典型线性火工分离装置作用过程数值模拟及试验研究

针对目前线性火工分离装置的优化设计主要依靠试验验证,成本高且设计优化迭代慢的问题,采用任意拉格朗日-欧拉方法建立典型线性火工分离装置的数值模型。通过火工分离试验和光子多普勒测速试验对上述数值模型进行验证,发现该数值模型具有较好的精度。使用该模型研究上述火工分离装置分离瞬态过程的力学机理,并定量分析多种因素对分离装置重点部位等效塑性应变等关键特征量的影响。研究发现,芯药线密度、分离板削弱槽底部的圆角半径对分离装置的作用过程有重大影响。此外,保护罩材质、削弱槽开口角度、分离板槽结构尺寸等因素对分离过程也有一定影响,但其影响相对较小。研究结果可以为典型线性火工分离装置的优化设计提供基础。

Numerical and experimental study of functioning of typical linear pyrotechnic separation device

At present, the optimal design of linear pyrotechnic separation device mostly depends on experiments, which is not only costly but also low efficient. Herein, a numerical model was developed with arbitrary Lagrangian-Eulerian method for a typical linear pyrotechnic separation device. The numerical model was validated via pyrotechnic separation experiments and photonic Doppler velocimetry, and it was found to have reasonable accuracy. The model was applied to study the mechanical mechanism of the transient separation process of the pyrotechnic separation device. The influence of multiple factors on the critical characteristic parameters was also studied quantitatively, such as effective plastic strain of the key areas of the device. It is found that the linear density of the detonating cord and the bottom radius of the v-notch of the separation plate have significant influence on the separation process. In addition, the material of the protection plate, the angle of the v-notch and the dimension of the rectangular notch of the separation plate also have a certain influence on the separation process, however, the influence is less than that exerted by the linear density of the detonating cord and the bottom radius of the v-notch. The study can provide a foundation for optimal design of the typical linear pyrotechnic separation device.