基于复杂网络-灰靶理论的网络空间攻防方案评估

网络空间作为新型作战域,具有作战类型多样化、作战速度瞬时化、作战效果可传播等特性,对时效性、整体性和级联性的高要求奠定了其作战方案的重要地位。从网络空间攻防背景出发,基于复杂网络构建网络空间攻防方案评估指标体系,运用灰靶理论建立评估模型,并将其应用于实际场景,验证模型的科学性和准确性,弥补了网络空间攻防模拟训练和指挥人才培养等领域的研究空白。     

阈下听觉技术研究及其应用

从网络空间侦察能力、指挥控制能力、精确攻击能力、防御能力和评估能力等五个方面,对网络空间支援力量的核心支援能力进行了系统论述,提出建设军队网络支援力量、应对网络空间安全威胁的新思考和新观点。研究认为,当前我军在网络空间的安全意识、核心技术、均衡发展等方面面临严峻困难。为实现网络强国的奋斗目标,需要加强国家网络安全的顶层设计,增强网络技术自主创新能力,强化军民融合式建设和系统常态的攻防训练等。     

推进网络空间核心支援能力建设

从网络空间侦察能力、指挥控制能力、精确攻击能力、防御能力和评估能力等五个方面,对网络空间支援力量的核心支援能力进行了系统论述,提出建设军队网络支援力量、应对网络空间安全威胁的新思考和新观点。研究认为,当前我军在网络空间的安全意识、核心技术、均衡发展等方面面临严峻困难。为实现网络强国的奋斗目标,需要加强国家网络安全的顶层设计,增强网络技术自主创新能力,强化军民融合式建设和系统常态的攻防训练等。     

网络空间军备控制研究现状及启示思考

随着网络技术的发展,国际间基于网络空间进行的攻击与防卫行动愈演愈烈。在短短十数年间,网络空间行动的模式,已经由简单的宣传和窃密发展为某一国家主体或国际组织基于自身利益的考虑,对另一国家主体或国际组织在经济、军事、行政等领域进行破坏与瘫痪的军事行动。而且这种网络攻击行动的地位和作用越来越具有战略意义,正逐渐成为一种新的战争形态。文章梳理了美国和俄罗斯在网络空间军备控制方面的研究现状,并对我国如何应对这种形势提出了一些思考。     

网络空间攻防技术发展动向分析

网络空间攻防技术对国家安全影响的地位日趋上升,已成为世界主要国家超前布局、优先发展的重要技术领域。文章系统梳理了主要国家在态势感知技术、攻击技术、防御技术、控制技术、支援保障技术等领域所取得重要进展和面临的问题,重点分析和前瞻了网络空间攻防技术发展的新趋势和新途径。     

空天防御体系及技术发展

网络空间攻防技术对国家安全影响的地位日趋上升,已成为世界主要国家超前布局、优先发展的重要技术领域。文章系统梳理了主要国家在态势感知技术、攻击技术、防御技术、控制技术、支援保障技术等领域所取得重要进展和面临的问题,重点分析和前瞻了网络空间攻防技术发展的新趋势和新途径。     

关于装备网络生存性试验考核的思考

对网络生存性相关文献进行系统分析,跟踪美军相关做法,结合军队现实情况,提出装备网络生存性的概念,并给出装备网络生存性的指标框架和评估模型,以及装备网络生存性试验考核的基本原则和科目设计思路,实现了对装备网络生存性及其试验考核工作的初步探索。随着信息化、智能化的快速发展,装备融入网络空间越来越深,对网络空间的依赖也越来越强。同时,网络攻防技术也得到了快速发展,网络威胁构成了装备遂行使命任务无法回避的现实挑战。美军等军事强国纷纷将网络生存性作为装备网络安全能力的重要内容进行突出建设,军队也初步提出相似的建设要求。     

加快中国“网络国防”建设的战略思考

“网络国防”是人类物理维空间国防的发展和延伸,其实质是“网络空间的国防”,是为应对网络空间战争威胁和安全挑战,围绕维护网络空间安全利益和网络空间控制权而进行的一系列战略性、主动性、预置性、对抗性国防建设活动和相关行动。新形势下加快中国“网络国防”建设,必须深刻认识“网络国防”建设的战略意义,深化研究“网络国防”建设的一系列战略问题。     

