谈现代反潜作战平台对我军潜艇作战的影响及对策

反潜作战是现代战争中一种重要的作战样式,是决定战争胜负的重要因素之一.通过详细讨论现代反潜作战中主要的武器平台及对我潜艇作战的影响,提出了我军在未来可能的反"台独"作战中潜艇作战的3种主要战法.     

二元论下行为概念的分层建构

行为在犯罪论体系中具有重要地位,行为概念本身也具有限定、统一和结合的机能。存在论立场得出的概念难以涵纳过失行为和不作为行为,而以价值论为立场得出的概念虽然具有更强的解释力,但缺乏对象性的客体事实,难以实现刑法的保障机能。以存在论和价值论的哲学联系为出发点,以可控制条件说为内核,从事实层面到价值层面建构不同外延的行为概念更有利于发挥行为概念的各种机能,也有利于维护刑法的基本原则,适应理论和实践的需要。     

The Taliban's ‘military courts’

The Taliban's ‘code of conduct’, which lists rules of discipline for the fighters, has been widely discussed, but do the Taliban try to implement it? This article discusses the structures that the Taliban have put in place for this purpose and their evolution over the years. It assesses that while the Taliban's ‘military justice’ system is still work in progress, the fact that it has attracted a significant investment in human resources bears witness to a serious intent of the leadership. However, the Taliban's concern with the behaviour of their fighting force is driven by their own political calculus, not by any sympathy for the international law of conflict.     

Human conflict and universal ethics (part 2)

This second part of the review article begins with a definition of military power, when and how it should be used. From a large number of authors, “moral forces” are linked to “codes of conduct”, and the fundamental understandings about the “profession of arms”, based on “fiduciary trust”, “covenanted” service and professional and personal “conscience”. The article covers what authors have written about “culture” and the ethics of “technology” devices and systems, including “cyber” warfare. It concludes with recognition of the increase in ethical sensitivity in this century which is characterized by a phenomenon, the crises of “identity”, personal, national and global.     

地震灾害应急救援队行动准则初探

从地震灾害的形成和影响地震灾害大小的因素入手,探讨地震灾害应急救援队能力界定的要素、衡量标准、影响因素等问题,规范了地震灾害救援的程序、搜救行动的持续时间、救援过程中的行动要求、救援过程中注意的事项和救援过程中二次伤害的预防等行动准则,目的是提升地震灾害救援队救援能力。     

The UK defence electronics industry: adjusting to change

The electronics industry provides components and capabilities that are critical to modern defence requirements. It is anticipated that the effectiveness of both weapons systems and the command and control network that supports military operations will become increasingly dependent upon the electronics sub‐systems they employ in the future. With the ascendancy of ‘network centric warfare’, it seems certain that defence electronics will continue to grow in importance in the future, enabling far‐reaching advances in military capability and efficiency. Yet little is known about the structure, conduct, performance and competitiveness of the UK defence electronics sector as it prepares to meet the challenges ahead. This paper reports the findings of a study commissioned in 2002 by Intellect, the UK defence electronics trade association, and supported by the Department of Trade and Industry. The UK defence electronics industry is found to be a high technology, R&D‐intensive and decreasing cost industry, which is competitive in world defence markets. The UK industry faces major competitive threats in the future from established US and European firms and from potential new entrants from China, India, Israel, Singapore, South Korea and Turkey. The future competitiveness of the UK defence electronics industry will depend on maintaining both technical advantage and open access to the large US market.     

MANAGING BIORISKS:

The misuse of biological research is increasingly becoming a prominent policy concern. One regulatory measure that has gained considerable support over the last few years in response to this is voluntary self-governance by the scientific community, and in particular codes of conduct. This article charts the rise of the policy debate on codes, highlighting the involvement of the scientific community. Shifting the focus from policy to practice, it explores the effectiveness of codes of conduct as a regulatory measure by examining our experiences of how another voluntary self-governance regime in the biosciences has worked in practice. Noting limitations with voluntary self-governance as a regulatory tool to prevent misuse, this article includes a reflection on the attention paid to codes of conduct in policy discussions, arguing that there are at least three possible interpretations.