建筑防排烟系统常见问题探析

结合工作实际,就防排烟系统设计、施工中的防排烟方式、加压送风系统设置、防烟分区、排烟系统漏风量、中庭烟气分层、补风口设置及走道防排烟设计等问题进行分析,并对如何提高防排烟系统的实际效果提出了建议.     

建筑防排烟系统存在问题及对策

结合火灾烟气蔓延扩散的客观规律和防排烟工程的实际状况，分析了建筑防排烟工程存在的几个共性问题及其危害，剖析了出现这些问题的根本原因，提出了尽快制定一部统一的《防排烟系统设计规范》、加强防排烟系统的设计、施工队伍监督管理和部件质量管理的对策。     

浅谈高层建筑竖向疏散通道防排烟问题

烟气毒害是阻碍人员疏散和实施救援行动、致使人员伤亡的主要原因之一,因此,做好高层建筑的防排烟设计,提高防排烟系统的实际效用,有着极其重要的意义。分析了高层建筑防排烟设计的重要性,并以竖向疏散通道防排烟系统设置为例,介绍了高层建筑防排烟设计工作中存在的问题以及相应的改善策略。     

地下建筑火灾烟气危害及对策探讨

地下建筑发生火灾时,烟气对人员的危害十分巨大。对地下建筑烟气流动规律、人员的安全疏散及其防排烟措施进行了探讨。     

大型家具商场防排烟设计探讨

以基本概念为基础，从应用技术角度出发，有针对性地对大型家具商场的排烟方式的选择、防烟分区的划分和排烟系统设计要点进行了分析，旨在探讨完善大型家具商场防排烟系统设计所需的必要条件，以期对大型家具商场防排烟设计、审核及施工管理等工作起到一定的帮助作用。     

排烟系统ASET预测结果性能化评估

在性能化设计评估中,需要通过火灾烟气模拟的方法来预测人员可用的安全疏散时间,而设计火灾场景时排烟系统的情况设置对预测结果有很大影响。以某商业防火分区中庭排烟系统是否失效来研究这个问题,从而进一步说明排烟系统正常工作对保证人员安全疏散的重要性。     

民用建筑自然排烟系统设计与应用

针对目前国内建筑自然排烟系统设备应用过程中出现的问题,结合北京市地方标准《自然排烟系统设计施工及验收规范》,重点说明自然排烟系统的设计要求、设备应用、性能分析,分析了自然排烟系统在设计、施工及验收阶段的衔接性和重要性,并结合国外的做法和国内的规范给出现阶段可行的做法。     

中庭防排烟系统性能化设计探析

阐述中庭防排烟性能化设计的具体过程 ,并对防排烟系统设计的运用进行举例。     

浅析内装修工程防排烟系统设计的常见问题

在内装修工程中,出于减少建设资金投入、缩短施工周期等原因,导致防排烟系统设置不当或者随意改动原有系统的情况时有发生,由此产生诸多不符合规范要求的隐患.结合工作中的案例对此问题进行分析,指出建设单位不重视、设计单位未严格按规范设计是产生问题的重要原因,在此基础上提出了相应的建议,以引起相关单位的重视.     

高层建筑消防设计有关问题探讨

随着高层建筑的不断涌现,高层建筑火灾也不断发生.针对高层建筑的火灾特点,结合技术法规与实际工程情况,从防火分区划分、消防给水、防排烟系统等几个方面对高层建筑的消防设计进行了探讨.     

Putin – the masked nemesis of the strategy of ambiguity

Recent events demonstrate the complex and adaptive approach employed by Russia to reassert influence in Europe. The changing face of Russia’s strategy commenced in 2007 when it launched a crippling cyber-attack against Estonia. This was followed by a large Russian conventional attack against Georgia in 2008, occupying two large areas of the nation. 2014 witnessed the Russian annexation of Crimea where in just a week, Russia seized control of Crimea “without firing a shot.” The annexation of Crimea was rapidly followed by a Russian inspired and led subversive war in eastern Ukraine. The common thread among these diverse Russian operations is its use of ambiguity to confound and confuse decision makers in the West.     

India's counter-insurgency experience: the ‘trust and nurture’ strategy

The Indian Army, a force trained primarily for conventional warfare, has been engaged in internal counter-insurgency operations since the 1950s. Despite such a long innings on a counter-insurgency mode, little attention has been accorded within military circles to doctrinal innovation for waging sub-conventional warfare in India's democratic political context. At best, the Army continues to view counter-insurgency duty as secondary to its primary duty of defending India from external conventional threats. By conceptualizing a counter-insurgency strategy of ‘trust and nurture’, this article aims to fill this critical doctrinal gap in India's military policy. The author argues that a counter-insurgency strategy of ‘trust and nurture’ based on democratic political culture, measured military methods, special counter-insurgency forces, local social and cultural awareness and an integrative nation-building approach will result in positive handling of India's internal security problems. The author utilizes India's counter-insurgency experiences in Assam, Mizoram, Nagaland, Punjab, and Operation ‘Sadhbhavana’ in Jammu and Kashmir as illustrative empirical indicants in order to validate the ‘trust and nurture’ strategy.     

