空中目标运动参数实时测量系统

为了实现对飞机等远距离空中目标运动参数的实时测量,设计了目标自动跟踪测量系统,并对该系统的硬、软件组成及关键技术进行了研究。组建验证样机,进行软件框架设计及功能模块分析,通过实测实验详细测试了系统的工作性能。静态验证实验结果表明:测距结果稳定在1mm以内,方位测量结果稳定在5″以内。动态验证实验结果表明:对运动目标的实时测距误差为2mm,实时测距频率为5Hz;方位测量误差为0.05°,姿态测量误差维持在0.2°以内,方位和姿态实时测量频率均为20Hz。因此,系统满足空中目标运动参数稳定可靠、高精度的自动实时测量需求。     

舰载平台风速测量误差对超视距雷达探测威力预报的影响

为解决雷达威力预报中舰载平台风速测量问题,首先针对超声波测风仪在舰载平台上因舰船晃动和运动造成的测量误差进行了建模,并给出了误差修正方法;然后,对超声波测风仪在倾斜条件下测量误差进行了仿真,研究了风速对波导高度、雷达探测距离以及电磁波传播衰减的影响;最后进行了实验验证,结果表明:预报相对误差小于20%的概率高达80%。由此表明:该方法可有效修正舰艇运动造成的风速测量误差,显著提高威力预报精度。     

基于双相机的目标距离测量技术

对双目视觉测量方法进行了研究和分析,采用张正友平面法对相机进行内外参数标定,根据标定所得参数对立体图像对进行校正和匹配,测距实验结果表明,在目标距离为112 m的静态条件下,该方法测量误差在5%以内,能满足一定场合的非接触测量需求。最后对影响双目测量精度的主要因素进行了分析,指出了进一步优化和提高双目系统测距精度的方向。     

动作强度对人体静电电位影响的实验研究

人体与身体以外的物体相接触、产生摩擦,则会在人体上产生静电。人体静电电位与人员的动作强度直接相关。通过对慢走、跑步、跳跃等三种人体场景动作情况下人体静电电位进行实验测量和探讨,得到了动作强度对人体静电电位的影响规律。     

人体静电极端值的分析研究

本文在讨论人体静电定义的基础上,分析各国报导人体静电极端值差异的原因,经理论分析和实验验证,给出人体静电电位的取值范围:10~(-2)～10~5V,并证明人体静电极端值60kV 是可信的.     

时间距离像消隐时弹头进动与结构参数估计

考虑弹道目标时间距离像存在消隐现象,提出了一种弹道目标微距离变化曲线断续时进动与结构参数提取方法。首先,建立了弹道中段目标宽带回波模型,推导了散射中心微距离变化曲线理论公式;其次,提取了时间距离像中各散射中心的微距离变化曲线,据此提出采用选点方法实现目标进动频率和平动参数联合估计,完成了弹道目标时间距离像的平动补偿;最后,利用扩展Hough变换方法进行补偿后断续微距离变化曲线的检测,基于各散射中心间的相对位置信息实现了弹道目标的结构参数提取。电磁仿真实验验证了该方法的有效性。     

运动补偿与UWB SAR中RD成像算法结合的实现方法

分析了机载合成孔径雷达(SAR)中载机运动误差对接收信号的影响,指出在运动补偿处理中可以将距离向误差分解为空不变项和空变项,在此基础上采用一阶和二阶运动补偿的方法来对两个误差项进行补偿.为了将测量的运动误差数据应用到高分辨率成像中,提出了一种与距离多普勒(RD)成像算法相结合的运动补偿方案.通过对仿真数据的测试,本文方法得到了验证.     

光纤陀螺一维惯性角度测量误差标定技术研究

针对光纤陀螺的一维惯性角度测量系统长期工作时产生较大的随时间累积误差,提出了一种新型角度测量误差的实时标定方法。此方法基于光学三角法测距的原理,利用2个激光位移传感器测量的位移实现角度的实时测量,在高精度转台上对测试系统进行了实验验证,通过最小二乘拟合法对误差进行了补偿。实验结果表明,该系统的角度测量范围±10°,角度测量精度±0.005°,为光纤陀螺在长时间角度测量方面提供了角度基准。该标定技术使用非接触光学测量方法,对被测物体表面无损伤。     

