基于Bootstrap方法的舰空导弹武器系统制导精度评定

针对靶场进行导弹武器系统制导精度评定试验样本少的问题,提出了一种通过仿真提高试验结果评估置信度的数据融合评估方法。对舰空导弹武器系统制导误差产生的原因、误差分布规律进行了分析,给出了基于Bootstrap的制导精度评定方法。     

基于Bayes混合先验分布的兵棋推演规则建模方法

针对兵棋推演胜负裁决规则建立难的问题,军事专家利用经验数据总结战争胜负规律,数学家、工程师利用军事运筹分析方法计算战争胜负规律,为了综合利用两种方法,利用Bayes混合先验分布将历史战争规律总结法与军事运筹分析法合理有效融合,对胜负裁决规则进行建模研究;通过在贝塔分布中引入继承因子,将兰彻斯特方程生成的军事运筹分析数据作为先验信息,与历史战争的经验规律数据作为后验信息进行结合。引入的混合贝塔先验分布方法,有效避免了两种方法互相淹没信息的问题;建立的胜负概率裁决模型,有效地提高了兵棋推演中胜负裁决概率的准确度及可信度,使其更加符合战争规律。     

网络化巡飞攻击弹药鉴定试验方法研究

网络化巡飞攻击弹药(NLAA)是一种新型的信息化弹药,采用无人机技术、弹药技术和数据通信技术等多项高新技术,是未来弹药领域发展的重要方向.针对网络化巡飞攻击弹药的特点和关键技术,提出了网络化巡飞攻击弹药在鉴定试验中需要开展结构强度、制导精度、数据链测试、安全性和可靠性、毁伤评估以及弹道测试等关键试验技术研究,为网络化巡飞攻击弹药定型试验技术研究提供了方向.     

野战环境下弹药贮存寿命评估

简述了进行弹药野战环境贮存可靠性试验的试验场地、试验样本量确定方法和试验结果,分析探讨了弹药野战环境贮存可靠性试验数据处理方法,给出了在一定置信度下弹药贮存寿命。     

基于步进加速寿命试验的制导弹药储存寿命评估

介绍步进应力加速寿命试验原理,通过对制导弹药自动导引头贮存状态和失效机理的分析,确定了加速寿命试验应力和应力水平．假设产品寿命服从威布尔分布,应用极大似然估计和Bayes的方法处理数据,建立制导弹药可靠储存寿命预测模型,并计算得到自动导引头在正常应力水平下的可靠储存寿命．     

指数型数据环境因子工程计算方法

在可靠性工程实践中,对于技术状态处于稳定期的产品,环境因子是对不同试验条件下的可靠性数据进行综合利用的重要参数。由于环境因子理论计算方法在工程应用中存在着很多问题,缺乏工程实用性,因而在可靠性工程中如何确定环境因子一直是个争议较多的问题。主要探讨了指数型数据环境因子的工程确定方法,在理论计算公式的基础上对可靠性试验数据进行了工程上的处理,由此获得的环境因子具备较强的工程实用性。     

威布尔分布的战术导弹可靠性试验信息融合方法

针对战术导弹可靠性试验小子样问题,提出了基于威布尔分布,利用小概率原理,针对不同试验环境下试验数据的融合方法。该方法扩大了战术导弹可靠性试验的统计子样,提高了可靠性评定的可信度。     

基于云模型-AHP的制导弹药射击效能评估

对制导弹药的射击效能进行评估在仿真试验领域具有重要的意义。依据某制导弹药的工作原理及影响其射击精度的主要因素,制定了其射击效能评估指标体系。运用层次分析法(AHP)计算了各级指标的权重,划分了评估等级,并在各个指标隶属度的计算中引入了云模型算法。最后,将评估结果以隶属云的数字特征的形式表示出来。     

面向多目标的弹药毁伤试验信息获取M策略研究

为准确评估弹药对目标的毁伤能力,结合可靠性截尾试验的统计分析原理,提出了间隔M发进行一次弹药毁伤试验信息获取的M策略,并通过构建试验精度高、时间短、成本小等多目标建立了基于M策略的弹药毁伤试验信息获取优化模型,采用理想点法对多目标进行综合权衡,给出了搜索求解算法,最后通过实例验证了模型的科学性和可行性。     

小子样条件下可靠性试验信息的融合方法

小子样条件下,不同状态的多源信息融合是可靠性工程领域的一个热门问题。综述了小子样条件下可靠性试验信息的融合方法。在一定的假设条件之下,利用分离可交换量模型对不同环境下的可靠性信息融合方法进行了研究,仿真算例说明这种融合方法充分利用了信息,评估结论更为合理。     

Helping hands: civil–military cooperation and Italy's military operation abroad

In the Post-Bipolar Era the growing complexity of the military operations requires a new approach for the resolution of international crises. Since the end of the Cold War, peace support operations (PSO) have become the mainstay and principal occupation of most Western armies. At the same time, Italy has been one of the most important actors in such an area. The article focuses on the cooperation between military and civil components (a process called CIMIC) as a key variable in the Italian PSOs. We will analyse in detail the main lessons learned from past military interventions as well as the general context in which new tendencies are taking place. The maintaining of a minimum security frame becomes essential to fulfil activities ‘collateral’ to the mission: reconstructing services and infrastructure, food distribution, water and medication, law and order, de-mining, training of local forces, and supporting local institutions. These are the main tasks to obtain thrust and support from the population.     

