Norms,Military Utility,and the Use/Non-use of Weapons: The Case of Anti-plant and Irritant Agents in the Vietnam War

The role of norms and military utility in the use of weapons is disputed by constructivist and realist scholars. Through an examination of US decision-making regarding anti-plant and irritant agents in the Vietnam War, I advance this debate in three key ways. First, I develop structural realism’s expectations regarding the role of military utility. Second, I demonstrate that social and material factors are at play in our understandings of both ‘norms’ and ‘military utility’, and that both played a role in US decisions. Third, I find that the dominant role – as structural realism expects – was played by military utility.     

用于潜艇的数据融合算法结构设计

利用数据融合技术,在数据库的支持之下,充分发挥各传感器信息组合的潜能,为客观复现战术态势提供保障．文中给出了用于潜艇的数据融合算法的结构设计．     

论英语疑问句变化折射的语言生物进化现象

无论是古英语还是现代英语,其构成疑问句时,主语之前必须有填充词。在古英语中,填充词直接由动词v从屈折语素I位经连续提升进入补语连词位来构成疑问句。发展到现代英语,一部分动词虚化变成了情态动词,充当填充词,没有情态动词则出现了用助动词do作为填充词构成疑问句的现象。虽然转换生成语法的句法理论,对于疑问句结构的这种变化作了句法运算方面静态的描述,认为这种变化与转换生成句法构成的经济原则吻合,但本文认为疑问句的这种变化从另一个角度折射出语言的生物进化现象。     

Defence spending and growth in turkey 1954–1993: A causal analysis

This paper investigates the causality issue between military expenditure and growth in the case of Turkey, a strategically located developing country, for the period 1954–1993. Results reported herein reveal the absence of any causal ordering between the variables in question.     

Is there a Greek‐Turkish arms race?: Evidence from cointegration and causality tests†

Greece and Turkey are both members of NATO and are two of the principal players in the Balkan region. Their respective defence burdens (i.e. the share of military expenditure to GDP) are the highest in NATO. Their bilateral relations are marred by serious friction and conflict of interest and have on a number of occasions come close to an armed confrontation. Their strategic interaction and mutual weapons build‐up has recently attracted the attention of researchers in the field testing the hypothesis of a Greek‐Turkish arms race with conflicting results. This paper, using cointegration and causality tests, finds evidence of a systematic armaments competition between the two countries provided that a defence policy regime shift estimated to occur in 1985 is explicitly taken into consideration. This policy regime change is associated with the stagnation of defence spending in Greece owing to the gradual deterioration of Greek public finances over the last decade.     

结构解析建模方法在舰艇训练计划中的应用

根据舰艇训练计划特点,运用结构解析模型分析舰艇训练计划,建立训练内容的邻接矩阵与可达矩阵,划分训练内容的层次,并进行分层优化排列配置.建立的结构解析模型在计划实施过程中可根据外部因素的变化,提出适应不同变化的计划方案,能很好适用于实际的训练环境,大大提高了时间、资源利用率和保障舰艇的训练安全,对现有舰艇训练方法起到很好的改进作用.     

面向需求变化的军队自动化立体仓库货位优化

为提高军队自动化立体仓库的出库能力,提出应根据需求变化对在库物资货位进行动态调整,从而最大限度地保障军队物资需求。综合考虑堆垛机总行程、货物离散度和出库频率等评价指标,采用遗传算法对该多目标优化问题进行求解,并运用Matalab仿真。结果表明,该方法能较好地提高军队自动化立体仓库在需求动态变化时的出库能力。同时,该研究对一般仓库的货位优化也有一定的借鉴意义。     

现代水面舰船结构发展的若干问题

本文综述现代水面舰船结构的若干进展,从舰船结构材料、结构型式以及舰船生存能力等方面进行评述。     

潜艇结构设计的现状和展望

1983年以来国际上举行了多次有关潜艇的学术会议,发表了多篇有关潜艇结构设计的重要论文。本文以此为背景,论述国外目前采用的潜艇结构设计方法—确定性方法,讨论可靠性理论应用于潜艇结构设计,指出在潜艇结构设计中可靠性理论将取代确定性方法。     

应用遗传优化算法枚举结构系统的主要破坏模式

根据基因遗传算法的基本原理,提出了一种适用于枚举结构系统主要破坏模式的遗传优化算法,讨论并解决了该法实施过程中的编码技术、适合度函数定义、遗传操作方式等具体技术问题。算例表明：提出的遗传优化算法能够稳定有效地搜索出结构系统的主要破坏模式,从而为进行结构系统的可靠性分析提供了一种崭新的智能方法。