慢刀伺服加工环曲面的刀具路径规划方法

如何规划刀具路径、进而获得高质量的数控加工代码,是应用慢刀伺服技术加工环曲面的关键技术之一。提出了基于等距面规划刀位点轨迹的刀具路径规划方法,推导了外凸环曲面的面形方程及其等距面方程,对比分析了两种导动曲线及两种数据点离散方法,优选了刀具路径规划方案,应用VB.net语言编写了慢刀伺服加工环曲面用数控代码生成软件,在Vericut平台上对数控代码进行了仿真验证,直观地展示了虚拟加工面相对理论曲面的残留区域,仿真结果验证了方法的可行性。结果表明:将外凸环曲面方程中的非一次常数项a变为a+r_d,即得到外凸环曲面的等距面方程;所提刀具路径规划方法适用于慢刀伺服加工外凸环曲面;该方法对应用慢刀伺服技术加工其他面型的光学镜面具有借鉴价值。

Tool path planning method for machining toric surface based on slow tool servo technology

How to plan the tool path and obtain high-quality CNC(computer numerical control) code is one of the key techniques for machining the toric surface with slow tool servo technology. A tool path planning method based on equidistant surfaces was proposed. The surface equations of the toric surface and its equidistant surface equations were derived. Two kinds of guiding curves and two discrete methods were compared and analyzed. Optimized scheme of the tool path planning was selected. The NC code generation software for machining toric surface with the slow tool servo technology was developed by using VB.net language. The generated NC code was verified based on the Vericut CNC machining simulation platform. The residual area of the virtual machined surface relative to the theoretical surface was intuitively shown. Simulation results show that the tool path planning method based on equidistant surfaces is feasible. The results show that by changing the non-primary term of the toric surface equation from a to a+r_d, its equidistant surface equation can be obtained. The tool path planning method based on equidistant surfaces is suitable for machining convex-toric surface using slow tool servo technology. The proposed method has some reference values for processing optical elements having other surface shapes by slow tool servo technology.