基于3D打印的可移植人体外耳支架关键技术研究*

耳廓缺损是临床常见疾病，使用患者自体肋软骨雕刻为耳支架并植入缺损耳皮下是目前的主要治疗方法。该方法对手术者提出很高的技术要求，雕刻的外耳支架无法精确还原患者耳廓形状，同时肋软骨的切除会对患者带来并发症。本文探索使用医用硅胶制作患者个体外耳支架的关键技术，使用CT和逆向建模技术得到对应患者个体的外耳数字模型，利用3D打印技术制造人体外耳支架模具，并使用医用硅胶MED 4735完成人体外耳支架的制作成型。动物实验验证了其生物相容性，证明了该方法的可行性。通过该技术制作的硅胶人体外耳支架可以高度模仿患者特定的耳廓形状，支架精度高，制造周期短，无生物排异，可为替代肋软骨雕刻人体外耳支架进行耳廓缺损治疗提供依据。

Research on Key Technology of Transplantable Human Auricular Scaffold Based on 3D Printing

Auricular deformity is a commonly seen illness in clinic. Autologous tissue transplanting is the most frequently used treatment for this disease. This surgery is technique demanding, whereas the sculptured scaffold is incapable of highly imitating the complex structure of auricle, and complication may also occur because of the remove of costal cartilage. This paper proposed to replace the sculptured scaffold with an artificial silicon-made one. CT scan and reversed modeling were used to obtain the digital auricular model, and 3D printing technology was utilized to manufacture the mold of auricular scaffold, and medical silicon MED 4735 was used as the material of the scaffold. Animal experiments were then implemented to examine the biocompatibility of the scaffold. The scaffold made by these technologies highly imitated a normal auricle, with high accuracy, short manufacturing cycle, and no immune rejection, which provided basis for further clinical human experiments.