美军网络战要升级

随着计算机网络在军事领域应用的普及，网络已经成为提升军队作战能力的“倍增器”。如同制海权、制空权、制天权一样，争夺网络空间制权已逐渐演变成为美军维持军事霸权的重要组成部分。据美《华尔街日报》透露，五角大楼目前宣布，要成立新的网络战司令部，统领美军的网络战攻防能力建设，并研发新型的网络进攻武器。     

试析美军网络战实战化建设

美军一直将发展网络作战能力作为保持军事优势的战略举措,通过加强网络战实战准备、转变网络战作战理念、扩充网络战专业力量、打造网络战进攻利器、强化网络战攻防演练以及重视网络战安全合作等举措,为其谋求网络空间制度霸权提供了实力依托。     

Putin – the masked nemesis of the strategy of ambiguity

Recent events demonstrate the complex and adaptive approach employed by Russia to reassert influence in Europe. The changing face of Russia’s strategy commenced in 2007 when it launched a crippling cyber-attack against Estonia. This was followed by a large Russian conventional attack against Georgia in 2008, occupying two large areas of the nation. 2014 witnessed the Russian annexation of Crimea where in just a week, Russia seized control of Crimea “without firing a shot.” The annexation of Crimea was rapidly followed by a Russian inspired and led subversive war in eastern Ukraine. The common thread among these diverse Russian operations is its use of ambiguity to confound and confuse decision makers in the West.     

India's counter-insurgency experience: the ‘trust and nurture’ strategy

The Indian Army, a force trained primarily for conventional warfare, has been engaged in internal counter-insurgency operations since the 1950s. Despite such a long innings on a counter-insurgency mode, little attention has been accorded within military circles to doctrinal innovation for waging sub-conventional warfare in India's democratic political context. At best, the Army continues to view counter-insurgency duty as secondary to its primary duty of defending India from external conventional threats. By conceptualizing a counter-insurgency strategy of ‘trust and nurture’, this article aims to fill this critical doctrinal gap in India's military policy. The author argues that a counter-insurgency strategy of ‘trust and nurture’ based on democratic political culture, measured military methods, special counter-insurgency forces, local social and cultural awareness and an integrative nation-building approach will result in positive handling of India's internal security problems. The author utilizes India's counter-insurgency experiences in Assam, Mizoram, Nagaland, Punjab, and Operation ‘Sadhbhavana’ in Jammu and Kashmir as illustrative empirical indicants in order to validate the ‘trust and nurture’ strategy.     

Helping hands: civil–military cooperation and Italy's military operation abroad

In the Post-Bipolar Era the growing complexity of the military operations requires a new approach for the resolution of international crises. Since the end of the Cold War, peace support operations (PSO) have become the mainstay and principal occupation of most Western armies. At the same time, Italy has been one of the most important actors in such an area. The article focuses on the cooperation between military and civil components (a process called CIMIC) as a key variable in the Italian PSOs. We will analyse in detail the main lessons learned from past military interventions as well as the general context in which new tendencies are taking place. The maintaining of a minimum security frame becomes essential to fulfil activities ‘collateral’ to the mission: reconstructing services and infrastructure, food distribution, water and medication, law and order, de-mining, training of local forces, and supporting local institutions. These are the main tasks to obtain thrust and support from the population.     

Terrorism,insurgency, kidnapping,and security in Africa's energy sector

Energy continues to serve as the bedrock of modern economies and the main driver of modern society. For Africa, the production and supply of energy resources such as crude oil, natural gas, uranium, coal, biomass, biofuels and other renewables are an important source of employment, rents, taxes, royalties and profits. This sector brings in several tens of billions of dollars of revenue annually. The production and delivery of such resources, however, depend on critical infrastructures such as pipelines, refineries, processing plants, terminals, rigs, electrical energy pylons, substations, pump stations, vessels, and tankers. These infrastructures have been attacked by terrorists, insurgents, vandals and saboteurs, all of whom see them as targets against which to register their grievances and extract concessions from the state. This paper is a chronological account of some of the documented incidents of terrorism, insurgency, kidnapping, destruction, sabotage, and human casualties suffered in the oil and gas sectors in Africa between 1999 and 2012. It is based on data extracted from the databases of the RAND Database of World Terrorism Incidents and the University of Maryland's Global Terrorism Database (GTD).     