舰艇姿态对雷达测量误差的影响分析

为了研究舰艇姿态对雷达测量误差的影响,分析了雷达测量过程中引入舰艇姿态误差的机理.。采用对误差传递过程进行建模的方法,建立了包含舰艇姿态因素的雷达测量误差模型。通过该模型分析了舰艇姿态角误差对雷达测量目标距离、方位角和高低角误差的不同影响,得出雷达测距误差不受姿态角误差影响,方位角误差与艏向角误差呈线性关系,高低角误差受纵摇角与横摇角误差影响,并随目标方位按正弦规律变化的结论。计算机仿真结果验证了结论的正确性。     

毫米波相控阵雷达弹丸脱靶量测量精度分析

论证了脱靶量测量误差在闭环校正中的地位和作用,定量分析了雷达测距误差、测角误差、检测波门的设置和目标、弹丸运动的速度、方向等因素对脱靶量测量误差的影响,估算了现有条件下脱靶量的测量精度。     

Putin – the masked nemesis of the strategy of ambiguity

Recent events demonstrate the complex and adaptive approach employed by Russia to reassert influence in Europe. The changing face of Russia’s strategy commenced in 2007 when it launched a crippling cyber-attack against Estonia. This was followed by a large Russian conventional attack against Georgia in 2008, occupying two large areas of the nation. 2014 witnessed the Russian annexation of Crimea where in just a week, Russia seized control of Crimea “without firing a shot.” The annexation of Crimea was rapidly followed by a Russian inspired and led subversive war in eastern Ukraine. The common thread among these diverse Russian operations is its use of ambiguity to confound and confuse decision makers in the West.     

India's counter-insurgency experience: the ‘trust and nurture’ strategy

The Indian Army, a force trained primarily for conventional warfare, has been engaged in internal counter-insurgency operations since the 1950s. Despite such a long innings on a counter-insurgency mode, little attention has been accorded within military circles to doctrinal innovation for waging sub-conventional warfare in India's democratic political context. At best, the Army continues to view counter-insurgency duty as secondary to its primary duty of defending India from external conventional threats. By conceptualizing a counter-insurgency strategy of ‘trust and nurture’, this article aims to fill this critical doctrinal gap in India's military policy. The author argues that a counter-insurgency strategy of ‘trust and nurture’ based on democratic political culture, measured military methods, special counter-insurgency forces, local social and cultural awareness and an integrative nation-building approach will result in positive handling of India's internal security problems. The author utilizes India's counter-insurgency experiences in Assam, Mizoram, Nagaland, Punjab, and Operation ‘Sadhbhavana’ in Jammu and Kashmir as illustrative empirical indicants in order to validate the ‘trust and nurture’ strategy.     

Helping hands: civil–military cooperation and Italy's military operation abroad

In the Post-Bipolar Era the growing complexity of the military operations requires a new approach for the resolution of international crises. Since the end of the Cold War, peace support operations (PSO) have become the mainstay and principal occupation of most Western armies. At the same time, Italy has been one of the most important actors in such an area. The article focuses on the cooperation between military and civil components (a process called CIMIC) as a key variable in the Italian PSOs. We will analyse in detail the main lessons learned from past military interventions as well as the general context in which new tendencies are taking place. The maintaining of a minimum security frame becomes essential to fulfil activities ‘collateral’ to the mission: reconstructing services and infrastructure, food distribution, water and medication, law and order, de-mining, training of local forces, and supporting local institutions. These are the main tasks to obtain thrust and support from the population.     

Terrorism,insurgency, kidnapping,and security in Africa's energy sector

Energy continues to serve as the bedrock of modern economies and the main driver of modern society. For Africa, the production and supply of energy resources such as crude oil, natural gas, uranium, coal, biomass, biofuels and other renewables are an important source of employment, rents, taxes, royalties and profits. This sector brings in several tens of billions of dollars of revenue annually. The production and delivery of such resources, however, depend on critical infrastructures such as pipelines, refineries, processing plants, terminals, rigs, electrical energy pylons, substations, pump stations, vessels, and tankers. These infrastructures have been attacked by terrorists, insurgents, vandals and saboteurs, all of whom see them as targets against which to register their grievances and extract concessions from the state. This paper is a chronological account of some of the documented incidents of terrorism, insurgency, kidnapping, destruction, sabotage, and human casualties suffered in the oil and gas sectors in Africa between 1999 and 2012. It is based on data extracted from the databases of the RAND Database of World Terrorism Incidents and the University of Maryland's Global Terrorism Database (GTD).     

