有限维修能力下多级保障系统装备时变可用度评估及保障方案优化

备件库存和站点维修能力是影响备件维修周转的重要因素，制约装备使用效果。针对备件需求随任务阶段动态变化的装备保障方案评估和优化问题，考虑站点维修能力对备件维修过程的影响，结合METRIC建模方法和动态排队理论，建立了有限维修能力下多级保障系统装备时变可用度评估模型。在评估模型基础之上，以保障费用为优化目标，装备可用度为约束条件，建立了任务期内多级保障系统保障方案优化模型。以任务期内的最低可用度所对应的备件短缺数为观测值，分析了各项资源的边际效益值，采用边际优化算法对各项资源进行优化计算。算例分析表明，评估模型能够计算多级保障系统任务期内各阶段装备可用度；保障方案优化模型和方法能够得到各项保障资源的优化配置方案。提出的模型和优化方法能够为装备保障人员制定合理的保障方案提供决策支持。

Evaluation for Equipment Time-varying Availability and Support Project Optimization for Multi-echelon Support System with Finite Repair Capacity

The spare parts inventory and repair capacity of department are important factors to influence the process of maintenance turnover for spare part, and it restricts the use effect of equipment. Aim at the support project evaluation and optimization when the demand of spare parts is dynamic as the mission phases, considering the influence of repair capacity to spare parts repair process, an evaluation model of time-varying availability is set up for the multi-echelon support system with finite repair capacity based on the METRIC methodology and dynamic queuing theory. And then, on the basis of the evaluation model, an optimization model for the support project of multi-echelon support system during the mission phases is proposed. The minimum availability of the whole mission is taken as observation value and the margin optimization is used to get the optimized project for each resource. In a given example, the availability value for different mission phases can be given by the evaluation model, and the optimized project of resources for the multi-echelon support system is obtained by the optimization model and method. The proposed models and optimization method can provide decision support to equipment support staff for rational support project.