舰炮近炸引信预制破片弹在反导中的弹丸威力分析

舰炮使用近炸引信预制破片弹进行反导,是舰炮反导的一种重要方式,近炸引信预制破片弹弹丸威力是影响舰炮使用该弹种反导效能的一个重要因素,通过分析舰炮使用近炸引信预制破片弹的反导过程和毁伤机理,用弹丸毁伤破片数描述弹丸威力,对弹丸威力及毁伤破片进行了定义,建立了一套计算弹丸毁伤破片数的方法,得出了反导过程中弹丸威力随拦截距离的增加而变化,是一动态威力的重要结论。     

舰炮对空射击无线电近炸引信作用范围定量分析

舰炮对空射击时,对无线电近炸引信作用范围的研究,是评估装有无线电引信炮弹射击效能的基础.为探索舰炮对空射击时,无线电近炸引信的作用规律,在深入分析无线电近炸引信动作特点的基础上,采取定量分析的方法,研究了无线电近炸引信的作用机理.为定量分析无线电近炸引信的作用范围和评估装有无线电引信炮弹的射击效能提供科学的方法和手段.     

地面火炮新型弹药动态毁伤效能研究

针对地面火炮新型弹药毁伤效能分析难的问题,提出综合运用终点效应理论、可视化建模、动力学仿真、数据挖掘等分析新型弹药实战条件下对典型目标动态毁伤效能的思想;运用该思想计算某型预制破片弹对轻型装甲目标的动态毁伤效能,分析了毁伤效能随射向偏差角、落角、距离偏差量、炸高等实战因素的变化规律,给出该型预制破片弹作战使用的合理建议.     

火箭深弹使用编码声非触发引信作战效能研究

针对深弹传统引信存在的问题,对深弹武器的特点及深弹引信的使用现状进行了分析,建立了传统引信与非触发引信射击效能计算模型,进行了仿真计算和分析,计算结果表明采用声非触发引信可大大提高火箭深弹作战效能,对编码声非触发深弹引信的研制以及新型深弹武器系统的发展具有重要参考意义.     

某型无线电引信炸高贮存可靠性研究

阐述了无线电引信炸高可靠度的估计方法,用某型无线电引信的射击试验数据计算出炸高可靠度,通过回归建立起炸高贮存可靠度数学模型,并利用数学模型对各贮存年限的炸高可靠度进行预测。     

榴弹通用电容近炸引信仿真测试系统分析

在弹丸引信方面,仿真测试技术己成功应用于重型反坦克导弹、红箭—73导弹、60毫米和82毫米迫击炮弹、90毫米航空火箭弹等电容近炸引信的研制和生产中。对于榴弹通用电容近炸引信,由于该产品要求弹丸炸高在0.5～3m之间,使用常规测试方法很难进行准确测试,而高速录像目前的技术水准(1万帧/s)在高落速时会产生不容忽视的相对误差且价格昂贵无法广泛使用。因此,在榴弹通用电容近炸引信研制开发之初就同时提出了对其仿真测试系统的研制要求。电容近炸引信仿真测试系统是实验室半实物打靶仿真系统,其实质是模拟各种射击条件下目标对引信的作用,因而系统可以检测不同弹目交会条件下引信的动态工作状况和预置炸高。该仿真测试系统采用微电脑控制,设计思想先进,结     

舰炮武器系统对导弹目标毁伤概率的数字仿真

以某型反导舰炮武器系统为原型,通过分析舰炮武器系统反导作战过程,利用靶场舰炮武器系统的动态精度试验数据,建立了动态精度计算毁伤概率的数学模型,模拟了舰炮武器系统对导弹目标着发射击的毁伤概率,实现了毁伤概率的仿真计算,仿真结果与实弹射击结果接近.结果表明,应用这种方法,可以实现动态精度预估毁伤概率,为射击试验方案制定提供决策依据,也可以为舰炮武器系统射击效力的鉴定和效能评估提供参考.     

神经网络在靶场动态精度预测射击精度中的应用

在靶场,动态精度试验可以得到较为充分的样本量,射击精度试验样本量往往相对不足。利用动态精度预测射击精度可以增加射击精度试验样本量,不过如何利用动态精度预测射击精度,一直是靶场舰炮武器系统试验中不易解决的难题。利用神经网络技术,结合靶场试验数据,建立了动态精度预测射击精度的模型,实现了动态精度数据预测射击精度。结果表明,...     