Tacit support for terrorism: The rapprochement between the USSR and Palestinian guerrilla organizations following the 1967 war

This article demonstrates the inconsistent and wavering Soviet attitude towards national liberation movements in general and the Palestinian organizations in particular. Until the late 1960s, the Soviets viewed these organizations with suspicion, hesitating to engage in political dialogue with them. However, in the 1970s, political and military events in the region, as well as modifications in the Kremlin's Cold War strategies, led to a general shift towards the Middle East in Soviet foreign policy. Soviet leaders showed increased willingness to provide certain Palestinian organizations with arms with which to conduct terrorist activities against Israeli, pro-Israeli, Jewish and Western targets. The article explores the complex relations between Palestinian organizations and the USSR in the field of international terror. The study also exposes and analyzes the nature and content of Soviet–Palestinian arms dialogues and transactions. It provides clear evidence that Soviet policymakers and other luminaries were fully informed of, and sometimes directly involved in, these transactions and dialogues at the highest levels.     

A1 Qaeda and the radical Islamic challenge to western strategy

The September 11 global crisis prompted by the attacks on the World Trade Center and the Pentagon raises major questions concerning the nature and trajectory of terrorism in the post-Cold War global order. Hitherto, terrorism has been largely debated by analysts at the level of nation states. Terrorist and insurgent movements have also been largely anchored in nationalist and ethnic power bases even when they have sought to mobilise a transnational ideological appeal on religious or class grounds. There have been a few exceptions to this pattern such as the alliance between the German Baader-Meinhof group and the Japanese Red Army Faction, but even such international alliances as this did not, until at least the 1980s, presage anything like a global terrorist network necessitating a global strategic response. This study examines terrorism and global strategic responses.     

Helping hands: external support for the KNU insurgency in Burma

This article analyses to what extent the Burmese KNU insurgency made use of external support from states, refugees, and diasporas. Based on extensive fieldwork it is concluded that support from neighbouring states and refugees has for years kept the Karen rebellion alive. Western countries perceived forms of resistance to the illegitimate Burmese regime as just and have therefore played a crucial role in the continuation of conflict in Karen State. It is important that policymakers and donors as well as executing organizations continue to reflect critically on the way they exercise their work.     

Reviews

Douglas S. Derrer, We Are All the Target: A Handbook of Terrorism Avoidance and Hostage Survival. Annapolis, MD: US Naval Institute Press, 1992. Pp. x+135, notes, index. $14.95. ISBN 01–55750–150–5

Ian Knight, Zulu: Isandlwana and Rorke's Drift, 22–23 January 1879. London: Windrow & Greene, 1992. Pp.136, 150 illus., incl 8 colour plates, maps, biblio. £35. ISBN 1–872004–23–7

Ian Knight, By the Orders of the Great White Queen: Campaigning in Zululand through the Eyes of the British Soldiers, 1879. London: Greenhill Books and Novato: Presidio Press, 1992. Pp. 272, 17 illus., 1 map. £18.95. ISBN 1–85367–122–3

Manfried Rauchensteiner and Erwin A. Schmidl (eds.), Formen des Krieges: vom Mittelalter zum ‘Low‐intensity’ Conflict’. Graz : Verlag Styria, 1991. Pp.208. DM35. ISBN 3–22–12139–7

Harold J. Kearsley, Maritime Power and the Twenty‐First Century. Dartmouth: Dartmouth Publishing Company, Limited, 1992. Pp.xv + 203, 13 diagrams, index. £32.50. ISBN 1–85521–288–9     

基于GTST-DMLD-ESD的装备RMS建模仿真

装备的RMS是装备的重要设计参数,是影响战备完好和保障能力的关键因素.引入GTST-DMLD作为主要建模工具,建立起装备系统的RMS描述模型,以ESD为补充和扩展,对维修过程进行建模.并以GTST-DMLD-ESD模型作为装备RMS仿真的核心,对装备RMS仿真模型的总体框架进行了研究,并对各模块进行了较为详细的探讨.