发扬战争年代民兵的战斗精神

今年是中国人民抗日战争胜利四十周年。在长达八年的抗日战争中,全国人民在中国共产党的正确领导下,团结一切抗日力量,形成了坚强的全民族的抗日统一战线,经过艰苦卓绝的浴血奋战,终于战胜了日本侵略者,取得了抗日战争的伟大胜利。当前,我们广大民     

推动抗日战争史研究 加强爱国主义教育——《抗日战争研究》创刊号简介

在九一八事变60周年前夕,新中国成立以来的第一种专门以中国抗日民族解放战争为研究对象的学术季刊——《抗日战争研究》在北京创刊。《抗日战争研究》是由中国抗日战争史学会主办,中国社会科学院近代史研究所编辑的。聂荣臻元帅为该刊的创办题字:“研究抗日战争史,加强爱国主义教育。”《抗日战争研究》发表抗日战争时期中国     

华南人民抗日游击队的地位作用

全国抗日战争爆发后,日军于1938年10月入侵广州,中国华南抗战就此揭开序幕。此后,广东(含海南岛)和广西境内组建起多支由中国共产党直接领导的人民抗日武装,后统称为华南人民抗日游击队。华南人民抗日游击队有力地打击了日伪军,配合了华北、华中敌后战场和国民党军正面战场作战,支援了盟军太平洋战场作战,为夺取抗日战争的最后胜利发挥了重要作用,在抗日战争史和人民军队发展史上占有独特的地位。     

略论东北抗日战争的特点

东北抗日战争是中国抗日战争的起点,是全国抗战的重要组成部分,是世界反法西斯战争在东方的一个重要战场。东北抗日战争史,在中国抗日战争史和第二次世界大战史中都占有重要位置。深入研究东北抗日战争史是一项迫切而重要的任务。 毛泽东同志在《中国革命战争的战略问题》中指出;我们研究在各个不同历史阶段、各个不同性质,不同地域和民族的战争的指导规律,应该着眼其特点和着眼其发展、研究战争规律要着眼其特点,研究战争史也要着眼其特点,只有弄清某一历史阶段战争的特点,才能全面准确地反映战争史的真实面貌。东北抗日战争同全国抗日战争相比具有许多鲜明的特点,认清和掌握这些特点对深入研究东北抗日战争史是很必要的。笔者近几年来曾对东北抗日战争的特点做些探讨,现谈谈我的认识,请专家学者给予帮助。我认为东北抗日战争主要有以下五个特点。     

为了明天的纪念

仅以此文献给伟大的世界反法西斯战争和中国人民的抗日战争胜利60周年,并以此纪念那些在抗日战争中英勇献身的中国东北抗日民族英雄。     

刘少奇坚持党的全面抗战路线的几个重要思想

伟大的无产阶级革命家刘少奇抗日战争时期阐明了坚持党的全面抗战路线的几个重要思想 :关于发动群众、武装群众 ,在敌后广泛地开展抗日游击战争的思想 ;关于建立发展抗日人民武装 ,巩固人民武装的思想 ;坚持长期抗战必须创建和发展抗日根据地的思想 ;民族战争和反摩擦战争需要两种不同的战略战术原则等。这些思想不仅在理论上丰富和发展了毛泽东人民战争思想 ,也为抗日根据地的发展和巩固、为抗日战争的最后胜利做出了卓越的贡献。     

论刘少奇抗日武装力量建设思想

刘少奇是我党第一代领导集体主要成员之一,优秀的马克思主义者和伟大的无产阶级革命家。在抗日战争期间,他先后担任小共中央北方局、中原局、华中局书记和新四军政委等重要职务,为创造性地贯彻、执行已泽东和党中央的抗日战争的路线、方针、政策,指导八路军。新四军等抗日武装力量的建设,创建、巩固和发展抗日根据地,展开敌后游击战争,夺取抗日战争的最后胜利作出了不可磨灭的贡献。本文拟对刘少奇的抗日武装力量建设思想作扼要探讨,以推进抗日战争史的研究。自1936年春出任北方局书记起至1942年底回延安止,刘少奇在敌后主持抗战达…     

中国国防史上的不朽篇章——抗日战争时期我党领导下的国防教育

抗日战争的胜利,是一百多年来中国人民反对外敌入侵而取得的第一次完全的胜利。抗日战争之所以取得这样的胜利,是与中国共产党高举抗日民族统一战线的旗帜,促进国共合作,积极倡导和推行全民国防教育,激发起各族人民、各民主党派、抗日团体、社会各阶层爱国人士和海外侨胞的抗日热忱分不开的。     

