模糊数据的编码压缩

建立在普通集合之上的传统的数据压缩方法不能胜任模糊领域中的问题。因此,有必要从模糊集合理论出发,导出模糊概率的概念和模糊信息,赋予数据压缩理论和技术新的活力。本文试图从模糊理论的角度,借助于广义信息论,探讨模糊信息压缩的方法和意义。     

National security,military spending and the business cycle

This paper develops a Dynamic Stochastic General Equilibrium model where national security is an argument in the agent’s utility function and the government chooses optimally the level of military spending to maximize social welfare. National defense depends on military expenditure and on the strategic environment reflecting a potential hostile external threat. We use aggregate data on consumption, investment, and military spending for the US economy to estimate the parameters of the model. Estimation results suggest that consumption and national defense are complements and that military spending variability is mainly explained by external threat shocks although it also depends on the macroeconomic conditions. We compute impulse response functions of the main macroeconomic variables to several shocks: a total factor productivity shock, a defense technology shock, and a strategic environment shock. Surprisingly, we find that the optimal response to an increase in the external threat (a worsening in the strategic environment) will rise output by reducing consumption and increasing investment.     

Rossellini,Pontecorvo, and the neorealist cinema of insurgency

This article examines the tradition of Italian neorealism and the importance it has for films depicting guerrilla insurgencies. It looks in particular at the two films by Roberto Rossellini Rome Open City and Paisa as well as the later film by Nanni Loy Four Days in Naples. It then proceeds to locate Gillo Pontecorvo's iconic film The Battle of Algiers within this neorealist tradition and examines the degree to which the director succeeded in continuing the basic traditions of neorealism into the context of the Algerian war of Independence. The article concludes that while this film remains of great interest it should be situated in the period when it was produced and is in many ways radically disconnected from many insurgent movements of the present day.     

Counterinsurgency American style: Considering David Petraeus and twenty-first century irregular war

This article examines the complex legacy of David Petraeus who was a key figure in the emergence of the US military shift towards counterinsurgency doctrine in the years after 2006. Although Petraeus has been perceived by critics as a publicity seeker, he can be credited with laying the foundations for a more serious commitment to COIN involving in particular in integrating conventional and Special Forces in arenas like village stability operations. The article looks a Petraeus's role in both Iraq and Afghanistan: it concludes that, in the case of Afghanistan, it is too early to assess whether counterinsurgency has had a decisive impact of the outcome of the war against the Taliban.     

COIN fights: A response to Etzioni

Etzioni both exaggerates and minimizes the influence of my book Learning to Eat Soup with a Knife on different components of US military doctrine, mischaracterizes my treatment of the Malayan Emergency, and unfairly denigrates the successes of counterinsurgency in Iraq from 2007 to 2011 while misattributing the reasons for its failures in both Iraq and Afghanistan.     

舰炮火力系统智能结构分析

遵从“智能增加,精度降低”(IPDI)原则,将舰炮火力系统(含雷达、C~3I、舰炮等系统)的智能结构分为概念、协调、执行3级,并着重分析采用广义信息熵作为各级统一评价标准的可能性。最后,还简要提出了新型舰炮火力系统智能化发展的方向。     

美陆军通用基金企业业务系统特点与启示

本文以美国陆军通用基金企业业务系统为研究对象,从后勤信息化建设发展历程、军费企业化管理特点和陆军财务转型重要举措三个方面介绍了该系统建设的有关背景,总结了与"军财工程"相比,通用基金企业业务系统存在的分配多个用户角色、实时共享数据和重视成本文化等多个突出特点,并提出与军队财务管理信息系统建设有关的六点启示,以期为推进军队财务信息化建设、提高军队财务信息化保障水平提供参考。     

Expendable soldiers

Foreign Legions in the generic sense have evolved in ways that would surprise Beau Geste. Not only are more foreigners or recent immigrants enlisting in Western military forces, but also the post-Cold War era has seen the revival of warlord militias and Private Military Companies. Western militaries, in particular that of the United States, have also sought to increase their strategic reach through security assistance to regional military forces. While there have been some successes, security assistance has proven to have its limitations, not to mention unintended consequences for civil military relations, democracy promotion, and military efficiency.     

一般自我效能感与社会支持对中学生主观幸福感的影响

目的：探讨一般自我效能感、社会支持对中学生主观幸福感的影响,为提高中学生的主观幸福感提供理论依据。方法：采用一般自我效能感（GSES）、领悟社会支持（PASS）问卷和总体幸福感（PGWB）量表,对新疆地区部分中学的1000名中学生进行调查。结果：①不同性别中学生在一般自我效能感、其它支持和社会总支持存在显著差异（P〈0.05）;不同家庭类型中学生在领悟社会支持及各因子、忧郁或愉快的心境以及对情感和行为的控制方面存在显著差异（P〈0.05）。②总体幸福感中的对健康的担心这一因子与社会支持和各因子（其他支持除外）及一般自我效能感呈显著负相关（P〈0.05）,而其他各因子与社会支持各因子及自我效能感呈显著正相关（P〈0.05）。③一般自我效能感、家庭支持和朋友支持对中学生主观幸福感具有显著地预测作用（P〈0.05）。结论：中学生的性别、家庭类型在一般自我效能感、社会支持和主观幸福感方面表现出差异性,且中学生的一般自我效能感、社会支持与中学生主观幸福感之间存在相互关系。     

动态通用查询方法的设计与实现

分析了在管理信息系统中研制通用查询技术的必要性和重要性 ,探讨了它的设计方法和实现技术 ,实际工程的应用证明了它的有效性。