基于任务冲击条件下弹药生产响应能力研究

在对弹药生产响应能力与生产速度关系分析的基础上,提出了基于任务冲击下,弹药生产响应能力的计算方法。对不同任务冲击度及生产速度约束条件下,弹药生产响应能力系数进行了对比,为任务冲击情况下弹药生产响应能力需求的确定提供参考。     

基于网络分析法的弹药生产响应能力影响因素

针对未来战场对弹药需求动态、突发、受任务冲击影响等特点,提出弹药生产响应能力概念,建立了任务冲击条件下弹药生产响应能力影响因素的指标体系。运用网络分析法,建立典型结构的弹药生产响应能力影响因素的网络模型,得出弹药生产响应能力的关键影响因素,为弹药生产响应能力分析与提高提供了科学研究方法。     

基于模糊层次分析法的非致命弹药安全管理系统评价

针对非致命弹药安全管理评估方面的空白,采用模糊层次分析法（FAHP）,从宏观上对非致命弹药安全管理系统进行评价。通过分析影响非致命弹药安全管理水平的因素,建立系统综合评价指标。分别建立不同指标间的模糊一致判断矩阵,确定隶属函数、权重值,最后得出定量评判结果,确定非致命弹药安全管理系统等级,对非致命弹药安全管理提供理论依据。     

武器系统综合能力的AHP群决策评价

武器系统综合能力的评价属于一类多目标决策问题,特别是有多人组成的决策者群参与时,问题就成为多目标群决策问题,此时,不仅要计算综合指标权重,还要确定决策者的权重.指标权重的计算方法较多,而决策者的权重往往是根据其知名度、职位、能力水平及对问题的熟悉程度来确定的,具有一定的主观性.通过分析判断矩阵群的一致性和相似性,来获取决策者的权重,并将之应用于对指标权重的综合,该方法在某武器系统综合能力的评价中的应用表明,其科学有效.     

信息系统体系作战弹药保障能力评估

弹药信息化是武器装备信息化的重要组成部分,直接影响战斗力的生成。如何分析、评估保障单位在信息系统体系作战弹药信息化保障能力的建设水平,对我军信息化建设至关重要。在分析影响弹药信息化保障能力形成的主要因素的基础上,构建了符合我军弹药信息化保障能力特点的评估指标体系,提出了一种基于主成分和集对分析法综合分析的基于信息系统体系作战弹药信息化保障能力评估方法,通过该方法可求得指标权重,最终获得被评估单位弹药信息化保障能力的整体建设水平。结合实例分析,验证构建的评估模型能够用于我军基于信息系统体系作战弹药信息化保障能力的评估,进一步为如何提高弹药信息化保障能力提供技术指导。     

基于云模型和FAHP熵权的空地弹药效能评估

准确、科学地评估空地弹药的作战效能,对武器装备的设计、研制、试验、采购、作战使用及维护具有重要的意义。充分利用云模型可将定性指标的模糊性和随机性有效结合的特点,构建了空地弹药作战效能的综合云评估模型。针对现有确定指标权重的方法存在主观性较强的不足,提出一种基于模糊层次分析法(FAHP)熵权的权重确定方法,有效利用了主观信息和客观信息。实例分析表明该模型可准确、客观、有效地评估空地弹药的作战效能。     

基于熵权的高炮武器系统综合能力评价

当把武器系统的综合能力分解为若干层次结构进行评价时,其关键在于确定底层评价指标的相对权重,虽然能够通过建立各层次指标间的相对重要性的判断矩阵,获得底层指标权重的单排序结果权重信息,但是这种权重信息具有一定的主观性,基于信息熵的熵权能够强化各武器系统对指标的贡献程度,弱化其相似性,具有相对的客观性,综合考虑客观熵权和专家主观权重的评价方法,能够通过客观的熵权信息来调整主观权重的偏差,使得武器系统的评价结果更为合理.对六套典型高炮武器系统综合能力的评价结果表明,该方法是有效的.     

基于粗糙集和TOPSIS的弹药目标匹配研究

针对多种弹药打击同一目标的弹种选取顺序问题,即弹药目标匹配顺序问题,从弹药毁伤和目标抗毁伤机理人手,构建弹药目标匹配指标体系,利用粗糙集理论约简弹药目标匹配指标体系并确定指标的客观权重,运用加权TOPSIS确定弹药目标综合匹配顺序,为最优火力分配决策提供了理论依据。     

多层次灰色评价法在后勤综合保障能力评估中的应用

对部队进行后勤综合保障能力评估是一项困难但十分重要的工作,利用多层次灰色评价法对后勤综合保障能力进行评估是一种比较科学的方法。评估时,先建立后勤保障能力评价指标体系,并用层次分析法确定各指标的权重。然后在样本矩阵的基础上确定评价灰类并计算灰色评价系数、权向量和权矩阵,从而对指标做出综合评价得到最终评价结果。最后,通过对该评价方法稍加改进,可以取得更加实用的评价结果。     

应用AHP法确定领导干部经济责任审计评价指标权重研究

确立包括科学的指标权重在内的评价指标体系,建立军队领导干部经济责任审计综合评价模型,是提高评价结果信度和效度的关键。文章应用层次分析法(AHP)为准确确定军队领导干部经济责任审计评价指标间权重提供了可行的途径。     

Putin – the masked nemesis of the strategy of ambiguity

Recent events demonstrate the complex and adaptive approach employed by Russia to reassert influence in Europe. The changing face of Russia’s strategy commenced in 2007 when it launched a crippling cyber-attack against Estonia. This was followed by a large Russian conventional attack against Georgia in 2008, occupying two large areas of the nation. 2014 witnessed the Russian annexation of Crimea where in just a week, Russia seized control of Crimea “without firing a shot.” The annexation of Crimea was rapidly followed by a Russian inspired and led subversive war in eastern Ukraine. The common thread among these diverse Russian operations is its use of ambiguity to confound and confuse decision makers in the West.     

