网络舆论战的理论探析

网络舆论战是一种新型作战样式。加强网络舆论战研究,既是信息化战争的时代要求,又是实现强军目标的客观需要,对于丰富具有我军特色的现代舆论战理论体系,推动我军政治工作的创新发展,具有十分重要意义。文章通过论述网络舆论战的地位作用和主要特点,对开展网络舆论战的基本战法进行了探讨。     

Modern Irregular Warfare: The ISIS Case Study

ISIS (the Islamic State of Iraq and Syria) has become a key political and military actor in the Middle East and in North Africa. This essay aims at outlining ISIS warfare through an analysis of its operations in the frame of hybrid warfare theory proposed by Frank Hoffman. Therefore, the paper deals with: the role of terrorist tactics in ISIS warfare and the relationship between terrorism and insurgency; ISIS use of technology, mainly with regard to suicide attacks and to drones; and the relevance of urban warfare. Finally, the paper highlights how ISIS operates and the most threatening features of its warfare.     

The Russian hybrid warfare strategy – neither Russian nor strategy

Following Russia’s annexation of Crimea and its initial actions in eastern Ukraine in 2014, the term hybrid warfare has received much public attention. Many have argued that the Russian actions we saw in Ukraine were part of a completely new strategy while others have suggested that there was nothing new in Russia’s actions. This article takes a critical look at these claims. Through the assessment of the history of the term hybrid warfare and a rigorous analysis of the so-called Gerasimov doctrine, this study finds that the Russian hybrid warfare strategy is rather a western myth than a formal comprehensive Russian strategic concept. Additionally, through the assessment of the Russian use of information operations and the way she has utilised the cyberspace in several recent conflicts, the study finds that against all claims Russia did not make these areas its main battlefield, but rather has been using them in support of its traditional concepts.     

网络舆论斗争系统模型与应对策略

装备技术已成为制约网络舆论斗争作战效能的关键性问题。论文突破传统的网络舆论斗争研究定式,根据网络舆论斗争的作战流程,建立了网络舆论斗争系统结构模型,分析了装备技术组成,给出了应对策略。论文的研究成果,对于发展网络舆论斗争装备技术,占领网络舆论制高点,具有重要理论意义和参考价值。     

The danger of “hybrid warfare” from a sophisticated adversary: the Russian “hybridity” in the Ukrainian conflict

The term “hybrid warfare” is a new one that the West began to use to explain its failure to cope with asymmetric threats. Focusing on the war on global terrorism, the West temporarily withdrew its attention from traditional adversaries, such as Russia, which has used this gap and has audaciously returned to the stage as a global actor. Until the Russian annexation of the Crimean Peninsula in 2014 and inflaming the Ukrainian crisis, most Western authors attributed “hybrid threats” mostly to non-state actors. But the Ukrainian scenario showed the true face of “hybridity” in the modern battlefield when practised by a powerful state actor. Russian “hybrid warfare” in Ukraine has already been seen as a combination of conventional and unconventional methods, that have been complemented with other instruments of national power – diplomatic, economic and information. The purpose of this article is, through an analysis of the Ukrainian scenario, to demonstrate that although the term “hybrid” is new, the concept itself is old and is a continuation of already seen doctrine from the Cold War era. Although “hybrid threats” can come both from state and non-state actors, the Russian interference in Ukraine is proof that they are especially dangerous for the West if, or when, they are initiated from a traditional, sophisticated adversary that has the capacity to use all forms of warfare.     

