基于Simulink的磨损火炮内弹道仿真

火炮内弹道性能直接决定火炮的首发命中率和首群覆盖率,为提高高膛压滑膛坦克炮射击效果,补偿因烧蚀磨损造成的内弹道性能下降,在分析火炮烧蚀磨损内弹道学理论的基础上,建立了基于烧蚀磨损的滑膛坦克炮内弹道数学模型和基于MATLAB/Simulink的内弹道仿真模型。对滑膛坦克炮内弹道进行了数值模拟,得到了不同烧蚀磨损情况下火炮内弹道性能的变化曲线,将仿真结果与实验数据进行了分析比较,结果表明:仿真结果与实验数据基本吻合。验证了模型的可行性,仿真结果可为磨损火炮的内弹道性能修正提供参考,同时,基于Simulink的内弹道仿真模型的建立更有利于后续模型的工程化应用,可实现与硬件设备的紧密结合,为烧蚀磨损火炮内弹道性能的研究应用提供了新思路。     

基于改进差分进化算法的内弹道参数优化

火炮内弹道参数直接影响其计算结果,内弹道参数优化设计是内弹道分析计算的重要环节。基于经典内弹道计算模型,以火药内弹道计算中最为敏感的燃速指数及其燃速系数为设计参量,以最大膛压及弹丸初速的计算值与测试值一致性为目标,对差分进化算法群体的初始化、变异因子及变异模式进行了改进,对某型火炮的内弹道参数进行了优化计算。优化设计结果表明改进后的差分进化算法满足内弹道设计工程实践要求,为内弹道参数优化设计提供了一种有效的算法。     

某加农炮身管内膛烧蚀磨损对内弹道性能的影响

通过对某加农炮的身管烧蚀磨损特征数据进行分析整理,确定了身管烧蚀磨损特征面,采用了多特征面来表述火炮内弹道性能变化。将该研究方法具体用于某加农炮身管特性的研究,建立了该加农炮的内弹道性能与其身管内膛烧蚀磨损特征量之间的关系模型。     

基于MacCormack法的膨胀波火炮内弹道数值模拟

为了简单准确地求出膨胀波火炮的内弹道参数,建立了符合MacCormack格式的膨胀波火炮一维均相流内弹道模型,通过MacCormack法进行求解,得到开闩和不开闩状态下的膨胀波火炮的压力、速度曲线,并给出了经典内弹道在开闩和不开闩条件下的压力、速度曲线.通过结果对比,证明了MacCormack内弹道模型的正确性,MacCormack法求得开闩下的弹丸初速比平均压力法求得的更准确.计算出膨胀波火炮膛内压力、速度、密度、温度等内弹道参数的分布规律,真实地再现了膨胀波在膛内的流动过程.本次计算结果可作为膨胀波火炮的结构设计和后坐效率的基础.     

火炮身管寿命分析与计算

分析了射击时弹丸挤进过程 ,建立了弹丸初速下降量与炮膛内膛磨损量计算模型 ,并以某火炮为实例计算了该炮弹丸初速下降量与炮膛内膛磨损量之间变化关系 ,分析了弹道峰现象 ,为身管寿命预测提供理论依据     

基于改进粒子群算法的火炮内弹道多参数符合计算

为了研究火炮在发射过程中膛内火药燃烧规律以及弹丸运动规律,需要建立火炮内弹道数学模型并进行数值求解,在此过程中对部分内弹道参数进行符合计算是优化内弹道模型的重要途经之一.在经典内弹道方程组的基础上,阐述了经典内弹道计算原理,并对基本粒子群算法进行了改进,使改进后的粒子群算法在迭代初期有较大的惯性权重ω和学习因子c1以及较小的学习因子c2,而在迭代后期有较小的惯性权重ω和学习因子c1以及较大的学习因子c2,从而有效地避免粒子群陷入局部最优而导致收敛精度低的缺陷.将改进后的粒子群算法应用于火炮内弹道多参数符合计算,算例结果表明该方法完全满足工程实际要求,具有收敛速度快、符合精度高的特性,是火炮内弹道多参数符合计算的理想算法之一.     

弹丸被甲材料对步枪精度影响分析

为了研究弹丸被甲材料对枪械射击的影响,分别用H90铜被甲弹和覆铜钢被甲弹进行射击实验,试验得到了不同弹药对应的枪口初速、100 m处射击精度;根据试验结果,建立了弹丸挤进模型;通过仿真计算可得出结论:弹丸被甲的材料不同而使其对应的挤进压力不同,导致内弹道计算结果的不同、弹丸初速与转速出现差异,为步枪精度分析提供一定的参考。     

考虑火药中钝感剂含量分布的内弹道计算

针对某新型弹药弹道性能检测的需要,利用气相色谱法对其发射药中钝感剂含量分布进行了测定,建立了考虑钝感剂含量分布的该新型火炮的内弹道模型。模型中钝感剂对弹道性能的影响是通过对火药燃速和火药力的影响来体现的。应用该模型对2个批次的弹药进行了内弹道计算,并对一定樟脑含量的火药内弹道性能进行了预测。计算结果表明,樟脑含量对最大膛压影响较大,但对初速的影响则不如膛压明显。     