India's counter-insurgency experience: the ‘trust and nurture’ strategy

The Indian Army, a force trained primarily for conventional warfare, has been engaged in internal counter-insurgency operations since the 1950s. Despite such a long innings on a counter-insurgency mode, little attention has been accorded within military circles to doctrinal innovation for waging sub-conventional warfare in India's democratic political context. At best, the Army continues to view counter-insurgency duty as secondary to its primary duty of defending India from external conventional threats. By conceptualizing a counter-insurgency strategy of ‘trust and nurture’, this article aims to fill this critical doctrinal gap in India's military policy. The author argues that a counter-insurgency strategy of ‘trust and nurture’ based on democratic political culture, measured military methods, special counter-insurgency forces, local social and cultural awareness and an integrative nation-building approach will result in positive handling of India's internal security problems. The author utilizes India's counter-insurgency experiences in Assam, Mizoram, Nagaland, Punjab, and Operation ‘Sadhbhavana’ in Jammu and Kashmir as illustrative empirical indicants in order to validate the ‘trust and nurture’ strategy.     

An Unlikely Alliance: Portuguese and South African Airpower in Angola, 1968–1974

The war that Portugal was obliged to fight in Africa began in 1961 and immediately stretched the resources of its armed forces. Nowhere was this thinness more apparent than in policing the vast territory of Angola. The east and southeast of Angola were particularly vulnerable, as the area was a vast, sparsely populated region characterised by enormous featureless plains or chanas covered in tall grass and broken by an extensive river system and mountainous forests. The only military solution to policing these immense spaces was aviation and specifically the helicopter that could carry troops into battle, protect them with a gunship and bring them home when the operation was concluded. The immediate problem for the Portuguese Air Force (Força Aérea Portuguesa or FAP) in Angola and elsewhere was a scarcity of helicopters. The solution was an alliance with South Africa, which had a strong inventory of Alouette IIIs, to help in policing the east. This move was likewise in the interest of South Africa, as its threat came from Zambia through south-eastern Angola. This article examines the strategic and tactical development of this unusual, cross-cultural alliance and the symbiotic relationship that resulted in destruction of the enemies of both in Angola.     

国内外结构钢焊条研究的现状与发展

本文主要介绍了国外焊条的现状和发展趋势,包括焊条的高韧性、高效率、低尘低毒和耐吸潮性能,为国内的焊条研究提供了参考依据。     

A Sign of Victory?: ‘Scottish Swords’ and Other Weapons in the Possession of the ‘Auld Innemie’

Many late medieval documents, notably inventories of arms and armour, of Englishmen contain references to ‘Scottish swords’ and other weapons. What did the compilers of these documents mean when they described a weapon as ‘Scottish’? How did such weapons come to be in the possession of these men? This article will attempt to explain this phenomenon drawing on primary documentary sources and surviving material culture from Glasgow Museums’ collections and others, as well as artworks from the period.     

Helping hands: civil–military cooperation and Italy's military operation abroad

In the Post-Bipolar Era the growing complexity of the military operations requires a new approach for the resolution of international crises. Since the end of the Cold War, peace support operations (PSO) have become the mainstay and principal occupation of most Western armies. At the same time, Italy has been one of the most important actors in such an area. The article focuses on the cooperation between military and civil components (a process called CIMIC) as a key variable in the Italian PSOs. We will analyse in detail the main lessons learned from past military interventions as well as the general context in which new tendencies are taking place. The maintaining of a minimum security frame becomes essential to fulfil activities ‘collateral’ to the mission: reconstructing services and infrastructure, food distribution, water and medication, law and order, de-mining, training of local forces, and supporting local institutions. These are the main tasks to obtain thrust and support from the population.     

Terrorism,insurgency, kidnapping,and security in Africa's energy sector

Energy continues to serve as the bedrock of modern economies and the main driver of modern society. For Africa, the production and supply of energy resources such as crude oil, natural gas, uranium, coal, biomass, biofuels and other renewables are an important source of employment, rents, taxes, royalties and profits. This sector brings in several tens of billions of dollars of revenue annually. The production and delivery of such resources, however, depend on critical infrastructures such as pipelines, refineries, processing plants, terminals, rigs, electrical energy pylons, substations, pump stations, vessels, and tankers. These infrastructures have been attacked by terrorists, insurgents, vandals and saboteurs, all of whom see them as targets against which to register their grievances and extract concessions from the state. This paper is a chronological account of some of the documented incidents of terrorism, insurgency, kidnapping, destruction, sabotage, and human casualties suffered in the oil and gas sectors in Africa between 1999 and 2012. It is based on data extracted from the databases of the RAND Database of World Terrorism Incidents and the University of Maryland's Global Terrorism Database (GTD).     

Cyberpower in Strategic Affairs: Neither Unthinkable nor Blessed

Abstract

This article explores the effect of connectivity on strategic affairs. It argues that the effect on war's character is potentially, although not yet shown in practice, considerably large. Its effect upon the distribution of power among states in the international system is small, contrary to the claims of ‘cyberwar’ alarmists. All told, however, its effect upon strategic affairs is complex. On the one hand, it represents a significant advance in the ‘complexification’ of state strategies, understood in the sense of the production of intended effects. On the other hand, strategists today – still predominantly concerned with the conflicts and confrontations of states and organised military power – are generally missing the power which non-traditional strategic actors, better adapted to the network flows of the information age, are beginning to deploy. These new forms of organization and coercion will challenge the status quo.