基于零飞误差的舰炮武器射击效能仿真

为探讨零飞试验在舰炮武器系统试验中的作用,以舰炮跟踪真实目标获取的零飞误差数据为基础,建立了直接命中体制反导舰炮武器系统的仿真模型,在较接近真实的条件下模拟计算了舰炮武器系统的射击效能,给出了某舰炮武器系统的命中概率和毁伤概率的仿真计算结果。计算结果与实弹射击结果接近,表明该仿真方法不仅可以预测武器系统零飞试验后的系统精度,还可以验证射击试验结果的置信度。     

区域封锁弹药对机场运动目标的毁伤效能分析

基于区域封锁弹药战斗部破片场模型、机场运动目标易损性模型、区域封锁弹药作用方式、弹目交汇模型、坐标系转换关系,建立了单个区域封锁预制破片弹对机场运动目标的毁伤效能分析模型。以F-16飞机和装甲车辆为例进行了某区域封锁弹药毁伤效能的分析,可为区域封锁弹药的设计及毁伤效能分析提供参考。     

Putin – the masked nemesis of the strategy of ambiguity

Recent events demonstrate the complex and adaptive approach employed by Russia to reassert influence in Europe. The changing face of Russia’s strategy commenced in 2007 when it launched a crippling cyber-attack against Estonia. This was followed by a large Russian conventional attack against Georgia in 2008, occupying two large areas of the nation. 2014 witnessed the Russian annexation of Crimea where in just a week, Russia seized control of Crimea “without firing a shot.” The annexation of Crimea was rapidly followed by a Russian inspired and led subversive war in eastern Ukraine. The common thread among these diverse Russian operations is its use of ambiguity to confound and confuse decision makers in the West.     

India's counter-insurgency experience: the ‘trust and nurture’ strategy

The Indian Army, a force trained primarily for conventional warfare, has been engaged in internal counter-insurgency operations since the 1950s. Despite such a long innings on a counter-insurgency mode, little attention has been accorded within military circles to doctrinal innovation for waging sub-conventional warfare in India's democratic political context. At best, the Army continues to view counter-insurgency duty as secondary to its primary duty of defending India from external conventional threats. By conceptualizing a counter-insurgency strategy of ‘trust and nurture’, this article aims to fill this critical doctrinal gap in India's military policy. The author argues that a counter-insurgency strategy of ‘trust and nurture’ based on democratic political culture, measured military methods, special counter-insurgency forces, local social and cultural awareness and an integrative nation-building approach will result in positive handling of India's internal security problems. The author utilizes India's counter-insurgency experiences in Assam, Mizoram, Nagaland, Punjab, and Operation ‘Sadhbhavana’ in Jammu and Kashmir as illustrative empirical indicants in order to validate the ‘trust and nurture’ strategy.     

Helping hands: civil–military cooperation and Italy's military operation abroad

In the Post-Bipolar Era the growing complexity of the military operations requires a new approach for the resolution of international crises. Since the end of the Cold War, peace support operations (PSO) have become the mainstay and principal occupation of most Western armies. At the same time, Italy has been one of the most important actors in such an area. The article focuses on the cooperation between military and civil components (a process called CIMIC) as a key variable in the Italian PSOs. We will analyse in detail the main lessons learned from past military interventions as well as the general context in which new tendencies are taking place. The maintaining of a minimum security frame becomes essential to fulfil activities ‘collateral’ to the mission: reconstructing services and infrastructure, food distribution, water and medication, law and order, de-mining, training of local forces, and supporting local institutions. These are the main tasks to obtain thrust and support from the population.     

Terrorism,insurgency, kidnapping,and security in Africa's energy sector

Energy continues to serve as the bedrock of modern economies and the main driver of modern society. For Africa, the production and supply of energy resources such as crude oil, natural gas, uranium, coal, biomass, biofuels and other renewables are an important source of employment, rents, taxes, royalties and profits. This sector brings in several tens of billions of dollars of revenue annually. The production and delivery of such resources, however, depend on critical infrastructures such as pipelines, refineries, processing plants, terminals, rigs, electrical energy pylons, substations, pump stations, vessels, and tankers. These infrastructures have been attacked by terrorists, insurgents, vandals and saboteurs, all of whom see them as targets against which to register their grievances and extract concessions from the state. This paper is a chronological account of some of the documented incidents of terrorism, insurgency, kidnapping, destruction, sabotage, and human casualties suffered in the oil and gas sectors in Africa between 1999 and 2012. It is based on data extracted from the databases of the RAND Database of World Terrorism Incidents and the University of Maryland's Global Terrorism Database (GTD).     

