10.6μm 双路 NH2D 斯塔克盒稳频CO2 激光拍频系统研究

在无恒温设备,无特殊防震措施,激光器采用泵浦循环水冷却,稳频环路采用常温热释电探测器的条件下,我们成功地建立了１０．６μｍ双路ＮＨ_２Ｄ斯塔克盒稳频ＣＯ_２激光拍频系统。文中重点对稳频系统的频率稳定性的拍频测试进行实验研究,并对关键技术进行了讨论。用拍频法及阿仑方差评价的频率稳定性是：取样时间为１０_ｓ、１ｓ的频率稳定性优于４×１０~（－１０）;取样时间为１００ｍｓ、１０ｍｓ、１ｍｓ的频率稳定性优于１．７×１０~（－９）。     

基于近场声全息的空压机噪声源识别

近场声金息(NAH)是一种有效的噪声源分析工具,当噪声源声场由一些不相干或部分相干的声源叠加而成时.就必须利用声场分解技术将总的辐射声场分解成各个互不相干的子声场,然后再对每一个子声场进行NAH分析.利用NAH争基于偏相干的声场分解技术对CZ-20-C型空压机进行了噪声源识别定位和分解研究.试验结果表明:该方法可以较好...     

相干匹配滤波扩展频谱通信系统的研究

本文研究并实现了一种基于声表面波匹配滤波器的扩谱通信方案。为了在低的扩谱处理增益条件下,尽量提高系统的抗干扰能力,本文克服了电路实现上的困难,采用梳状滤波器完成了相干相关峰载波的提取,实现了相干解调。从声表面波匹配滤波器输出 信号中提取相干载波是本方案实现中最关键,也是最难解决的问题。本文分析了方案相对最佳非相干解调的性能,给出了理论分析的结果。     

空间重采样的宽带多重信号分类算法高分辨方位估计

空间重采样法是宽带恒定束宽波束形成的一种重要方法,采用声矢量阵推导了基于空间重采样的宽带MUSIC算法,并和相干子空间FFT插值法做了仿真比较,结果表明,所提算法的性能优于FFT插值法,表现为更低的分辨信噪比门限和估计均方误差上.     

激光武器对红外导引头的软破坏研究

针对舰载激光武器破坏反舰导弹的问题,研究了激光对红外制导反舰导弹导引头的软破坏。以激光辐照红外探测器为例,建立了舰载激光武器对红外制导反舰导弹探测器的破坏模型,计算了1.06μm激光海上大气传输的大气透过率,进行了0.632μm激光辐照CCD成像系统的实验,估算了对远距离红外制导反舰导弹探测器实现有效破坏所需发射的激光能量,得出了一些有价值的数据和结论。     

膜型声子晶体原胞结构隔声性能试验研究

针对船舶舱室噪声低频控制问题，以一种薄膜型声子晶体原胞结构为研究对象，采用阻抗管法进行隔声性能试验研究，探究了不同配重质量、薄膜厚度和框架厚度对其隔声性能的影响规律。试验研究结果表明：配重质量、薄膜厚度和框架厚度增加均能提升薄膜型声子晶体的隔声性能，其中以配重质量影响最为明显；相较于无配重及单侧配重情况，双侧配重的薄膜型声子晶体隔声频段大幅拓宽，隔声量在中低频及高频显著增加，低频略有降低；增加薄膜厚度及框架厚度均可有效向低频拓宽薄膜型声子晶体的隔声频段并提高隔声量，以增加框架厚度，对低频隔声性能的提升更为明显。     

宽带SAR子带脉冲循环转发干扰

宽带SAR利用脉冲压缩获得距离向高处理增益,同时利用合成孔径技术获得方位向的处理增益,常规的噪声干扰难以奏效。利用频带匹配的相干干扰信号虽然可以获得较好的干扰效果,但现有器件条件下难以产生足够高的干扰信号功率。子带脉冲循环转发干扰技术利用子带脉冲与雷达信号的部分相关特性,获取一定的处理增益,在一定程度上提高了干扰功率的利用效率。理论分析和仿真结果表明,脉间去相关的子带脉冲循环转发干扰可以形成较好的压制干扰,具有更好的使用价值。     

基于有限元分析的金属套／陶瓷柱外伸式过盈连接应力分布规律

以45^#金属套和氮化硅陶瓷柱为研究对象，采用有限元法分析了不同过盈量下金属套／陶瓷柱外伸式过盈连接的应力分布规律。结果表明：陶瓷柱在接触边缘均存在明显的边缘效应，轴向应力梯度较大；金属套在接触边缘内侧存在显著的应力集中，其值远大于对应位置陶瓷柱的压应力，易于导致陶瓷材料破坏。采用热胀法进行了试验验证，过盈连接试样均在12h内发生自然断裂，较好地验证了有限元分析结果。     

