利用加热减小水下航行器阻力的研究

如何减小表面摩擦阻力来增大航速一直是人们关心的问题,利用推进系统排放的废热加热航行器壳体的层流区可以大大减小水下航行器的阻力。本文计算了加热某型鱼雷的阻力变化,分析了阻力变化对航速和能耗的影响。对某型鱼雷,动力系统热效率为35%,在航速为26米/秒,阻力可减小42.3%,在保持相同能耗情况下,加热后的航速可增加20.1%;如果保持航速为26米/秒不变,加热后的鱼雷能耗可减小42.3%。

An Investigation of the Drag Reduction of Underwater Vehicle by Heating

The drag of undwater vehicle is usually divided into two kinds:pressure or form drag and viscous drag.They directly affect the velocity of the vehicle.The viscous drag of a slender streamlined under- water vehicle takes up a large proportion of the total drag.It might be said that how to reduce the vis- cous drag so as to increase the velocity of vehicle is the key to the problem.The drag of underwater ve- hicle can be largely reduced if the laminar portion of the vehicle hull are heated by the rejected heat of the propulsion system.This paper calculates the change of drag of a heated underwater vehicle and analyses its effects on the velocity and the energy consumption.