基于最小二乘支持向量机的测控数据融合

提出利用最小二乘支持向量机方法研究GPS和雷达系统对机动目标联合测量中的数据融合问题,GPS数据经过时间配准处理与雷达数据达到时间同步,经过空间配准和坐标系变换,进行卡尔曼滤波,以滤波估计坐标值作为支持向量机的输入,以最小二乘支持向量机为同步融合中心,输出为目标轨迹的融合估计值,仿真结果表明这种方案可以达到比融合前数据更贴近真实值的效果.     

一种基于Tsallis熵的最小二乘支持向量机稀疏算法

最小二乘支持向量机(Least Squares Support Vector Machine,LS-SVM)算法是一种优化的支持向量机(Support Vector Machine,SVM)算法,针对该算法稀疏性差,支持向量过多的问题,提出了一种基于Tsallis熵的稀疏算法。分析了最小二乘支持向量机算法的训练过程,提出了增量算法和Tsallis熵的概念,以此为基础提出了一种解决算法稀疏性的改进算法;最后对算法进行了仿真。仿真结果表明,该改进算法相比于传统算法稀疏性更强,适用于大样本集的系统辨识。     

基于证据理论与多模型结合的模拟电路故障诊断

针对模拟电路故障诊断中单一诊断模型诊断结果模糊性与不确定性较大的不足,基于信息融合原理,提出一种结合神经网络、支持向量机(SVM)与DS证据理论的综合诊断模型。在分析了传统BP神经网络与支持向量机的缺点后,分别用改进的免疫遗传算法和粒子群算法对其进行结构优化。利用两种模型的初步诊断结果进行DS证据理论的基本概率分配(BPA),得到证据理论的两个证据体。采用DS融合算法进行决策层融合诊断,定位故障元件。仿真验证表明,该方法可以有效提高故障诊断的准确率,避免了单一诊断模型的偶然性与不确定性。     

基于LS_SVM与PCA的小型无人机传感器故障诊断

针对小型无人机机动性强,故障多且难以实时检测的特点,提出了将最小二乘支持向量机(LS_SVM)与主元分析法(PCA)相结合对小型无人机传感器进行故障检测与分离。最小二乘支持向量机用于建立预测模型并生成残差,实时检测传感器故障;利用主元分析法将故障信号分离,进行故障诊断。仿真结果表明,最小二乘支持向量机与主元分析法相结合对无人机传感器具有良好的故障诊断效果。     

支持向量机技术的雷达板级电路快速故障诊断

介绍了支持向量机的基本原理.针对目前雷达装备诊断过程中存在的可更换板级电路多、传统诊断方法不理想等问题,提出了一种基于支持向量机的雷达板级电路快速诊断方法.建立了故障诊断样本训练和测试平台,对某型雷达预调器板进行了故障诊断实验.结果表明,该方法诊断准确性高,比其他方法更为快速有效,较好地解决了雷达可更换板级电路的故障诊断问题.     

基于LSSVM与WNN的燃气轮机状态趋势预测

为了对燃气轮机未来状态趋势进行预测,提出基于最小二乘支持向量机(LSSVM)与小波神经网络(WNN)组合的燃气轮机状态趋势预测方法,把最小二乘支持向量机的预测结果分为两部分,将实际参数数据与前一部分的预测结果计算残差,然后利用小波神经网络对残差进行预测,再将预测的残差与最小二乘支持向量机的预测结果的后一部分进行合成,将合成的结果作为最小二乘支持向量机-小波预测模型的预测结果。结合某型燃气轮机进行试验验证,验证结果表明,组合的最小二乘支持向量机与小波神经网络预测模型预测效果更好,预测结果相对误差为0.12%。     

基于改进支持向量机的导弹备件消耗预测

在系统分析武器装备备件预测方法研究现状和导弹备件消耗特点的基础上,提出把粗糙集和改进加权最小二乘支持向量机的组合预测模型应用于导弹备件消耗预测的构想.首先阐述了粗糙集和加权最小二乘支持向量机的基本原理,并改进了最小二乘支持向量机的加权方法;然后建立了基于粗糙集和改进加权最小二乘支持向量机的导弹备件消耗预测模型,并分析了其实现过程.实例结果表明,所建立的组合预测模型在进行导弹备件消耗预测时具有较高的精度和重要的实用价值.     

