝脏为实验对象,研究了弹性形变实验和穿刺实验的作用力与位移之间的关系;以力-形变测量数据为基础,进行了参数验证校调。仿真实验结果表明:模型中力-形变特性与实际测量值保持一致。该系统能广泛应用于柔性物体力-形变模型验证,对于促进力触觉虚拟医学仿真系统的发展具有重要意义。     

舰艇编队多声纳数据融合

分析了标准kalman滤波(KF)和自适应kalman滤波(AKF)的原理,通过仿真实验,对两种滤波算法的性能进行比较.结合各种声纳的探测特性和水下目标的特点,建立了舰艇编队的数据融合方案.选用简单凸组合融合算法作为舰艇编队协同反潜的航迹融合算法,将多声纳融合系统的融合结果和简单交叉定位算法进行了比较研究.仿真实验结果表明:自适应kalman滤波比标准kalman滤波具有更好的目标跟踪性能,多声纳融合结果较简单交叉定位结果的性能有大幅度提高,所选用的融合算法航迹能够较好的与真实航迹吻合.     

焊接工艺对熔敷金属韧性的影响

探讨了改变焊接工艺对焊条熔敷金属冲击韧性的影响．研究表明：改变焊接工艺,将通过改变熔敷金属的化学成分,影响熔敷金属的强度和韧性;降低焊接线能量时,将降低熔敷金属中的氧含量及其氧化夹杂物的数量和大小,从而提高熔敷金属的韧性