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脑与认知是利用神经形态计算来模拟生物大脑处理信息的过程,被认为是探究甚至实现人工智能的最直接技术路线,而且可以为人工神经网络研究提供基础导向,因为人类和动物"先天"的结构对其技能和习性有着决定性作用。对近期脑与认知的相关研究与成果进行了综合评述,并对未来发展趋势进行了展望。综述表明,类脑仿生研究与应用改进了人工智能系统,重建复杂的大脑皮层神经网与回路是当前研究重点;脉冲神经网络被认为是目前深度神经网络的"继承者";脑机接口技术发展呈现非侵入式趋势,面向语言障碍病患实现语音合成的脑机接口技术成为近期新兴研究方向。 相似文献
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经过60多年的发展,人工智能对人类生产生活各方面都产生了巨大影响。近年来,随着世界各国大力推进军事智能化建设,人工智能向军事领域渗透的步伐逐步加快,引发军事领域新一轮变革,推动战争形态向智能化战争的新方向演变。本文采用文献分析和实例研究的方法,深入剖析了人工智能技术对智能化战争形态发展的影响;将智能化战争划分为算法战争阶段和类脑化战争阶段两个阶段,并从基本概念、发展现状、作战样式等角度进行了细致分析。通过分析算法战争的局限性及类脑领域快速发展的趋势可以看出,世界各国、各科技企业均十分重视脑科学与类脑智能相关研究,智能化战争未来将从当前的算法战争阶段进入到类脑化战争阶段。 相似文献
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20世纪五十年代末期,随着射程远、速度快、特征小的洲际导弹的出现,常规机械扫描雷达已经不能满足要求。六十年代,多功能、高性能的相控阵雷达应运而生。目前,相控阵雷达技术已经逐步走向成熟,广泛地应用在地面远程预警系统、航空(天)侦察监视系统、地面和机舰载防空系统与火控系统以及战场炮位侦察雷达系统等各个军事领域。相控阵预警机技术世界领先 早在20世纪80年代中期,以色列飞机工业公司下属的埃尔塔电子公司就开始研究在机载平台上使用当时最先进的相控阵雷达技术的可行性,提出了发展“第三代预警机”计划,开始研制… 相似文献
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Research and development activities in a business firm or government laboratory are portrayed as a multi-stage information generation and conversion process. A “basic research” phase generates opportunities, in the form of findings in a set of scientific disciplines, which are available for subsequent exploitation. It is assumed that increments to information in a subject area are stochastic, proportional to the amount of knowledge which already exists in the area, and have values which are randomly distributed. An “exploratory development” phase is viewed as a process of selecting a subset of alternative research opportunities, improving each opportunity in the direction of its applications, estimating the value of the improved opportunity and using these estimates to choose the exploratory development results to be implemented in engineering development. The “engineering development” phase makes the value of exploratory results realizable without changing value or risk. Engineering development costs are assumed to increase as value increases. If exploratory development is not successful, additional costs in engineering development must be incurred to bring the design up to a minimum desirable level. The model is intended as a step toward formulating and analyzing problems in management planning and control of the several interrelated stages of the research and development process. 相似文献
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M. Rashel Hasan 《Defence and Peace Economics》2017,28(2):188-207
We examine how armed conflict effects financial development in a cross-country setting using dynamic panel data analysis in a panel of 66 developing countries for the period 1985–2010. Financial development is measured by M2 as a share of GDP, and credit allocated to private sector by banks as a share of GDP. Our findings suggest that armed conflict has a significant adverse effect on financial development. Simultaneously, the quality of governance is always highly significant and conducive to the financial development. The quality of governance is more salient in determining financial development compared to low- and medium-intensity armed conflict; however, the quality of governance cannot entirely offset the adverse impact of high-intensity armed conflict on financial development. 相似文献
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随着我国军民融合武器装备研发生产体系的深度发展和社会主义市场经济体制的不断完善,武器装备研发中投入的研发成本面临很高的投资风险,成为困扰企业参与武器装备研发的重要因素。面对庞大的研发费用支出以及研发成本补偿措施不完善,企业要独自面对研发活动中的风险,这在一定程度上降低了企业参与装备研发的积极性。本文认为,通过保险机制的引入,鼓励企业为武器装备研发活动投保科技保险,同时,军方在对研发活动进行分析评判后,对企业的保费按比例进行分摊,能够在拓宽补偿途径的同时,利用保险分担企业研发过程中的风险,激发企业参与武器装备研发的热情,更好地为军队武器装备发展建设做出贡献。 相似文献
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国防科技和武器装备领域是军民融合发展的重点,也是衡量军民融合发展水平的重要标志。加快国防科技和武器装备军民融合发展,是保军强军的重要支撑,更关乎国家安全和发展一系列重大问题,必须从战略高度深刻领会其全局意义,以清醒头脑研判国防科技和武器装备军民融合发展形势,用务实举措推动国防科技和武器装备军民融合创新发展。 相似文献
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随着电子信息技术业的高度发展,电子竞技运动已发展成为广大人民群众喜闻乐见的一种体育运动。电子竞技运动作为一项新兴体育项目,在新疆高校还处在萌发阶段。本文从新疆高校大学生对电子竞技运动的认知现状入手,对其阶段存在的不足进行分析,进而提出新疆高校电子竞技运动的未来发展前景,旨在实现新疆高校电子竞技运动能否尽早开展起来、填补我区高校一项竞技运动项目的空白,丰富改善在校大学生的业余文化生活,为新疆高校大学生拓宽可持续发展的文化娱乐的天地。 相似文献
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以学科建设为龙头,牵动院校工作全面发展 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
徐航 《装甲兵工程学院学报》2002,16(4):8-12
从研讨高等教育发展规律入手,系统阐述了学科建设在高等教育发展中的地位、作用,抓学科建设应把握的一般原则和关键要素。在分析我院学科建设现状的基础上,提出了加强学院学科建设应重点关注的几个问题。 相似文献
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Kenneth Boutin 《Defense & Security Analysis》2018,34(3):232-248
ABSTRACTIn analysing trends in Chinese defence engagement and their impact on defence development in African states, it is important to consider both China's changing policy priorities and its capabilities for the provision of defence support. China's international ambitions and its economic development contribute to its emergence as a key supporter of defence capability development in Africa, occupying a crucial niche as a provider of support, particularly arms transfers, appropriate to evolving local requirements. The economic and politico-military imperatives driving China's engagement of Africa, which stem from its economic reforms and re-emergence as a great power, are facilitating defence modernisation by accelerating the introduction of modern arms in substantial quantities. The commercial importance of arms exports and the growing importance of strategic ties strongly situate China to help sustain processes of defence capability development in African states over the long term. 相似文献
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王立新 《兵团教育学院学报》2008,18(4):8-10
发展地域循环经济是实现可持续发展的现实选择,是走新兴工业化道路的重要途径,也是解决地域经济发展瓶颈的关键。本文结合新疆石河子垦区自然、社会经济条件,提出必须通过垦区经济结构与布局调整大力发展循环经济,建立垦区循环经济发展格局,并通过多种途径培育循环经济发展条件。 相似文献