网络战对作战的影响及对策

网络战作为一种新的作战形式引入作战领域,越来越受到各国重视,并已成为世界各国争相研究和重点建设的作战样式。文章从网络战的特点入手,针对网络战对作战影响进行了探讨,并从构建网络体系、研发武器装备、重视人才培养和加强训练演练四个方面阐述了强化军队网络战的对策措施。     

Carlo Bianco and Guerra per bande: an Italian approach to irregular warfare

Since the end of the Cold War, a huge debate over how war has been changing has emerged; a common feature is that modern conflicts are not state vs. state wars, but ‘irregular wars’. In order to better understand modern irregular warfare, it is important to analyse past authors and ideas. Carlo Bianco’s concept of Guerra per bande highlights elements of mobility with different cooperating units, of terror, and of complex terrain. The present study offers the first English analysis of Carlo Bianco and underlines the similarities of his work to the hybrid warfare concept.     

复杂电磁环境舰艇电子对抗仿真系统研究

针对目前舰艇电子对抗装备作战效能分析、作战使用方法研究和训练平台实用性不强的现状，采用复杂电磁环境生成技术，运用电子对抗作战使用理论，结合系列研练电子对抗反导积累相关数据，建立电子对抗仿真模型，实现仿真系统控制、复杂电磁环境接收与生成、三维海战场环境仿真显示、多型电子对抗显控界面仿真、舰艇电子对抗作战效能评估、舰艇电子对抗仿真训练成绩评定等功能，研制贴近实际的复杂电磁环境水面舰艇电子对抗装备作战运用仿真系统，以充分发挥舰艇电子对抗装备的作战潜能。     

关于战略级推演模拟型作战实验的思考

摘要：在划分作战实验类别的基础上,界定了战略级推演模拟型作战实验的基本概念;从国家战略目标确立、国际局势把握、联合作战指挥人才培养的角度,阐述了战略级推演模拟型作战实验的作用及意义;从以军事战略方针为指导、与军队建设和军事作战协调发展、以作战实验机构为依托、以作战实验技术手段为支撑的角度,分析了战略级推演模拟型作战实验的基本要求;从功能结构、逻辑概念结构、运行模式的角度,进行了战略级推演模拟型作战实验室的初步设计。研究结果可为推动作战实验的创新发展提供理论参考。     

认知电子战综述

认知电子战通常被定义为以具备认知性能的电子战装备为基础,注重自主交互式的电磁环境学习能力与动态智能化的对抗任务处理能力的电子战形态。自其被首次提出以来,以其感知准、推理强、决策快的优势备受国内外研究学者广泛关注。随着人工智能新理念、新技术、新应用的不断涌现,认知电子战步入崭新的发展阶段。为捕捉其未来发展方向,从人工智能角度出发,总结并丰富了认知电子战概念内涵,梳理认知电子战的发展脉络及外国典型项目,搭建认知电子战系统框架及架构,从感知、判断、决策等方面对认知听电子战关键技术进行了全面系统综述,并总结了认知电子战面临的挑战和发展趋势。     

Hybrid warfare through the lens of strategic theory

Hybrid warfare is the latest of the terms/concepts that have been used within the defence community in the last three decades to label contemporary warfare. It has been officially adopted in the core strategic documents of NATO, EU and national governments and has already inspired many articles, policy papers and books; however, this paper is unique in the sense that it analysis the hybrid warfare concept through the lens of strategic theory. It is argued that hybrid warfare does not merit the adoption as a doctrinal concept. Strategic theory instead, which lies at the nexus of all dimensions of warfare, provides a better viewpoint to approach contemporary warfare. It concludes that efforts should be directed towards exploring warfare under the light of eternal principles instead of proving the emergence of new types of warfare.     

心理战领域研究的科学知识图谱

为把握心理战领域的研究现状,本文基于文献计量与科学知识图谱技术,对CNKI与WoS收录的心理战领域研究文献进行计量分析,并绘制文献的时间分布图谱、关键词共现图谱以及关键词突变图谱。在此基础上,对国内外心理战领域研究的科研合作、研究热点及研究前沿进行了探索与对比,并提出应制定完善的心理战条令,建立专门的心理战职能部门,加强心理战人才培养及提高部队官兵的心理素质等几项措施、建议,期望为国内心理战领域的进一步研究提供借鉴与参考。     

Surrogate warfare: the art of war in the 21st century?