Terrorism,insurgency, kidnapping,and security in Africa's energy sector

Energy continues to serve as the bedrock of modern economies and the main driver of modern society. For Africa, the production and supply of energy resources such as crude oil, natural gas, uranium, coal, biomass, biofuels and other renewables are an important source of employment, rents, taxes, royalties and profits. This sector brings in several tens of billions of dollars of revenue annually. The production and delivery of such resources, however, depend on critical infrastructures such as pipelines, refineries, processing plants, terminals, rigs, electrical energy pylons, substations, pump stations, vessels, and tankers. These infrastructures have been attacked by terrorists, insurgents, vandals and saboteurs, all of whom see them as targets against which to register their grievances and extract concessions from the state. This paper is a chronological account of some of the documented incidents of terrorism, insurgency, kidnapping, destruction, sabotage, and human casualties suffered in the oil and gas sectors in Africa between 1999 and 2012. It is based on data extracted from the databases of the RAND Database of World Terrorism Incidents and the University of Maryland's Global Terrorism Database (GTD).     

Tacit support for terrorism: The rapprochement between the USSR and Palestinian guerrilla organizations following the 1967 war

This article demonstrates the inconsistent and wavering Soviet attitude towards national liberation movements in general and the Palestinian organizations in particular. Until the late 1960s, the Soviets viewed these organizations with suspicion, hesitating to engage in political dialogue with them. However, in the 1970s, political and military events in the region, as well as modifications in the Kremlin's Cold War strategies, led to a general shift towards the Middle East in Soviet foreign policy. Soviet leaders showed increased willingness to provide certain Palestinian organizations with arms with which to conduct terrorist activities against Israeli, pro-Israeli, Jewish and Western targets. The article explores the complex relations between Palestinian organizations and the USSR in the field of international terror. The study also exposes and analyzes the nature and content of Soviet–Palestinian arms dialogues and transactions. It provides clear evidence that Soviet policymakers and other luminaries were fully informed of, and sometimes directly involved in, these transactions and dialogues at the highest levels.     

A1 Qaeda and the radical Islamic challenge to western strategy

The September 11 global crisis prompted by the attacks on the World Trade Center and the Pentagon raises major questions concerning the nature and trajectory of terrorism in the post-Cold War global order. Hitherto, terrorism has been largely debated by analysts at the level of nation states. Terrorist and insurgent movements have also been largely anchored in nationalist and ethnic power bases even when they have sought to mobilise a transnational ideological appeal on religious or class grounds. There have been a few exceptions to this pattern such as the alliance between the German Baader-Meinhof group and the Japanese Red Army Faction, but even such international alliances as this did not, until at least the 1980s, presage anything like a global terrorist network necessitating a global strategic response. This study examines terrorism and global strategic responses.     

Helping hands: external support for the KNU insurgency in Burma

This article analyses to what extent the Burmese KNU insurgency made use of external support from states, refugees, and diasporas. Based on extensive fieldwork it is concluded that support from neighbouring states and refugees has for years kept the Karen rebellion alive. Western countries perceived forms of resistance to the illegitimate Burmese regime as just and have therefore played a crucial role in the continuation of conflict in Karen State. It is important that policymakers and donors as well as executing organizations continue to reflect critically on the way they exercise their work.     

Reviews

Douglas S. Derrer, We Are All the Target: A Handbook of Terrorism Avoidance and Hostage Survival. Annapolis, MD: US Naval Institute Press, 1992. Pp. x+135, notes, index. $14.95. ISBN 01–55750–150–5

Ian Knight, Zulu: Isandlwana and Rorke's Drift, 22–23 January 1879. London: Windrow & Greene, 1992. Pp.136, 150 illus., incl 8 colour plates, maps, biblio. £35. ISBN 1–872004–23–7

Ian Knight, By the Orders of the Great White Queen: Campaigning in Zululand through the Eyes of the British Soldiers, 1879. London: Greenhill Books and Novato: Presidio Press, 1992. Pp. 272, 17 illus., 1 map. £18.95. ISBN 1–85367–122–3

Manfried Rauchensteiner and Erwin A. Schmidl (eds.), Formen des Krieges: vom Mittelalter zum ‘Low‐intensity’ Conflict’. Graz : Verlag Styria, 1991. Pp.208. DM35. ISBN 3–22–12139–7

Harold J. Kearsley, Maritime Power and the Twenty‐First Century. Dartmouth: Dartmouth Publishing Company, Limited, 1992. Pp.xv + 203, 13 diagrams, index. £32.50. ISBN 1–85521–288–9     

基于GTST-DMLD-ESD的装备RMS建模仿真

装备的RMS是装备的重要设计参数,是影响战备完好和保障能力的关键因素.引入GTST-DMLD作为主要建模工具,建立起装备系统的RMS描述模型,以ESD为补充和扩展,对维修过程进行建模.并以GTST-DMLD-ESD模型作为装备RMS仿真的核心,对装备RMS仿真模型的总体框架进行了研究,并对各模块进行了较为详细的探讨.     

Cyber sheiks and grassroots jihadis: the war in Syria and the devolution of the Bosnian Salafi communities

ABSTRACT

What was the scope of the Bosnian jihadi participation in the war in Syria? Did the Bosnian volunteers tend to join one particular faction? Why did the Bosnian youngsters decide to join the holy war in the Levant? Was this an organized and hierarchical process or was this a grassroots movement? Last, were all the Salafis in Bosnia supportive of this dynamic or did this process cause internal frictions? These are some of the questions that this research will try to answer.