预测偏差的LS-SVM预测控制

提出了一种基于预测偏差的最小二乘支持向量机预测控制模型.首先介绍了最小二乘支持向量机预测模型,研究了基于预测偏差的控制算法,并给出了基于预测偏差的最小二乘支持向量机预测控制结构.通过利用最小二乘支持向量机辨识被控系统模型,同时预测系统的未来输出,然后用预测偏差控制算法进行滚动优化和反馈校正.仿真实例中,针对同一系统与基于预测偏差的RBF网络预测控制进行对比分析,表明该模型对系统的预测结果有更好的控制作用,并具有一定的抗干扰能力,有效地提高了预测精度.     

最小二乘支持向量机在蓄电池剩余容量建模中的应用研究

蓄电池容量是表征蓄电池工作性能的重要指标,但铅酸蓄电池剩余容量难以建模。将蓄电池检测系统测量的电压、电流、密度作为输入,荷电状态为输出,并基于最小二乘支持向量机对蓄电池充放电过程剩余容量进行了建模仿真,实现了对蓄电池剩余容量的实时预测。分析了最小二乘支持向量机参数对建模的影响,并对几种建模方法进行了比较。结果表明:该方法具有预测精确度高、推广能力强、运行时间短等优点。最小二乘支持向量机在小样本、非线性建模方面的应用表明:它在拟合精度和预测能力上都比传统方法有一定的提高,具有良好的应用前景。     

利用最小二乘支持向量机求解潜艇内外磁场映射模型

为提高潜艇磁隐身能力,应对潜艇固定磁场进行实时监测,提出利用最小二乘支持向量机的潜艇内外磁场映射方法。结合内外映射法和最小二乘支持向量机原理,通过交叉验证优化模型参数,建立由内到外的潜艇磁场映射模型。以潜艇外部垂向固定磁场变化量为分析对象,仿真和实验结果均与标准值吻合良好。与径向基神经网络算法相比,该方法的泛化能力和推算精度有明显提高,且更符合工程实际,对闭环消磁技术的研究具有指导意义。     

Putin – the masked nemesis of the strategy of ambiguity

Recent events demonstrate the complex and adaptive approach employed by Russia to reassert influence in Europe. The changing face of Russia’s strategy commenced in 2007 when it launched a crippling cyber-attack against Estonia. This was followed by a large Russian conventional attack against Georgia in 2008, occupying two large areas of the nation. 2014 witnessed the Russian annexation of Crimea where in just a week, Russia seized control of Crimea “without firing a shot.” The annexation of Crimea was rapidly followed by a Russian inspired and led subversive war in eastern Ukraine. The common thread among these diverse Russian operations is its use of ambiguity to confound and confuse decision makers in the West.     

India's counter-insurgency experience: the ‘trust and nurture’ strategy

The Indian Army, a force trained primarily for conventional warfare, has been engaged in internal counter-insurgency operations since the 1950s. Despite such a long innings on a counter-insurgency mode, little attention has been accorded within military circles to doctrinal innovation for waging sub-conventional warfare in India's democratic political context. At best, the Army continues to view counter-insurgency duty as secondary to its primary duty of defending India from external conventional threats. By conceptualizing a counter-insurgency strategy of ‘trust and nurture’, this article aims to fill this critical doctrinal gap in India's military policy. The author argues that a counter-insurgency strategy of ‘trust and nurture’ based on democratic political culture, measured military methods, special counter-insurgency forces, local social and cultural awareness and an integrative nation-building approach will result in positive handling of India's internal security problems. The author utilizes India's counter-insurgency experiences in Assam, Mizoram, Nagaland, Punjab, and Operation ‘Sadhbhavana’ in Jammu and Kashmir as illustrative empirical indicants in order to validate the ‘trust and nurture’ strategy.     

Helping hands: civil–military cooperation and Italy's military operation abroad

In the Post-Bipolar Era the growing complexity of the military operations requires a new approach for the resolution of international crises. Since the end of the Cold War, peace support operations (PSO) have become the mainstay and principal occupation of most Western armies. At the same time, Italy has been one of the most important actors in such an area. The article focuses on the cooperation between military and civil components (a process called CIMIC) as a key variable in the Italian PSOs. We will analyse in detail the main lessons learned from past military interventions as well as the general context in which new tendencies are taking place. The maintaining of a minimum security frame becomes essential to fulfil activities ‘collateral’ to the mission: reconstructing services and infrastructure, food distribution, water and medication, law and order, de-mining, training of local forces, and supporting local institutions. These are the main tasks to obtain thrust and support from the population.     