Airpower, drones and cyber-weapons are employed by states in conjunction with local armed non-state actors in an effort to coercively intervene in the crises of the twenty-first century. While the externalization of the burden of warfare is a return to pre-modern war, it is the change in the underlying socio-political relations between the state and its military agent that is a novel phenomenon in surrogate warfare. This article demonstrates that in a post-Westphalian era characterized by non-state violence, globalized conflicts, a prioritization of risk management in a mediatized environment, the state has to explore new ways to remain relevant as the primary communal security provider. Thereby, the organization of violence has departed from the employment of the state’s soldier as the primary bearer of the burden of warfare to a mode of war where technological and human surrogates enable the state to manage the risks of post-modern conflict remotely. In this article, we conceptually explore surrogate warfare as a socio-political phenomenon within the context of globalized, privatized, securitized and mediatized war.     

‘Immediate redress’: USS Potomac and the pirates of Quallah Batoo

Maritime interests in the twenty-first century are not immune to the growing number of irregular challenges and hybrid threats that have come to dominate land warfare. In order to better understand these challenges a study of naval history can help provide a vital foundation. In the early 1830s the United States Navy dispatched the frigate USS Potomac to Sumatra to investigate a pirate attack on the spice trader Friendship. Potomac's crew of sailors and Marines conducted a landing at the village Quallah Batoo and fought a pitched battle. As the navies of the world approach naval irregular warfare in the new century, studying past examples like Potomac's mission can help illuminate the principles of successful naval irregular warfare.     

论指挥控制战与电子战

概述了指挥控制战的概念与产生的背景,讨论了电子战与指挥控制战的关系。     

Postmodern warfare and the blurred boundaries between war and peace

Each age has its own wars and its own forms of warfare. In today’s evolving world risk society warfare has entered a new development stage. The states of the “global North” adapt their forms of intervention. They increasingly practice postmodern warfare characterized especially by the role of influencing the information space, networked approaches, the incorporation of indirect and covert actions, and the special quality of new technologies. This practice furthers an increasing grey zone between limiting and de-bounding of warfare. The phenomenon of postmodern warfare raises some tough questions and offers a rich research agenda.     

太空战及其对未来作战的影响

详细地叙述了太空战以及太空战对未来战争的影响。谁占据了太空,谁就能控制全球。太空战的出现将对未来的军事作战理论、武器装备的发展及技术走向产生深远的影响。     

信息化条件下防精确打击的策略

信息化条件下,精确打击已经成为主要的火力打击方式,防精确打击是一个现实而紧迫的课题。介绍了精确打击武器的概念、分类和应用现状;针对各种精确打击武器的制导原理,提出防精确打击的主要策略。认为反侦察是防精确打击的关键,干扰制导装置是重要手段,建立完善的预警系统必不可少,设置假目标是低成本高效益的防精确打击措施。     

网络中心战的系统动力学模型研究

网络中心战是信息时代的一种新的作战模式,深入研究其特点及对作战的影响具有十分重要的意义。明确了网络中心战的基本概念,基于系统动力学理论,针对网络中心战对空军作战的影响,建立了相应的系统动力学模型,通过不同仿真结果的比较,阐明了网络中心战的主要特点,并做出了相应的对策分析。     

作战系统MAS中的作战行动域与实际组元逻辑关系分析

建立作战系统多Agent系统(Multi-Agent System,MAS)组织,必须首先建立由作战系统实际组元到Agent的映射。围绕作战系统MAS的建立,在提出由作战系统实际组元到Agent的映射过程与方法的基础上,提出了作战系统领域概念视图、作战行动域及其各层次概念、实际组元逻辑关系分析的基本方法,为实现基于多Agent的作战系统建模与仿真奠定基础。在基于多Agent的信息化战场多传感器仿真演示系统中,证明了该方法的可行性与有效性。