武器装备的综合性能

武器装备除了具备传统的作战性能外,还应具备适用于作战的保障性能.作战性能和保障性能统称武器综合性能.综合性能要依靠传统工程技术及专业工程技术的综合,用系统工程的方法去解决.     

国外雷达技术发展管窥

随着高新技术的迅猛发展,雷达技术有了较大的发展空间,雷达与反雷达的相对平衡状态不断被打破。介绍了国外多种高性能雷达技术发展及其性能特点,窥探发展中的防空雷达体制、参数选择和附加措施等,根据不同目标的空域特性,制定防空对策及电子防御措施,不断提高雷达的适应性、有效性和战场生存能力。     

On the production of victory: Empirical determinants of battlefield success in modern war

Using a data set of historical battles from 1600 to 1973, this paper analyzes the empirical determinants of tactical success in modern war. Based on a reduced form approach we consider key elements of military theory as production factors for combat success as an output of a military production function. The paper focuses on the relationship of material and non-material factors to battlefield success, and especially on the role of superior force strengths. Contrary to the emphasis on technology which can be found in the recent literature, our estimation results indicate that numerical superiority has retained its crucial role for battlefield performance throughout history. In general, human elements of warfare, like leadership, morale and surprise, have continued to be important determinants of battle outcome despite technological progress in weapons.     

Concept costing for defence projects: the problem and its solution

It is intrinsic to the nature of military competition that the unit acquisition costs of defence systems rise generation by generation. Traditional “bottom‐up” methods of cost‐estimating cannot meet the increasing demands for extensive studies of many options before commencing design and, while “top‐down” estimating techniques are an improvement, in particular by reducing the time required for preparing estimates, they also are inadequate to meet current requirements. A new method has been devised, therefore, further developing “top‐down” methods using Bayesian techniques to make best use of the available information, whether certain or uncertain, and its accuracy established by example.     

The Armoury Gauging System and Interchangeable Manufacture

Abstract

Scientifically analysing important artefacts from the site of historic battles is vital if the best information is to be retrieved from the field. A detailed knowledge of the specific equipment that was available to the combatants from a known battle is also required at a high level so that artefacts and fragments resulting from an historic battlefield archaeological survey can be recognised when found. Access to specialists from all walks of life is required throughout each battlefield-related project, from the fieldwork stages to the dissemination of information. The following paper discusses the importance of working alongside museums and specialists and gives examples of how the Towton Battlefield Archaeology Project has successfully worked with the staff at the Royal Armouries Leeds.     

54／74HC高速CMOS逻辑电路的接口电路

本文主要讨论了５４／７４ＨＣ高速ＣＭＯＳ逻辑电路的性能特．点及接口电路。     

低速大雷诺数混合飞艇气动性能分析

针对混合飞艇体积巨大同时气动外形复杂使得现有条件的风洞试验很难精确测量其气动性能的问题,开展了适用于混合飞艇气动性能分析的计算流体力学(CFD)的数值分析方法研究。考虑混合飞艇低速大雷诺数的特点,将变分多尺度方法 (VMS)与动态Smagorinsky大涡模拟(LES)模型相结合,提出了组合的VMSLES湍流模型。将基于RANS方法和LES方法的其他三种湍流模型相对比,利用雷诺数相近、实验数据丰富的6:1长椭球飞艇对不同的湍流模型进行了对比验证。结果显示LES方法预测结果与实验结果吻合较好,优于RANS方法,并能显示更多流动细节,而组合的VMS-LES模型能够更精确地捕获实验研究中观察到的二次涡。利用组合的VMS-LES模型对有翼HAV与多囊瓣HAV进行了气动性能分析,并研究了不同部件对飞艇气动特性的影响。结果表明,由于尾翼表面产生的一次涡与二次涡相互作用,尾翼在增加气动升力的同时也增加了阻力。     

The Towton Battle — A Reinterpretation

The paper re-interprets the implement known as the ‘Towton Battle Axe’ allegedly found in the river which borders the Towton Battlefield (1461), Yorkshire, England, and which now resides in Alnwick Castle, Northumberland. The paper provides parallels, in the form of comparisons with other weapons, in order that the Towton implement can be shown to be a modified former halberd dating from the early sixteenth century. It is, therefore, highly unlikely that the implement was used in the famous battle.     

A method to determine the shell layout scheme for equipment battlefield damage tests under artillery fire

In this paper,a new method for determining the shell layout scheme is proposed,which can make the equipment damage data by the battlefield damage test resemble as close as possible the actual combat data.This method is based on the analysis of the impact point distribution and effective damage area of equipment.In order to obtain the position of the impact points,an impact point distribution model under artillery fire was established.Similarly,in order to obtain the effective damage area of equipment,the concepts of generalized damage area and task-based equipment functional damage probability were demonstrated,and the corresponding calculation model was established.Through case analysis,the shell layout scheme was effectively obtained,verifying the correctness of the proposed method.     

美军战场态势一致性对海战场态势图体系构建的启示

信息化战争中,战场态势图已经成为各类指控系统的核心。本文对美军互操作作战图族FIOP发展现状进行分析研究,总结出美军FIOP的特点和美军实现战场态势一致性的关键技术,在对美军态势图的研究基础上,提出了对海战场态势图体系构建的启示和需要解决的关键技术。