基于纠缠交换的量子安全通信协议

基于纠缠交换和Einstein-Podolsky-Rosen纠缠对,提出一种量子安全直接通信协议和一种多方量子秘密共享协议。量子安全直接通信协议利用光子分组传输方法,与现有协议不同的是通信方可以直接将秘密消息编码为四个Bell态之一,从而不需要在保证量子信道的安全之后再对秘密消息编码。在多方量子秘密共享协议中,通信方以一定的概率选择检测模式和编码模式。协议的实现只需要Einstein-Podolsky-Rosen对而不需要制备多粒子纠缠态。与已有的协议相比较,该协议不需要局域幺正操作,协议的效率得到了显著提高。两个协议的安全性均等同于BBM92协议的安全性。

Quantum Secure Communication Protocols on the Basis of Entanglement Swapping

A quantum secure direct communication protocol and a multiparty quantum secret sharing protocol based on Einstein-Podolsky-Rosen pairs and entanglement swapping are presented.The present quantum secure direct communication protocol makes use of the ideal of block transmission.Different from the proposed quantum secure direct communication protocols,the sender can encode one's secret message as one of the four Bell states without ensuring the security of the quantum channel firstly.In the multiparty quantum secret sharing protocol,the communication parties adopt checking mode or encoding mode with some probability.It does not need multi-particles entangled state but only Einstein-Podolsky-Rosen pair to realize the protocol.Compared with the proposed quantum secret sharing protocol with entanglement swapping,it is unnecessary for the protocol to perform local unitary operation.The efficiency for the protocol is greatly improved.The securities for both the protocols are the same as that for BBM92 protocol.