空基平台无源定位精度分析

针对三维空间内的空基平台对海面目标的无源定位问题,在考虑了多种测量误差因素的条件下,建立了定位模型,分析了各种测量误差对最终定位精度的影响.仿真实验表明,所采用的定位精度分析方法能够有效的分析空基平台的定位精度.从仿真实验结果中得到了各种测量误差对定位精度影响的一些指导性结论,为提高空基平台无源定位的测量精度提供了依据.     

炮位雷达定位精度的数值模拟

在建立炮位雷达定位弹道模型和空气弹道模型的基础上,设计了一种定量求取雷达定位精度的方法:通过空气弹道模型,获取任意弹道上任意点弹道诸元,然后从任意点弹道诸元中提取所需两点诸元(作为雷达捕获的两点)和飞行时间,再利用雷达定位模型,模拟计算各种定位参数组合情况下的定位精度,得出一些有用的规律性结论,为提高雷达定位精度,扩大其配置范围提供了一种实用可行的方法。     

多基纯方位目标交叉定位中的非线性最小二乘方法

纯方位目标定位方法广泛应用于被动探测系统中,通常采用最小二乘方法对多基平台交叉定位结果进行估计定位.在纯方位定位估计中的最小二乘方法主要采用线性近似法,但难以满足实用中的非线性特性,因此导致定位精度难以提高.从非线性估计出发,利用牛顿迭代的非线性最小二乘估计算法对交叉定位结果进行估计,保留了二阶以上的观测误差,迭代趋于收敛.仿真结果表明与线性近似法相比,牛顿迭代法提高了定位精度,增强了定位稳定性,有效地改善了多基纯方位目标定位系统的定位性能.     

自卫式干扰火控雷达网测向交叉定位精度分析

针对自卫式干扰条件下火控雷达网的目标定位问题,依据测向交叉定位原理,建立了火控雷达网测向交叉三维定位模型,分析了影响测向交叉定位性能的各种误差源,在此基础上,建立了火控雷达网测向交叉三维定位精度模型,以此对自卫式干扰下火控雷达网的定位精度进行仿真分析,验证了在自卫式干扰条件下,火控雷达网采用测向交叉定位方法可以有效地对...     

提高AOA无线定位精度的约束总体最小二乘算法

针对现有的 AOA 定位精度不高的缺点,提出用约束总体最小二乘法进行基于 AOA 的目标定位。理论推导和仿真证明了该方法能够较好地改善定位精度。     

布站形式对TDOA无源区域定位系统定位精度的影响

基于TDOA的陆基多基站定位系统的布站形式对定位系统的定位精度具有较大影响.给出了基于TDOA的陆基无源定位系统的定位算法和定位精度模型,对各种布站形状对定位精度的影响作了简单的仿真和分析,并主要分析了倒三角形式下各种要素对定位精度的影响.对陆基无源区域定位系统的布站形式提出了一些建议.     

被动定位算法研究

对几种被动定位方法的定位精度进行了计算比较,选择了可行的定位方法,分析了影响定位精度的有关因素,并对其加以说明。     

基于传感器网络数据融合的目标定位方法

针对传感器网络测试系统在战场及终点效应中的应用,探讨了基于多种传感器网络的目标定位方法,提出了采用最优加权融合估计算法将各种传感器的定位信息进行融合处理,并将融合结果与各种传感器计算结果进行比较,结果证明了经融合处理可以大大提高定位精度.     

双站测向交叉定位精度分析

测向交叉定位作为一种无源定位技术而受到高度重视。通过阐述双站测向交叉定位原理,推导了该法的定位精度公式。在此基础上利用仿真实验分析了单站测角精度、站点坐标精度和基线长度等因素对定位精度的影响。研究结果为该类系统的技术作战运用提供了理论支持。     

无人机对地目标多帧融合定位与误差收敛特性分析

对地目标高精度定位是无人机开展目标侦察、火力引导、效能评估等的重要前提,然而无人机对地目标定位精度受到误差因素多、传递链长等因素的制约。采用基于卡尔曼滤波的图像多帧配准对地面目标定位的方法,通过融合无人机获取的多帧目标图像,基于卡尔曼滤波方法,研究无人机对地目标高精度融合定位方法,并引入蒙特卡洛法进行仿真,分析基于卡尔曼滤波法多帧融合定位的误差收敛性、大小和分布,分析观测间隔、视线俯仰角等对误差收敛性的影响,形成若干提高定位精度的建议。     

Helping hands: civil–military cooperation and Italy's military operation abroad

In the Post-Bipolar Era the growing complexity of the military operations requires a new approach for the resolution of international crises. Since the end of the Cold War, peace support operations (PSO) have become the mainstay and principal occupation of most Western armies. At the same time, Italy has been one of the most important actors in such an area. The article focuses on the cooperation between military and civil components (a process called CIMIC) as a key variable in the Italian PSOs. We will analyse in detail the main lessons learned from past military interventions as well as the general context in which new tendencies are taking place. The maintaining of a minimum security frame becomes essential to fulfil activities ‘collateral’ to the mission: reconstructing services and infrastructure, food distribution, water and medication, law and order, de-mining, training of local forces, and supporting local institutions. These are the main tasks to obtain thrust and support from the population.     

