流动危险源泄漏事故应急疏散决策优化

在流动危险源泄漏事故中,如何根据流动危险源的危险特性,快速制定最优疏散决策,使应急疏散的成本最低是现场指挥人员急需解决的重要问题。在分析讨论疏散范围、疏散人员、疏散方式、疏散路径、避难场所等影响应急疏散决策因素的基础上,采用线性规划方法,建立了应急疏散的优化模型。以运输液氯槽车泄漏事故为例,研究危险区域的人员疏散,并利用Lingo软件对优化模型进行了求解,得到了应急疏散的最佳方案。研究结果对消防部队有效地指导疏散救人行动具有参考价值。

On the Optimization of Emergency Evacuation Decision-making of Flow Hazards' Leakage

In case of flow hazards＇ leakage,there is a serious problem for the local commanders to promptly make the optimal emergency evacuation decision-making based on characters of flow hazards to minimize the cost of the evacuation to solve the problem.Firstly,this paper discusses the major factors influencing decision-making including evacuation region,evacuation quantity,evacuation mode,evacuation route,the refuge.Secondly,it generalizes the major factors influencing decision-making and interrelations as linear programming model by means of linear programming.Finally,taking liquid chlorine leakage for a case study,the optimized evacuation scheme has been gained through the model by Lingo Software.Its results provide references for Fire Force to effectively guide the evacuation and rescue.