管道超声导波无损检测技术应用研究

利用研制的磁致伸缩超声导波无损检测装置对长直无缝钢管、舰用锅炉U型管和弯管进行了大量试验研究.研究发现,通过对该装置中磁致伸缩传感器的放置位置及方向进行适当调整,此装置即可在管道中激发纵向导波;该技术对管道壁厚减薄、磨损或腐蚀、裂纹、焊缝等缺陷同样具有检测能力;选择低频(20~40 kHz)激励脉冲信号有利于减少波的发散特性和提高缺陷的检测能力;导波在管道中传播衰减缓慢,适用于长距离、大范围、快速、非接触管道检测.

Application of ultrasonic guided wave nondestructive testing of pipes

The investigations on the long seamless steel pipe,ship U-type boiler tube and bending pipe are carried out by using the developed instruments based on the magnetostrictive ultrasonic guided wave nondestructive testing.It is found that the generated waves are mainly the longitudinal guided waves due to the position and direction arrangement of magnetostrictivesensors in this instruments;this technology can detectthe defects such as the wall thinning,wear,corrosion,crack,weld line,and so on;the low frequency(20~40 kHz) tone-burst pulses are chosen to reduce the dispersion of guidedwave and improve the defect detectability;the attenuation variation of guided wave propagating in the pipes is slow,which are suitable tolong distance,large range,non-contact,and quick inspection of defects in pipes.