Terrorism,insurgency, kidnapping,and security in Africa's energy sector

Energy continues to serve as the bedrock of modern economies and the main driver of modern society. For Africa, the production and supply of energy resources such as crude oil, natural gas, uranium, coal, biomass, biofuels and other renewables are an important source of employment, rents, taxes, royalties and profits. This sector brings in several tens of billions of dollars of revenue annually. The production and delivery of such resources, however, depend on critical infrastructures such as pipelines, refineries, processing plants, terminals, rigs, electrical energy pylons, substations, pump stations, vessels, and tankers. These infrastructures have been attacked by terrorists, insurgents, vandals and saboteurs, all of whom see them as targets against which to register their grievances and extract concessions from the state. This paper is a chronological account of some of the documented incidents of terrorism, insurgency, kidnapping, destruction, sabotage, and human casualties suffered in the oil and gas sectors in Africa between 1999 and 2012. It is based on data extracted from the databases of the RAND Database of World Terrorism Incidents and the University of Maryland's Global Terrorism Database (GTD).     

Tacit support for terrorism: The rapprochement between the USSR and Palestinian guerrilla organizations following the 1967 war

This article demonstrates the inconsistent and wavering Soviet attitude towards national liberation movements in general and the Palestinian organizations in particular. Until the late 1960s, the Soviets viewed these organizations with suspicion, hesitating to engage in political dialogue with them. However, in the 1970s, political and military events in the region, as well as modifications in the Kremlin's Cold War strategies, led to a general shift towards the Middle East in Soviet foreign policy. Soviet leaders showed increased willingness to provide certain Palestinian organizations with arms with which to conduct terrorist activities against Israeli, pro-Israeli, Jewish and Western targets. The article explores the complex relations between Palestinian organizations and the USSR in the field of international terror. The study also exposes and analyzes the nature and content of Soviet–Palestinian arms dialogues and transactions. It provides clear evidence that Soviet policymakers and other luminaries were fully informed of, and sometimes directly involved in, these transactions and dialogues at the highest levels.     

A1 Qaeda and the radical Islamic challenge to western strategy

The September 11 global crisis prompted by the attacks on the World Trade Center and the Pentagon raises major questions concerning the nature and trajectory of terrorism in the post-Cold War global order. Hitherto, terrorism has been largely debated by analysts at the level of nation states. Terrorist and insurgent movements have also been largely anchored in nationalist and ethnic power bases even when they have sought to mobilise a transnational ideological appeal on religious or class grounds. There have been a few exceptions to this pattern such as the alliance between the German Baader-Meinhof group and the Japanese Red Army Faction, but even such international alliances as this did not, until at least the 1980s, presage anything like a global terrorist network necessitating a global strategic response. This study examines terrorism and global strategic responses.     

Helping hands: external support for the KNU insurgency in Burma

This article analyses to what extent the Burmese KNU insurgency made use of external support from states, refugees, and diasporas. Based on extensive fieldwork it is concluded that support from neighbouring states and refugees has for years kept the Karen rebellion alive. Western countries perceived forms of resistance to the illegitimate Burmese regime as just and have therefore played a crucial role in the continuation of conflict in Karen State. It is important that policymakers and donors as well as executing organizations continue to reflect critically on the way they exercise their work.     

Reviews

Douglas S. Derrer, We Are All the Target: A Handbook of Terrorism Avoidance and Hostage Survival. Annapolis, MD: US Naval Institute Press, 1992. Pp. x+135, notes, index. $14.95. ISBN 01–55750–150–5

Ian Knight, Zulu: Isandlwana and Rorke's Drift, 22–23 January 1879. London: Windrow & Greene, 1992. Pp.136, 150 illus., incl 8 colour plates, maps, biblio. £35. ISBN 1–872004–23–7

Ian Knight, By the Orders of the Great White Queen: Campaigning in Zululand through the Eyes of the British Soldiers, 1879. London: Greenhill Books and Novato: Presidio Press, 1992. Pp. 272, 17 illus., 1 map. £18.95. ISBN 1–85367–122–3

Manfried Rauchensteiner and Erwin A. Schmidl (eds.), Formen des Krieges: vom Mittelalter zum ‘Low‐intensity’ Conflict’. Graz : Verlag Styria, 1991. Pp.208. DM35. ISBN 3–22–12139–7

Harold J. Kearsley, Maritime Power and the Twenty‐First Century. Dartmouth: Dartmouth Publishing Company, Limited, 1992. Pp.xv + 203, 13 diagrams, index. £32.50. ISBN 1–85521–288–9     

基于GTST-DMLD-ESD的装备RMS建模仿真

装备的RMS是装备的重要设计参数,是影响战备完好和保障能力的关键因素.引入GTST-DMLD作为主要建模工具,建立起装备系统的RMS描述模型,以ESD为补充和扩展,对维修过程进行建模.并以GTST-DMLD-ESD模型作为装备RMS仿真的核心,对装备RMS仿真模型的总体框架进行了研究,并对各模块进行了较为详细的探讨.