基于直接数据域自适应算法的相干信号DOA估计

利用直接数据域自适应算法的稳态权值代替噪声子空间构建空间谱,构造了一种超分辨波达方向(DOA)估计方法.为了解决谱峰搜索时的伪峰问题,采用参考阵元轮换得到多组线性无关稳态权值,逼近噪声子空间,能有效去除伪峰.针对相干信号的DOA估计,进一步提出了直接数据域取对称共轭向量的解相干方法.相比子空间分解类算法,本文算法不需估计信号源数目和协方差矩阵、不需特征分解,复杂度仅为O(MP),同时能有效完成解相干处理.     

岩石拉压特征的相似性

本文通过近年来岩石力学的试验结果,其中包括单轴拉压力和压应力作用不同岩石的完全应力－应变曲线,受拉强度和受压强度的载荷速度效应,以及蠕变寿命随蠕变应力水平的变化等,研究了岩石在拉应力和压应力作用下上述力学特征的相似性和规律性,并通过电子显微镜对岩石试件裂缝扩展过程的观察,以及破坏断面的显微分析,讨论了拉应力和压应力作用下岩石裂缝扩展和变形破坏的力学机制。     

1.25cm 体效应振荡器研制

文中讨论了一种1.25cm波段的波导型体效应振荡器。其主腔采用可调节的同轴减高波导座结构,使电路与二极管实现良好匹配。文中着重讨论了主腔各部尺寸对振荡器特性的影响。稳频腔采用高Q值的H_(011)模式圆柱腔,并采用线胀系数不同的金属材料进行温度补偿,提高了频率稳定度。利用WT55型体效应管,在23-25GH_2频带内,功率输出大于30mw,频率稳定度为5×10~(-5)。     

Prediction of concentration of toxic gases produced by detonation of commercial explosives by thermochemical equilibrium calculations

An adverse effect resulting from explosive mine blasts is the production of toxic nitrogen oxides (NO and NO₂) and carbon monoxide (CO). The empirical measurements of the concentration of toxic gases showed that it depends not only on the composition of an explosive and properties of its ingredients but also on several other parameters, such as volume of blasting chamber, explosive charge mass and design, confinement characteristics, surrounding atmosphere, etc. That explains why measured concentrations of toxic gases reported in literature significantly differ.In this paper, we discuss the possibility of theoretical prediction of the concentration of toxic gases by thermochemical equilibrium calculation applying two models: ideal detonation model and deflagration model. It can be demonstrated that thermochemical calculations can provide a good estimation of the measured concentrations and reproduce experimentally obtained effects of additives on the production of toxic gases. It was also found that the ideal detonation model applies to heavily confined explosive charges, while the deflagration model is more suitable for low detonation velocity explosives with light confinement.     

AFRICA'S TRIPLE TRANSITION

Sub-Saharan Africa has witnessed the end of foreign colonial rule, the rise and fall of autocratic political regimes, and the disappearance of statist command economies. The challenges were to turn populations into coherent nations owing allegiance to the state; to democratise the state structures that govern these populations; and to liberalise the rules that regulate economic transactions. An important source to assess these prospects are the views and attitudes of ordinary Africans. This essay reflects on the original data derived from a crossnational research project. Nine African states were surveyed between 1999 and 2000. An attempt is made to gather some propositions from the analysis of the data. Many present serious challenges to common wisdom about African politics. It appears that the process of nationbuilding has created coherent political communities with high levels of national identity; that democratising the state in Africa builds on existing indigenous demands from ordinary Africans; and that economic liberalisation proceeds in the face of a mixed set of values about market and state.     

Transportation problems with some xij negative and transshipment problems

The general solution process of the Hitchcock transportation problem resulting from the application of the method of reduced matrices may give solutions with some negative x_ij values. This paper is devoted to a review of the reduced matrices method, an examination of suitable interpretation of sets of x_ij which include some negative values, and ways of interpreting these values in useful modifications of the Hitchcock problem. Such modifications include a) the reshipment problem, b) the overshipment problem, and c) the transshipment problem. Techniques are developed for determining and eliminating c_ij which are not optimal. These techniques and results are useful in solving the problems indicated above. The natural applicability of the simple and general method of reduced matrices is emphasized.     

