Theoretical and numerical investigations on the headspace of cartridge cases considering axial deformation and movement

The cartridge case headspace is the axial clearance between the cartridge and bolt of an automatic weapon, and influences the reliability and security of the weapon. Accordingly, theoretical and numerical studies were conducted to analyze the dynamic response of cartridge cases during internal impact considering the initial radial clearances between the cartridge case and chamber. A theoretical model was proposed to predict the cartridge case headspace considering both the deformation and movement of the cartridge case and confirmed by the results of nonlinear finite element simulations. The differences between the results of the conventional static model and the dynamic model were then comprehensively evaluated. The effects of the angle between the cartridge and chamber, the cartridge case material, and the internal impact pressure on the predicted headspace value were also analyzed. The dynamic response of the cartridge case predicted by the dynamic model was more accurate than that predicted by the conventional static model. The internal impact pressure, pressure change rate, and cartridge material were all found to affect the predicted headspace.     

QFD在装甲装备质量监控分析中的应用

针对装甲装备质量监控对象不明确的问题,分析了质量功能展开(Quality Function Development,QFD)在质量监控分析中应用的可行性,提出了基于QFD的装甲装备质量监控分析方法,构建了装甲装备质量监控指标的QFD瀑布式分解模型。通过过程规划、特性规划、指标规划3个环节,确定了装甲装备储存、动用、保养、修理为质量监控的关键过程,性能及时间性为质量监控的关键特性,完好率、平均故障间隔时间、使用可用度、平均修复时间为质量监控的关键指标。     

基于门限偶极子模型的四轮车变速度轨迹跟踪控制

针对利用李亚普诺夫函数控制律设计的轨迹跟踪控制器在跟踪初始误差较大和离散轨迹时,存在速度跳变问题和拐点处误差偏大的问题,设计了一种基于门限偶极子模型和趋向模型的变速度轨迹跟踪控制器。以四轮车的运动学模型为研究对象,在李亚普诺夫函数控制律的基础上,引入门限偶极子模型解决了初始误差较大速度跳变问题,同时引入纵向控制中的趋向模型,解决了不连续轨迹拐点处误差偏大的问题,使得跟踪轨迹更为光滑,进一步提高了跟踪精度。通过仿真结果对比分析,验证了改进控制器的有效性。     

基于遗传算法的无人机航迹规划代价函数

针对当前使用的无人机航迹规划代价函数的不足之处,提出一种利用遗传算法对无人机航迹规划代价函数进行优化的方法。对基本遗传算法进行了局部改进,设计了航迹极坐标编码方式及航迹适应度函数,在采用基本遗传操作算子的基础上采取精英保存策略,提高了算法的效率;采用代价归一化并进行优化的思想,得到优化之后的代价函数权重值。优化结果表明,该方法可以获得代价更低的航迹。     

On the production of victory: Empirical determinants of battlefield success in modern war

Using a data set of historical battles from 1600 to 1973, this paper analyzes the empirical determinants of tactical success in modern war. Based on a reduced form approach we consider key elements of military theory as production factors for combat success as an output of a military production function. The paper focuses on the relationship of material and non-material factors to battlefield success, and especially on the role of superior force strengths. Contrary to the emphasis on technology which can be found in the recent literature, our estimation results indicate that numerical superiority has retained its crucial role for battlefield performance throughout history. In general, human elements of warfare, like leadership, morale and surprise, have continued to be important determinants of battle outcome despite technological progress in weapons.     

复杂系统使用保障测试性设计方法初探--故障设备影响分析及其应用

分析了复杂系统使用保障测试性设计方法的技术背景,系统战备状态的含义、重要性和描述方法;重点探讨了系统设备级(初始约定层次)故障设备对系统分系统战备状态影响进行分析的有效方法。并以某防空导弹武器系统为例,介绍如何利用功能分析法具体解决复杂系统使用保障测试的可测性、可控制性和可观察性等工程化设计问题。推荐一组实用的系统/分系统战备状态(正常/降级/故障)判定逻辑运算数学模型和基层级综合保障(使用保障+维修保障)计划流程图。     

铜铝导线搭接处铜导线形貌和成分分析

选用单芯聚氯乙烯绝缘铜导线和铝导线为实验材料并模拟火场条件,制备铜、铝导线搭接形成的一次短路痕迹、二次短路痕迹、火烧痕迹、过负荷痕迹和接触不良痕迹,为识别和分析铜、铝导线搭接痕迹并客观地认定火灾原因提供参考。     

巨型机中软硬结合的函数计算方案

本文分别讨论了巨型机中计算ｙ／ｘ、ｙ／、ａｘ、ｌｏｇａｘ、ｘｙ等函数的算法设计及其误差分析。     

排气波纹管的设计研究

给出了波纹管轴向补偿与径向补偿能力的关系,并提供了选型依据、设计计算方法和实例,可供设计者参考。     

Bent函数序列及其在扩频通信中的应用

Bent 函数序列有良好的相关特性,在扩频通信中有着广阔的应用前景。本文首先介绍了 Bent 函数序列及其在码分多址(CDMA)和跳频多址(FHMA)中的应用,然后推导了Bent 函数序列的产生电路,并举例说明了它们的产生和实现。