Tacit support for terrorism: The rapprochement between the USSR and Palestinian guerrilla organizations following the 1967 war

This article demonstrates the inconsistent and wavering Soviet attitude towards national liberation movements in general and the Palestinian organizations in particular. Until the late 1960s, the Soviets viewed these organizations with suspicion, hesitating to engage in political dialogue with them. However, in the 1970s, political and military events in the region, as well as modifications in the Kremlin's Cold War strategies, led to a general shift towards the Middle East in Soviet foreign policy. Soviet leaders showed increased willingness to provide certain Palestinian organizations with arms with which to conduct terrorist activities against Israeli, pro-Israeli, Jewish and Western targets. The article explores the complex relations between Palestinian organizations and the USSR in the field of international terror. The study also exposes and analyzes the nature and content of Soviet–Palestinian arms dialogues and transactions. It provides clear evidence that Soviet policymakers and other luminaries were fully informed of, and sometimes directly involved in, these transactions and dialogues at the highest levels.     

A1 Qaeda and the radical Islamic challenge to western strategy

The September 11 global crisis prompted by the attacks on the World Trade Center and the Pentagon raises major questions concerning the nature and trajectory of terrorism in the post-Cold War global order. Hitherto, terrorism has been largely debated by analysts at the level of nation states. Terrorist and insurgent movements have also been largely anchored in nationalist and ethnic power bases even when they have sought to mobilise a transnational ideological appeal on religious or class grounds. There have been a few exceptions to this pattern such as the alliance between the German Baader-Meinhof group and the Japanese Red Army Faction, but even such international alliances as this did not, until at least the 1980s, presage anything like a global terrorist network necessitating a global strategic response. This study examines terrorism and global strategic responses.     

Reviews

Douglas S. Derrer, We Are All the Target: A Handbook of Terrorism Avoidance and Hostage Survival. Annapolis, MD: US Naval Institute Press, 1992. Pp. x+135, notes, index. $14.95. ISBN 01–55750–150–5

Ian Knight, Zulu: Isandlwana and Rorke's Drift, 22–23 January 1879. London: Windrow & Greene, 1992. Pp.136, 150 illus., incl 8 colour plates, maps, biblio. £35. ISBN 1–872004–23–7

Ian Knight, By the Orders of the Great White Queen: Campaigning in Zululand through the Eyes of the British Soldiers, 1879. London: Greenhill Books and Novato: Presidio Press, 1992. Pp. 272, 17 illus., 1 map. £18.95. ISBN 1–85367–122–3

Manfried Rauchensteiner and Erwin A. Schmidl (eds.), Formen des Krieges: vom Mittelalter zum ‘Low‐intensity’ Conflict’. Graz : Verlag Styria, 1991. Pp.208. DM35. ISBN 3–22–12139–7

Harold J. Kearsley, Maritime Power and the Twenty‐First Century. Dartmouth: Dartmouth Publishing Company, Limited, 1992. Pp.xv + 203, 13 diagrams, index. £32.50. ISBN 1–85521–288–9     

Helping hands: external support for the KNU insurgency in Burma

This article analyses to what extent the Burmese KNU insurgency made use of external support from states, refugees, and diasporas. Based on extensive fieldwork it is concluded that support from neighbouring states and refugees has for years kept the Karen rebellion alive. Western countries perceived forms of resistance to the illegitimate Burmese regime as just and have therefore played a crucial role in the continuation of conflict in Karen State. It is important that policymakers and donors as well as executing organizations continue to reflect critically on the way they exercise their work.     

基于GTST-DMLD-ESD的装备RMS建模仿真

装备的RMS是装备的重要设计参数,是影响战备完好和保障能力的关键因素.引入GTST-DMLD作为主要建模工具,建立起装备系统的RMS描述模型,以ESD为补充和扩展,对维修过程进行建模.并以GTST-DMLD-ESD模型作为装备RMS仿真的核心,对装备RMS仿真模型的总体框架进行了研究,并对各模块进行了较为详细的探讨.