Helping hands: civil–military cooperation and Italy's military operation abroad

In the Post-Bipolar Era the growing complexity of the military operations requires a new approach for the resolution of international crises. Since the end of the Cold War, peace support operations (PSO) have become the mainstay and principal occupation of most Western armies. At the same time, Italy has been one of the most important actors in such an area. The article focuses on the cooperation between military and civil components (a process called CIMIC) as a key variable in the Italian PSOs. We will analyse in detail the main lessons learned from past military interventions as well as the general context in which new tendencies are taking place. The maintaining of a minimum security frame becomes essential to fulfil activities ‘collateral’ to the mission: reconstructing services and infrastructure, food distribution, water and medication, law and order, de-mining, training of local forces, and supporting local institutions. These are the main tasks to obtain thrust and support from the population.     

Terrorism,insurgency, kidnapping,and security in Africa's energy sector

Energy continues to serve as the bedrock of modern economies and the main driver of modern society. For Africa, the production and supply of energy resources such as crude oil, natural gas, uranium, coal, biomass, biofuels and other renewables are an important source of employment, rents, taxes, royalties and profits. This sector brings in several tens of billions of dollars of revenue annually. The production and delivery of such resources, however, depend on critical infrastructures such as pipelines, refineries, processing plants, terminals, rigs, electrical energy pylons, substations, pump stations, vessels, and tankers. These infrastructures have been attacked by terrorists, insurgents, vandals and saboteurs, all of whom see them as targets against which to register their grievances and extract concessions from the state. This paper is a chronological account of some of the documented incidents of terrorism, insurgency, kidnapping, destruction, sabotage, and human casualties suffered in the oil and gas sectors in Africa between 1999 and 2012. It is based on data extracted from the databases of the RAND Database of World Terrorism Incidents and the University of Maryland's Global Terrorism Database (GTD).     

Tacit support for terrorism: The rapprochement between the USSR and Palestinian guerrilla organizations following the 1967 war

This article demonstrates the inconsistent and wavering Soviet attitude towards national liberation movements in general and the Palestinian organizations in particular. Until the late 1960s, the Soviets viewed these organizations with suspicion, hesitating to engage in political dialogue with them. However, in the 1970s, political and military events in the region, as well as modifications in the Kremlin's Cold War strategies, led to a general shift towards the Middle East in Soviet foreign policy. Soviet leaders showed increased willingness to provide certain Palestinian organizations with arms with which to conduct terrorist activities against Israeli, pro-Israeli, Jewish and Western targets. The article explores the complex relations between Palestinian organizations and the USSR in the field of international terror. The study also exposes and analyzes the nature and content of Soviet–Palestinian arms dialogues and transactions. It provides clear evidence that Soviet policymakers and other luminaries were fully informed of, and sometimes directly involved in, these transactions and dialogues at the highest levels.     

A1 Qaeda and the radical Islamic challenge to western strategy

The September 11 global crisis prompted by the attacks on the World Trade Center and the Pentagon raises major questions concerning the nature and trajectory of terrorism in the post-Cold War global order. Hitherto, terrorism has been largely debated by analysts at the level of nation states. Terrorist and insurgent movements have also been largely anchored in nationalist and ethnic power bases even when they have sought to mobilise a transnational ideological appeal on religious or class grounds. There have been a few exceptions to this pattern such as the alliance between the German Baader-Meinhof group and the Japanese Red Army Faction, but even such international alliances as this did not, until at least the 1980s, presage anything like a global terrorist network necessitating a global strategic response. This study examines terrorism and global strategic responses.     

Reviews

Douglas S. Derrer, We Are All the Target: A Handbook of Terrorism Avoidance and Hostage Survival. Annapolis, MD: US Naval Institute Press, 1992. Pp. x+135, notes, index. $14.95. ISBN 01–55750–150–5

Ian Knight, Zulu: Isandlwana and Rorke's Drift, 22–23 January 1879. London: Windrow & Greene, 1992. Pp.136, 150 illus., incl 8 colour plates, maps, biblio. £35. ISBN 1–872004–23–7

Ian Knight, By the Orders of the Great White Queen: Campaigning in Zululand through the Eyes of the British Soldiers, 1879. London: Greenhill Books and Novato: Presidio Press, 1992. Pp. 272, 17 illus., 1 map. £18.95. ISBN 1–85367–122–3

Manfried Rauchensteiner and Erwin A. Schmidl (eds.), Formen des Krieges: vom Mittelalter zum ‘Low‐intensity’ Conflict’. Graz : Verlag Styria, 1991. Pp.208. DM35. ISBN 3–22–12139–7

Harold J. Kearsley, Maritime Power and the Twenty‐First Century. Dartmouth: Dartmouth Publishing Company, Limited, 1992. Pp.xv + 203, 13 diagrams, index. £32.50. ISBN 1–85521–288–9     

Helping hands: external support for the KNU insurgency in Burma

This article analyses to what extent the Burmese KNU insurgency made use of external support from states, refugees, and diasporas. Based on extensive fieldwork it is concluded that support from neighbouring states and refugees has for years kept the Karen rebellion alive. Western countries perceived forms of resistance to the illegitimate Burmese regime as just and have therefore played a crucial role in the continuation of conflict in Karen State. It is important that policymakers and donors as well as executing organizations continue to reflect critically on the way they exercise their work.     

基于GTST-DMLD-ESD的装备RMS建模仿真

装备的RMS是装备的重要设计参数,是影响战备完好和保障能力的关键因素.引入GTST-DMLD作为主要建模工具,建立起装备系统的RMS描述模型,以ESD为补充和扩展,对维修过程进行建模.并以GTST-DMLD-ESD模型作为装备RMS仿真的核心,对装备RMS仿真模型的总体框架进行了研究,并对各模块进行了较为详细的探讨.