新型弹簧钢 33SiMnB 的研制

本文报导了一种新研制的钢种33SiMnB,用这一碳含量远低于传统弹簧钢(如60Si_2Mn)的新弹簧钢33SiMnB制造的载重汽车板簧、铁路轨枕弹条等弹性制件,不但综合力学性能优于传统弹簧钢制成的相同制件,而且在冶金厂的钢材生产过程和机械厂的制簧生产过程中都显出成品率高、能耗率低等诸多优点。     

二羟基苯氧基硅烷合成途径设计及产物表征

用Hyperchem 7.0软件的半经验分子轨道法(Semi-empirical-AM1)和分子力学(Molecular Dynamics)法计算了二羟基苯氧基硅烷不同合成过程反应的焓变,对反应途径进行优选,计算了产物的IR谱图,并与实验结果进行了对比。研究表明,以对苯二酚与二乙氧基硅烷进行反应制备二羟基苯氧基硅烷在热力学上是有利的,可得到目标产物;Hyperchem 7.0软件用于新型有机硅化合物合成途径优化及产物表征具有一定的应用价值。     

海洋低频电场传感器敏感电极材料的选择

选择了9种不同的电极材料,根据海洋环境下低频、极低频电场的自身特点,通过直流电阻、交流阻抗、电极对极差漂移3个方面对电极性能进行了测试,研究了其用于海洋环境低频电场弱信号探测的可行性,筛选出了适合海洋环境低频电场测量的电极材料,并从理论上进行了解释.结果表明,固态Ag/AgCl电极的直流电阻和交流阻抗均较小,且其极差漂移可控制在μV级,具有优良的极化效应和较低的极差漂移,是海洋环境低频电场探测的敏感电极材料.     

The effect of sintering and cooling process on geometry distortion and mechanical properties transition of PTFE/Al reactive materials

In this research, the effect of the sintering and cooling process on geometry distortion and mechanical properties of PTFE/Al reactive material is investigated. Six particularly selected sintering temperatures, three different cooling modes (annealing cooling, normalizing cooling and rapid cooling), three different initial cooling temperatures, as well as six different final cooling temperatures were designed to compare the effects of sintering temperature, cooling rate, initial cooling temperature and final cooling temperature on the properties of reactive materials. Geometry distortion was quantitatively analyzed by a statistic on the dimensional changes of the specimens and microscopic morphology. A mechanical response properties transition from brittle to ductile was found and analyzed. By combining the thermodynamic properties of PTFE and unsteady heat conduction theory, mechanisms of cooling induced morphology change, temperature induced distortion and strength decrease were obtained. The results showed that the cooling rate has the most significant effect on the morphology transformation, while initial cooling temperature has more significant effect on the dimensional distortion than final cooling temperature. As to the mechanical properties transition from brittle to plastic, a more prominent effect of initial cooling temperature than cooling rate and final temperature was revealed.     

纤维缠绕复合材料夹芯圆柱体高应变率压缩吸能机理

为研究纤维缠绕复合材料夹芯圆柱体吸能元件在高应变率冲击压缩载荷作用下的变形损伤模式和能量吸收机理,采用ABAQUS商用有限元软件和分离式Hopkinson压杆装置开展数值模拟分析和试验验证研究。对比分析宏观力学响应规律和微观损伤破坏机理,可知吸能结构元件在高应变率压缩载荷下的力学响应具有典型的弹塑性特征,内部芯材主要产生压缩塑性损伤,而表层复合材料沿环向产生拉伸断裂破坏。研究表明,该吸能元件冲击压缩吸能特性优异,可满足水下结构平台的冲击防护和浮力储备要求。     

Forced displacement and behavioral change: an empirical study of returnee households in the Nuba Mountains

We use a unique data-set gathered during a short-lived interwar period in the Nuba Mountains of Sudan to compare characteristics of the households returning after the conflict with those that stayed in their communities of origin. We found that returning households seemed to face worse economic conditions, particularly in the case of female-headed returnee households. Nevertheless, our results show that returnees tend to perform better on different health indicators. Using a detailed set of variables about hygiene and sanitary habits, we explore the hypothesis that the latter result may be related to changes in attitudes given the distinct experiences during displacement. We show that returnees are indeed more likely to adopt these measures.     

数据挖掘在器材保障决策支持中的应用研究

针对器材保障现状,运用数据挖掘技术,探索器材保障决策支持问题.设计了器材保障决策支持系统中数据挖掘应用的解决方案,该方案包括了项目规划和应用设计,并以器材平时消耗预测为例,运用多元回归模型算,法进行了挖掘实现.数据挖掘为保障决策提供了更加丰富和科学的信息,可以较好地满足器材保障决策支持的需要.     

土壤参数改变对火炮射击性能影响的仿真研究

建立某型火炮的虚拟样机模型,通过改变土质介质刚度,形成了不同的土质情况,并在此基础上进行火炮发射仿真试验,测取火炮炮架间关键部位的受力情况及炮口中心点在炮口平面内的位移情况,将仿真结果进行对比分析,研究土质变化对火炮射击性能的影响。     

当代西方城市安全观念变迁

城市安全问题伴随着城市的产生而出现,近年来随着城市化进程在全球范围迅猛推进,城市安全问题显得尤为重要与紧迫。资本、人口向城市大量集聚,城市物质空间结构和城市社会结构巨变,城市整体建成环境及其依托的自然生态环境恶化趋势明显,城市安全脆弱度增大,当代城市安全面临新的挑战。西方发达国家对当代城市安全问题的新动向极为关注,对城市安全观念作了深入全面的拓展研究。从城市安全动态发展的视角,对相关文献进行梳理与总结,考察当代西方城市安全观念研究变迁态势,以期为我国城市安全问题的研究深化提供有益的借鉴和启示,推动我国城市化进程的健康和可持续发展。     

一步法制备石蜡微胶囊的中试研究及性能表征

采用一步法在100L反应釜内进行石蜡微胶囊制备的中试,表征了石蜡微胶囊的微胶囊化率、粒径和热性能,探讨了中试工艺对产品性能的影响。结果表明中试产品与实验室小试产品的性能基本接近。中试石蜡微胶囊的微胶囊化率为70％,平均粒径为54．0μm,相变范围为40～80℃,相变峰值和热焓分别为65℃,114J／g,分解温度达250℃。