毛泽东与晋察冀抗日根据地的创建

晋察冀抗日根据地,是抗日战争时期晋察冀地区的中国共产党组织和八路军根据中共中央、中央军委的战略部署和战略方针创建的第一个敌后根据地。因其成绩卓越、经验丰富,曾被毛泽东赞誉为“抗日战争的重要堡垒”①,“华北抗战的堡垒”,其经验“足以成为各地如何唤起民众以密切配合抗战的模范”。是“沦陷区民众抗日斗争的导标”③。8年抗战中,晋察冀抗日根据地军民共歼灭日伪军30多万人。随着对敌斗争的发展,人民革命力量迅速壮大。到抗日战争胜利结束后的1945年11月,晋察冀抗日根据地“野战军和地方军发展到32万多人,基干民兵扩大到9…     

东江纵隊

东江纵队,是抗日战争时期我党在华南地区组织和领导的一支抗日武装。它坚持敌后抗战,先后与日、伪、顽军作战两千多次,共歼敌1万多人。建立了拥有近4百万人口的抗日根据地,活动地域遍及广东的东江、北江和湘南、赣南等地的四十多个县,成为华南抗日战场的一支主要力量,为抗日战争的胜利做出了重要贡献。     

Shifting power,preventive logic,and the response of the target: Germany,Russia, and the First World War

If a declining state has incentives for preventive war, the rising state should have incentives to delay a confrontation until it is stronger. We develop the theoretical paradox and examine the July 1914 crisis. Why did Russia, rising relative to Germany, not adopt a buying-time strategy? We argue that although most Russian leaders hoped to avoid a confrontation, they feared that the failure to support Serbia would lead to a loss of Russian credibility and a significant setback to Russia’s position in the Balkans, one that could not easily be reversed, even with Russia’s expected increase in relative military power.     

Muslims,Islamists, and the Cold War

A new devil has emerged to challenge Western values and public virtue, and ever so conveniently, the devil masqueraded in religious garb. Terrorism has become synonymous with Islamic fundamentalism if not with Islam itself, and a new iron wall has descended on the world, as Churchill said, separating East from West, Christendom from Islam. This study examines the question why US policy makers feel a persistent urge to draw foreign policy in moralistic terms and religious metaphor, often to their own detriment.     

Acrimony,asymmetry, and the Sino-Indian nuclear relationship

ABSTRACT

While most contemporary analyses of South Asian nuclear dynamics acknowledge the presence of a strategic triangle between the region’s three nuclear players, the primary focus usually remains on the rivalry between India and Pakistan. Discussions of Sino-Indian relations remain limited. This is likely attributed to the stability in the two countries’ relations, yet it is worth asking why this stability exists and whether it is likely to continue in the future. Although China and India have an acrimonious relationship, their asymmetric nuclear capabilities and threat perceptions mitigate the danger of a traditional security dilemma. India may perceive China’s nuclear aggrandizement to be a security threat, but the same is not true of China, which has a vastly superior nuclear force and is largely shaping its nuclear-force structure in response to the threat it perceives from the United States. This dynamic makes a serious conventional or nuclear conflict highly unlikely.     

SDI,NATO, and the Social Composition Function

The strategic defense initiative (SDI) intends to renew the leadership of the USA on the western alliance. The initiative takes place in a period when a summation technology prevails for the aggregation of contributions of NATO allies. We investigate if SDI induces a shift in Hirshleifer’s social composition function. Panel data tests over the period 1970–1990 do not confirm any break toward a best-shot aggregator. SDI does not alter the core of deterrence. It is indeed a public good at the US level but not at the NATO level, where, it is one of the joint products of the alliance. We also investigate the lessons to be drawn for the current debates on ballistic defense.     

Imperial nostalgia,the liberal lie,and the perils of postmodern counterinsurgency

Since 9/11, counterinsurgency is back in fashion; the ‘war on terror’ has even been branded a ‘global counterinsurgency’. However the context within which counterinsurgency originally arose is critical to understanding the prospects for its present success; the radically changed environment in which it is currently being conducted casts into considerable doubt the validity of the doctrine's application by many national militaries currently ‘rediscovering’ this school of military thought today. Above all, classical counterinsurgency was a profoundly imperial, state-centric phenomenon; consequently it only rarely faced the thorny issue of sovereignty and legitimacy which bedevils and may doom these same efforts today.