Tacit support for terrorism: The rapprochement between the USSR and Palestinian guerrilla organizations following the 1967 war

This article demonstrates the inconsistent and wavering Soviet attitude towards national liberation movements in general and the Palestinian organizations in particular. Until the late 1960s, the Soviets viewed these organizations with suspicion, hesitating to engage in political dialogue with them. However, in the 1970s, political and military events in the region, as well as modifications in the Kremlin's Cold War strategies, led to a general shift towards the Middle East in Soviet foreign policy. Soviet leaders showed increased willingness to provide certain Palestinian organizations with arms with which to conduct terrorist activities against Israeli, pro-Israeli, Jewish and Western targets. The article explores the complex relations between Palestinian organizations and the USSR in the field of international terror. The study also exposes and analyzes the nature and content of Soviet–Palestinian arms dialogues and transactions. It provides clear evidence that Soviet policymakers and other luminaries were fully informed of, and sometimes directly involved in, these transactions and dialogues at the highest levels.     

A1 Qaeda and the radical Islamic challenge to western strategy

The September 11 global crisis prompted by the attacks on the World Trade Center and the Pentagon raises major questions concerning the nature and trajectory of terrorism in the post-Cold War global order. Hitherto, terrorism has been largely debated by analysts at the level of nation states. Terrorist and insurgent movements have also been largely anchored in nationalist and ethnic power bases even when they have sought to mobilise a transnational ideological appeal on religious or class grounds. There have been a few exceptions to this pattern such as the alliance between the German Baader-Meinhof group and the Japanese Red Army Faction, but even such international alliances as this did not, until at least the 1980s, presage anything like a global terrorist network necessitating a global strategic response. This study examines terrorism and global strategic responses.     

Helping hands: external support for the KNU insurgency in Burma

This article analyses to what extent the Burmese KNU insurgency made use of external support from states, refugees, and diasporas. Based on extensive fieldwork it is concluded that support from neighbouring states and refugees has for years kept the Karen rebellion alive. Western countries perceived forms of resistance to the illegitimate Burmese regime as just and have therefore played a crucial role in the continuation of conflict in Karen State. It is important that policymakers and donors as well as executing organizations continue to reflect critically on the way they exercise their work.     

Reviews

Douglas S. Derrer, We Are All the Target: A Handbook of Terrorism Avoidance and Hostage Survival. Annapolis, MD: US Naval Institute Press, 1992. Pp. x+135, notes, index. $14.95. ISBN 01–55750–150–5

Ian Knight, Zulu: Isandlwana and Rorke's Drift, 22–23 January 1879. London: Windrow & Greene, 1992. Pp.136, 150 illus., incl 8 colour plates, maps, biblio. £35. ISBN 1–872004–23–7

Ian Knight, By the Orders of the Great White Queen: Campaigning in Zululand through the Eyes of the British Soldiers, 1879. London: Greenhill Books and Novato: Presidio Press, 1992. Pp. 272, 17 illus., 1 map. £18.95. ISBN 1–85367–122–3

Manfried Rauchensteiner and Erwin A. Schmidl (eds.), Formen des Krieges: vom Mittelalter zum ‘Low‐intensity’ Conflict’. Graz : Verlag Styria, 1991. Pp.208. DM35. ISBN 3–22–12139–7

Harold J. Kearsley, Maritime Power and the Twenty‐First Century. Dartmouth: Dartmouth Publishing Company, Limited, 1992. Pp.xv + 203, 13 diagrams, index. £32.50. ISBN 1–85521–288–9     

基于GTST-DMLD-ESD的装备RMS建模仿真

装备的RMS是装备的重要设计参数,是影响战备完好和保障能力的关键因素.引入GTST-DMLD作为主要建模工具,建立起装备系统的RMS描述模型,以ESD为补充和扩展,对维修过程进行建模.并以GTST-DMLD-ESD模型作为装备RMS仿真的核心,对装备RMS仿真模型的总体框架进行了研究,并对各模块进行了较为详细的探讨.