超远程火炮安全装药多指标优化分析

通过计算分别建立了超远程火炮全装药和小号装药内弹道多目标(指标)优化模型,采用基于空间测度为标准的TOPSIS方法对方案进行了综合优化、排序,从而获得确保发射安全的满意装药方案。计算实例表明:TOPSIS方法是一种解多指标优化问题的有效方法,多指标优化模型可作为内弹道设计方案优化工具。     

非标准气象条件下火炮外弹道仿真

针对目前弹道仿真均建立在标准气象条件下,无法反映弹道真实情况这一问题,以非标准条件弹道模型为基础针对非标准气象条件改进了气温气压模型并建立了风场模型,应用Matlab/Simulink仿真工具构建对应的仿真模型,最后对某型火炮进行仿真验证并通过对仿真结果分析得出各种气象条件对弹道诸元的影响规律,揭示了气象因素与射击误差的关系,为新型火炮非标准气象条件下弹道研究、火炮模拟器弹道仿真开发以及部队实弹射击提供了参考依据。     

Dynamic analysis of a guided projectile during engraving process

The reliability of the electronic components inside a guided projectile is highly affected by the launch dynamics of guided projectile. The engraving process plays a crucial role on determining the ballistic performance and projectile stability. This paper analyzes the dynamic response of a guided projectile during the engraving process. By considering the projectile center of gravity moving during the engraving process, a dynamics model is established with the coupling of interior ballistic equations. The results detail the stress situation of a guided projectile band during its engraving process. Meanwhile, the axial dynamic response of projectile in the several milliseconds following the engraving process is also researched. To further explore how the different performance of the engraving band can affect the dynamics of guided projectile, this paper focuses on these two aspects: (a) the effects caused by the different band geometry; and (b) the effects caused by different band materials. The time domain and frequency domain responses show that the dynamics of the projectile are quite sensitive to the engraving band width. A material with a small modulus of elasticity is more stable than one with a high modulus of elasticity.     

坦克射击过程中炮膛内火药气体温度计算

坦克射击后出现炮膛内壁烧蚀及身管温度上升等问题，其首要因素为火药爆炸燃烧所产生的高温气体。应用内弹道零维模型，以空间平均热力学参数描述坦克射击过程中炮膛内弹道状态，采用四阶龙格一库塔法求解内弹道常微分方程组，计算出内弹道时期火药气体的压力、流速和温度等随时间的变化规律。应用指数函数拟合出后效期炮膛内火药气体温度公式，最后得到坦克整个射击过程中炮膛内火药气体温度的变化规律。通过计算结果与试验数据的对比，验证了计算结果的合理性。此计算结果可为坦克炮身管的烧蚀、热状况及红外辐射特性的研究提供理论依据。     

Design optimization for a launching system with novel structure

A launching system with novel structure using optimization method is investigated to improve the muzzle velocity of guns in this article. This system has two tandem chambers of which the front one is ignited first and the other is ignited after a while. The launching process of this novel system is modelled and a series of different schemes are simulated, to discover the interior ballistic performance of this novel launching system. In order to obtain the optimal loading conditions, an optimization model combined with the combustion model is established. The optimal schemes can improve the muzzle velocity by 20.6% without changing the parameters of barrel. It means that this novel launch system could improve the interior ballistics performance significantly and it still has considerable potential to be ameliorated.     

关于弹道气象误差的弹迹偏差分析

给出有指挥仪小口径炮对空着发射击条件下,非标准弹道气象修正误差所造成的弹迹偏差的数学模型及建模方法,并进行验算.为射击校正、射击效率分析和计算提供了有价值的参考.     

不用标准弹和弹道炮进行弹药弹道性能检验研究

本文针对目前实行的弹药弹道性能检验中遇到的困难,分析了弹药弹道性能检验中引起弹道性能变化的诸因素,提出了不用标准弹、不用弹道炮进行弹药弹道性能检验的新方法,依此设想,以130mm加农炮0号装药为试验对象进行了试验研究。     

A Study on Criteria for Barrel Lifetime

Several criteria for barrel lifetime were summarized and discussed. Based on large amount of test data,the advantages and disadvantages of the criteria were analyzed and the requirements for the easy and practical criterion were put forward. Then,a new criterion based on the radical wear at the start points of the barrel lands was proposed. The close interrelationship between the radical wear and interior ballistic characteristics was illuminated theoretically and experimentally. The research results show the great value of this criterion to solve the problem of barrel lifetime.     

火炮水弹试射内弹道学分析计算

根据水弹试射原理及水弹试射实践经验,应用火炮内弹道学理论,建立火炮水弹试射内弹道学模型,分析水弹试射的影响因素,并以某炮水弹试射为例进行仿真计算和膛压测试,计算结果与试验结果基本相符,为新型火炮水弹试射的参数获取提供理论依据.     

Research on Prediction Model for Erosion and Abrasion of Barrel Based on LSSVM

To predict the erosion and abrasion of high bore pressure tank gun barrel, the least square support vector machine (LSSVM) algorithm was used. Based on the gun firing test data, the prediction model for barrel's erosion and abrasion was established. It was adopted to predict the wear increment of gun barrel. The results show that the prediction values given by the model coincide with the measured data better, and the model can predict the barrel's wear accurately and rapidly.