Terrorism,insurgency, kidnapping,and security in Africa's energy sector

Energy continues to serve as the bedrock of modern economies and the main driver of modern society. For Africa, the production and supply of energy resources such as crude oil, natural gas, uranium, coal, biomass, biofuels and other renewables are an important source of employment, rents, taxes, royalties and profits. This sector brings in several tens of billions of dollars of revenue annually. The production and delivery of such resources, however, depend on critical infrastructures such as pipelines, refineries, processing plants, terminals, rigs, electrical energy pylons, substations, pump stations, vessels, and tankers. These infrastructures have been attacked by terrorists, insurgents, vandals and saboteurs, all of whom see them as targets against which to register their grievances and extract concessions from the state. This paper is a chronological account of some of the documented incidents of terrorism, insurgency, kidnapping, destruction, sabotage, and human casualties suffered in the oil and gas sectors in Africa between 1999 and 2012. It is based on data extracted from the databases of the RAND Database of World Terrorism Incidents and the University of Maryland's Global Terrorism Database (GTD).     

Tacit support for terrorism: The rapprochement between the USSR and Palestinian guerrilla organizations following the 1967 war

This article demonstrates the inconsistent and wavering Soviet attitude towards national liberation movements in general and the Palestinian organizations in particular. Until the late 1960s, the Soviets viewed these organizations with suspicion, hesitating to engage in political dialogue with them. However, in the 1970s, political and military events in the region, as well as modifications in the Kremlin's Cold War strategies, led to a general shift towards the Middle East in Soviet foreign policy. Soviet leaders showed increased willingness to provide certain Palestinian organizations with arms with which to conduct terrorist activities against Israeli, pro-Israeli, Jewish and Western targets. The article explores the complex relations between Palestinian organizations and the USSR in the field of international terror. The study also exposes and analyzes the nature and content of Soviet–Palestinian arms dialogues and transactions. It provides clear evidence that Soviet policymakers and other luminaries were fully informed of, and sometimes directly involved in, these transactions and dialogues at the highest levels.     

A1 Qaeda and the radical Islamic challenge to western strategy

The September 11 global crisis prompted by the attacks on the World Trade Center and the Pentagon raises major questions concerning the nature and trajectory of terrorism in the post-Cold War global order. Hitherto, terrorism has been largely debated by analysts at the level of nation states. Terrorist and insurgent movements have also been largely anchored in nationalist and ethnic power bases even when they have sought to mobilise a transnational ideological appeal on religious or class grounds. There have been a few exceptions to this pattern such as the alliance between the German Baader-Meinhof group and the Japanese Red Army Faction, but even such international alliances as this did not, until at least the 1980s, presage anything like a global terrorist network necessitating a global strategic response. This study examines terrorism and global strategic responses.     

Helping hands: external support for the KNU insurgency in Burma

This article analyses to what extent the Burmese KNU insurgency made use of external support from states, refugees, and diasporas. Based on extensive fieldwork it is concluded that support from neighbouring states and refugees has for years kept the Karen rebellion alive. Western countries perceived forms of resistance to the illegitimate Burmese regime as just and have therefore played a crucial role in the continuation of conflict in Karen State. It is important that policymakers and donors as well as executing organizations continue to reflect critically on the way they exercise their work.     

Reviews

Douglas S. Derrer, We Are All the Target: A Handbook of Terrorism Avoidance and Hostage Survival. Annapolis, MD: US Naval Institute Press, 1992. Pp. x+135, notes, index. $14.95. ISBN 01–55750–150–5

Ian Knight, Zulu: Isandlwana and Rorke's Drift, 22–23 January 1879. London: Windrow & Greene, 1992. Pp.136, 150 illus., incl 8 colour plates, maps, biblio. £35. ISBN 1–872004–23–7

Ian Knight, By the Orders of the Great White Queen: Campaigning in Zululand through the Eyes of the British Soldiers, 1879. London: Greenhill Books and Novato: Presidio Press, 1992. Pp. 272, 17 illus., 1 map. £18.95. ISBN 1–85367–122–3

Manfried Rauchensteiner and Erwin A. Schmidl (eds.), Formen des Krieges: vom Mittelalter zum ‘Low‐intensity’ Conflict’. Graz : Verlag Styria, 1991. Pp.208. DM35. ISBN 3–22–12139–7

Harold J. Kearsley, Maritime Power and the Twenty‐First Century. Dartmouth: Dartmouth Publishing Company, Limited, 1992. Pp.xv + 203, 13 diagrams, index. £32.50. ISBN 1–85521–288–9     

基于GTST-DMLD-ESD的装备RMS建模仿真

装备的RMS是装备的重要设计参数,是影响战备完好和保障能力的关键因素.引入GTST-DMLD作为主要建模工具,建立起装备系统的RMS描述模型,以ESD为补充和扩展,对维修过程进行建模.并以GTST-DMLD-ESD模型作为装备RMS仿真的核心,对装备RMS仿真模型的总体框架进行了研究,并对各模块进行了较为详细的探讨.     

Cyber sheiks and grassroots jihadis: the war in Syria and the devolution of the Bosnian Salafi communities

ABSTRACT

What was the scope of the Bosnian jihadi participation in the war in Syria? Did the Bosnian volunteers tend to join one particular faction? Why did the Bosnian youngsters decide to join the holy war in the Levant? Was this an organized and hierarchical process or was this a grassroots movement? Last, were all the Salafis in Bosnia supportive of this dynamic or did this process cause internal frictions? These are some of the questions that this research will try to answer.