基于粒子群优化算法的平流层飞艇总体设计

平流层飞艇总重最小化能一定程度上反映总费用最低的设计目标，满足有效载荷功率需求是飞艇总体设计的出发点和落脚点。本文在飞艇参数建模中引入了太阳电池曲面铺装模型以及昼夜能源闭环模型；以整艇重量最小为设计目标，以昼夜能源供需平衡、浮重平衡、推阻平衡三大平衡问题为约束条件，运用粒子群优化（PSO）算法对飞艇的外形尺寸参数进行优化设计；分析了有效载荷功率需求和功率密度对于飞艇总体设计结果的敏感性。分析结果表明：（1）飞艇总重随有效载荷功率线性增加；（2）飞艇总重随有效载荷功率密度增加而迅速减小，但变化率逐渐变小，飞艇总重趋于稳定。最后，能源系统仿真的结果表明了飞艇总体设计方法的有效性和设计结果的临界特性。

Conceptual Design of Stratospheric Airship Based on PSO Algorithm

Minimizing the total weight of a stratospheric airship reflects the design object of lowest total cost to a certain extent. To meet the power requirement of payload is the springboard and goal for the conceptual design of the airship. In this paper, the model of paving solar cells on curved surface and the model of energy-closed loop during day and night are introduced in the parametric modeling of the airship. The Particle Swarm Optimization (PSO) algorithm is used to optimize the parameters of outside size. The design object is to find a feasible airship, which is with minimum total mass and satisfies the constrains including three balances: the balance between the energy supply and the energy requirement, the balance between mass and buoyancy, and the balance between drag ant thrust. The sensitivity of the optimization results with different requirement of payload power and payload specific power is analyzed. The analysis results showed that (1) the total airship weight increases linearly with the payload power requirement; (2) the total airship weight decreases steeply with the payload specific power, but the change rate of the total weight also decreases, and the total weight tends to stable. At last, the results of energy system simulation indicate the validity of the conceptual design method, as well as the critical characteristics of the design results.