纳米氧化钒薄膜的制备

以钒醇盐为原料,采用溶胶—凝胶法制备了具有纳米结构的氧化钒薄膜,对影响氧化钒溶胶稳定性的因素进行了系统研究,并初步探讨了焙烧工艺条件对氧化钒薄膜价态的影响。     

KK分布杂波下的距离扩展目标检测算法

针对服从KK分布的大拖尾雷达杂波背景下的扩展目标检测问题,利用球不变随机变量表示了KK分布雷达杂波模型。在假设目标回波幅度已知的情况下,研究了基于Neyman-Pearson准则的距离扩展目标最优积累检测器,并通过对目标幅度的最大似然估计,推导了广义最大似然比检验检测器模型。为了降低这两种检测器中因计算第二类修正的贝塞尔函数而引入的运算复杂度,提出了一种基于顺序统计量的广义似然比检测器。该检测器利用检测窗内幅度较大的距离单元回波作为目标回波进行判决。利用蒙特卡罗仿真对这三种算法的性能进行了验证与比较,虽然最优积累检测器与广义似然比检测器具有更好的检测性能,但实现困难,计算量大,而基于顺序统计量的广义似然比检测器则具有更高的实用性。     

棱纹面与洛仑兹力对湍流边界层特性影响的比较

用氢气泡技术对棱纹面平板以及施加行波式洛仑兹力的平板水边界层开展流动显示实验研究,探讨棱纹面与行波式洛仑兹力影响湍流边界层相干结构的作用机理.实验结果表明,棱纹面与洛仑兹力促进了边界层由层流向湍流的转捩;而对于湍流边界层,在一定的无量纲参数范围内棱纹面与行波式洛仑兹力都能实现边界层的局部减阻,相应地湍流边界层粘性底层低速条带平均间距有所增加.     

On the conditional residual lifetime of coherent systems under double regularly checking

In this paper, we consider a coherent system with n independent and identically distributed components under the condition that the system is monitored at time instances t₁ and t₂ (t₁ < t₂). First, various mixture representations for reliability function of the conditional residual lifetime of the coherent system are derived under different scenarios at times t₁ and t₂ (t₁ < t₂). Several stochastic comparisons between two systems are also made based on the proposed conditional random variables. Then, we consider the conditional residual lifetime of the functioning components of the system given that j components have failed at time t₁ and the system has failed at time t₂. Some stochastic comparisons on the proposed conditional residual lifetimes are investigated. Several illustrative graphs and examples are also provided.     

Effect of tool rotational speed on the particle distribution in friction stir welding of AA6092/17.5 SiCp-T6 composite plates and its consequences on the mechanical property of the joint

This study investigates the effect of tool rotational speed (TRS) on particle distribution in nugget zone (NZ) through quantitative approach and its consequences on the mechanical property of friction stir welded joints of AA6092/17.5 SiC_p-T6 composite. 6 mm thick plates are welded at a constant tool tilt angle of 2° and tool traverse speed of 1 mm/s by varying the TRS at 1000 rpm, 1500 rpm and 2000 rpm with a taper pin profiled tool. Microstructure analysis shows large quantity of uniformly shaped smaller size SiC particle with lower average particle area which are homogeneously distributed in the NZ. The fragmentation of bigger size particles has been observed because of abrading action of the hard tool and resulting shearing effect and severe stress generation due to the rotation of tool. The particles occupy maximum area in the matrix compared to that of the base material (BM) due to the redistribution of broken particles as an effect of TRS. The migration of particles towards the TMAZ-NZ transition zone has been also encountered at higher TRS (2000 rpm). The microhardness analysis depicts variation in average hardness from top to bottom of the NZ, minimum for 1500 rpm and maximum for 2000 rpm. The impact strength at 1000 rpm and 1500 rpm remains close to that of BM (21.6 J) while 2000 rpm shows the accountable reduction. The maximum joint efficiency has been achieved at 1500 rpm (84%) and minimum at 1000 rpm (68%) under tensile loading. Fractographic analysis shows mixed mode of failure for BM, 1000 rpm and 1500 rpm, whereas 2000 rpm shows the brittle mode of failure.     

微波脉冲对导航接收机跟踪环路载噪比的影响

为了明确微波脉冲对导航接收机的最佳干扰参数,通过对微波脉冲干扰下导航接收机跟踪环路相关处理的理论分析,根据微波脉冲谱线、扩频码谱线以及相干积分时间三者之间的关系,提出一种微波脉冲干扰分类方法,推导了不同参数微波脉冲干扰下相关输出功率和载噪比,并进行了试验验证。理论分析与试验结果表明,当微波脉冲宽度大于等于扩频码周期且小于相干积分时间时,进入相干积分器带宽内的多条微波脉冲谱线干扰某一条扩频码谱线,该微波脉冲参数对导航接收机的干扰效果最佳,且优于连续波干扰;随着干扰谱线数量增多,跟踪环路相关输出功率值增加,载噪比减小,干扰效果增强。