伞衣优化设计对群伞系统气动特性的影响分析

随着载人航天、深空探测等航天任务的蓬勃发展,航天器回收载荷质量大幅提高,以单具降落伞为功能核心的传统减速系统已不能满足大质量回收载荷日益提高的迫切要求,发展群伞减速着陆系统是实现大载重航天器高效减速和无损着陆要求的发展方向。本文采用数值模拟手段对群伞系统的气动特性开展仿真研究,结合环帆伞构型优化设计,分析了多种构型下群伞系统的气动特性。通过对仿真结果进行流场分析和数据对比发现,开窗/开缝设计既能够确保群伞系统具有良好的阻力特性,又能够维持群伞系统的工作稳定性,避免单伞之间由于受力而发生碰撞现象。采用数值仿真手段不仅可以提高降落伞研制效率,降低研发成本,也为设计人员掌握群伞系统的工作原理、促进降落伞设计理论发展提供了有力保证。

Analysis of the influence of canopy optimization design on aerodynamic characteristics of cluster parachute system

With the vigorous development of manned spaceflight, deep space exploration and other space missions, spacecraft recovery quality has been greatly improved, the traditional deceleration system with a single parachute as the core of increasing mass recovery load, the development of cluster parachute system is to achieve the high-efficiency deceleration of large-duty spacecraft and non-destructive landing requirements of the development direction. In this paper, the pneumatic characteristics of the cluster parachute system are simulated by numerical simulation method, and the pneumatic characteristics of various configuration lower cluster parachute system are studied in combination with the optimized design of the ring-sail parachute configuration. Through the simulation results of flow field analysis and data comparison, it is found that the window/gap design can not only maintain the drag characteristics of the cluster parachute system, but also ensure the stability of the cluster parachute system, and avoid the collision between the single parachute due to force. Using numerical simulation can not only improve the efficiency of parachute development and reduce the cost of research development, but also provide a strong guarantee for designers to master the working principle of cluster parachute system and promote the development of parachute design theory.