关于设置《中国屯垦经济史》课程的分析

在中国经济史课程中,屯垦经济史一直是作为农业经济的一个组成部分而占有较小的份量。作为有着屯垦戍边传统地区的高校,尤其需要在中国屯垦经济史教学和研究领域加大力度,特别是建立独立的中国屯垦经济史课程进行教学,这不仅可以使学生了解在两千年来的西北边疆屯垦和戍边史上屯垦经济所发挥的重要作用,而且可以进一步加深其对在国家战略西向中兵团经济发展所具有的重要意义的理解,并且,在课程建设和完善的基础上,逐步突出该课程的地域特色和学习价值,并进一步将其建设成国家的精品课程。     

The economic effects of international trade in armaments in the major western industrialized and developing countries†

We have used the Michigan Model of World Production and Trade to assess the impact of exports and imports of armaments (based on 1980 data) on sectoral trade and employment and other economic variables in the major Western trading countries. If the United States were to place a unilateral embargo on its arms exports and imports, we calculate that it would experience a comparatively small amount of employment displacement in the aggregate and that most of this displacement would occur in the transport equipment and electric machinery sectors. If all the major Western countries were to place a multilateral embargo on their arms trade, the sectoral effects on the United States would be similarly small. But the sectoral effects in several other industrialized and developing countries measured as a percentage of sectoral employment, would be larger, indicating potential short‐run adjustment problems in labor markets in some cases.     

兵团城镇化建设与经济发展的思路

文章系统分析了城镇化建设的意义,兵团在城镇化建设过程中得到制约因素及其存在的问题。提出了兵团城镇化发展的思路和城镇化对兵团经济发展的作用。     

提高企业信用的经济价值认识,加强企业信用建设

现代市场经济是信用经济,而企业信用是其中最重要的组成部分,由于我国企业缺乏对企业信用经济价值的充分认识,企业信用严重缺失,严重制约了企业经济发展。提高企业对企业信用经济价值的认识,加强企业信用建设,才能适应经济发展的需要,提高企业竞争能力。     

Determination of burn‐in parameters and residual life for highly reliable products

Today, many products are designed and manufactured to function for a long period of time before they fail. Determining product reliability is a great challenge to manufacturers of highly reliable products with only a relatively short period of time available for internal life testing. In particular, it may be difficult to determine optimal burn‐in parameters and characterize the residual life distribution. A promising alternative is to use data on a quality characteristic (QC) whose degradation over time can be related to product failure. Typically, product failure corresponds to the first passage time of the degradation path beyond a critical value. If degradation paths can be modeled properly, one can predict failure time and determine the life distribution without actually observing failures. In this paper, we first use a Wiener process to describe the continuous degradation path of the quality characteristic of the product. A Wiener process allows nonconstant variance and nonzero correlation among data collected at different time points. We propose a decision rule for classifying a unit as normal or weak, and give an economic model for determining the optimal termination time and other parameters of a burn‐in test. Next, we propose a method for assessing the product's lifetime distribution of the passed units. The proposed methodologies are all based only on the product's initial observed degradation data. Finally, an example of an electronic product, namely contact image scanner (CIS), is used to illustrate the proposed procedure. © 2002 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Naval Research Logistics, 2003     

狮子搏兔,亦用全力——谈《水浒传》对几个小情节的处理

《水浒传》的情节所体现出的作者的艺术造诣,一直为读者和批评家津津乐道。对于三个女人的情节,体现了现代文学理论的设计理念,值得我们重视。本文试从因果逻辑这一规律来考察这三个相似情节中的相异性,从中我们可以看出作者深厚的艺术功底。     

乌昌地区极化效应影响分析

乌昌经济一体化是新疆维吾尔自治区党委基于现实情况做出的区域经济发展的战略,该战略以其前所未有的发展促进了民族地区经济的发展。该文在极化理论的指导下分析了乌昌地区的扩散作用和回流作用,并对这些作用进行总结性分析。     

土壤源-湖水源热泵系统及工程应用实例

由于土壤源、湖水源热泵的应用受到地理条件、初投资等因素的制约,某些地区更适宜采用土壤源-湖水源的混合式热泵系统。以某工程应用为例,分别从性能系数、初投资及运行费用3个方面分析证明了采用混合式热泵系统的可行性。结果表明,混合式热泵系统的初投资虽然较大,但通过节约运行费用,在较短年限内可收回增加的成本,并且可以减少废水废气的排放。因此,在合适的地区可以推广使用土壤源-湖水源的混合式热泵系统。     

试析解放初期新疆解放军工业之经济基础

解放初期中央和地方政府均无力投资新疆工业,解放军在缺衣少食的情况下发展了大批现代工业,其经济基础是自给立足、军费节约、个人积蓄和无偿劳动.     

A drive to regime change through nonviolent economic warfare: The post-Mugabe era, 2017–2019

ABSTRACT

This article examines efforts made by the Movement for Democratic Change Alliance to bring about regime change through nonviolent economic warfare including its subsequent failure. The 30 July 2018 harmonised elections in Zimbabwe led to a victory by Emmerson Mnangagwa but it was disputed by Nelson Chamisa. Since August 2018, the political opposition led by Chamisa sought to make the country ungovernable by waging a nonviolent economic war nicknamed Kuzvidira jecha (pouring sand) against the Mnangagwa administration. This was punctuated by price hikes, fluctuation of the local currency, artificial food stuff price hikes and fuel shortages which caused serious challenges for most Zimbabweans. This was primarily intended to bring about regime change via public unrest against the Mnangagwa regime. On the contrary, the anticipated public uproar failed to foster regime change in Zimbabwe despite widespread adverse socio-economic effects. This led to the nonviolent participants resorting to violent tactics instead of adhering to nonviolence. Consequently, it was the failure to adhere to nonviolent principles by opposition advocates which forced the Mnangagwa regime to deploy its own instruments of violence in an effort to protect lives and property.