现代故障诊断技术研究现状与趋势

回顾了状态监测与故障诊断技术的发展历史,归纳和总结了基于系统数学模型、基于系统输入输出信号处理以及基于人工智能等途径的故障诊断方法。从混合智能诊断技术、BIT技术、远程协作诊断技术3个方面,对现代故障诊断技术的发展趋势和有待解决的问题进行了分析与探讨。提出了故障诊断领域目前和将来的研究方向。     

电机故障诊断中的信息融合利用问题研究

对电机故障诊断中的可用信息进行了分类,并针对单一诊断技术对信息利用不足的问题提出利用信息融合的理论,指出了基于信息融合的电机故障诊断技术应解决的问题;给出了基于信息融合的电机故障诊断的基本框架;最后概述了诊断中信息融合利用的方法。结果表明,充分利用电机运行中的各种信息,采用基于信息融合技术的故障诊断方法可以提高故障诊断的准确性和可靠性。     

基于Pocket PC的便携式故障诊断专家系统设计

提出了基于Pocket PC平台的故障诊断专家系统结构设计,阐述了Pocket PC、关系型数据库技术和数据挖掘技术在便携式故障诊断专家系统中的应用,讨论了产生式规则的二元化表示、基于关联规则Apriori算法的辅助知识获取、基于数据库的知识库构建和推理机简化设计,探索了故障诊断专家系统便携化、小型化应用的方法.     

基于NNLI技术的齿轮箱故障诊断

将NNLI技术应用到齿轮箱的故障诊断中,提出了基于NNLI的特征提取方法,并将该方法与神经网络结合起来,进一步提出基于NNLI特征提取的神经网络故障诊断方法,给出了两种不同的网络分类器,通过齿轮箱故障诊断实例验证了该方法的有效性。     

炮控系统故障诊断树自动生成技术研究

针对人工建立故障诊断树可能存在建树不完全、建树过程费时费力的问题,对故障诊断树自动生成技术进行了研究,开拓了计算机辅助故障诊断的方法途径。首先详细论述了故障诊断树自动生成技术的4个关键步骤,分别是故障诊断信息建模、系统结构图的绘制、数据库的存储和故障诊断树的生成;然后基于Visio VBA软件和ACCESS数据库设计开发了炮控系统结构图绘制模块和故障诊断树生成模块;最后通过一个具体实例实现了故障诊断树的自动生成。结果表明:故障诊断树自动生成技术有助于提高建树的效率和准确率。     

多Agent的故障诊断任务分解和结果综合研究

在传统智能诊断基础上,将多Agent技术应用于动态分布的复杂武器系统故障诊断领域,以求解复杂过程诊断问题.讨论了基于MAS的分布式智能故障诊断方法和过程,采用了一种基于MAS的分布式武器故障诊断系统方案.其中重点研究了诊断系统任务分解,任务控制策略,基于改进合同网协议的Agent之间的任务分配过程和结果综合.本解决方案对设计分布式故障诊断系统有参考价值.     

基于Visual Basic故障诊断专家系统设计

从分析传统专家系统入手,把WINDOWS下的可视化技术和面向对象技术引入到人工智能程序设计中来。讨论了故障树模型的面向对象表示方法及其推理算法。根据雷达故障诊断中的典型故障树,给出了一个基于Visual Basic语言的故障诊断专家系统设计实例。     

复杂装备控制系统智能故障诊断技术

故障诊断就是对设备运行情况和异常情况作出判断,其对提高装备可靠性和维修能力具有重要的作用.结合国内外最新研究成果,详细阐述了基于解析模型、信号处理和知识的故障诊断方法的基本原理、特点、研究现状和应用领域,综合分析了故障诊断技术的研究热点及发展趋势,并探讨了在复杂装备控制系统故障诊断领域有待于深入研究的若干问题.     

基于模糊逻辑和证据理论的故障诊断方法

针对故障诊断过程中信息损失的问题和D-S证据理论在处理模糊信息时的局限性,在模糊逻辑的基础上,将决策级信息融合技术应用于故障诊断系统中,提出了一种基于模糊逻辑和D-S证据理论相结合的多传感器信息融合综合故障诊断方法。该方法以模糊隶属函数来实现基本可信度分配,充分利用各种传感器的冗余和互补信息,可显著提高故障诊断的准确率,实例验证了该方法的合理性和有效性。     

模糊规则推理在某型导弹故障智能诊断中的应用

针对某新型导弹武器装备尚未形成全面技术保障能力的现状,构建出基于模糊规则推理(模糊矩阵算法和规则推理)的导弹故障智能诊断平台,降低了故障诊断中的误判和漏判,充分发挥了该型导弹装备的效能.该故障诊断系统的诊断方法具有一般性,可推广应用到其他装备的故障诊断系统.     

Helping hands: civil–military cooperation and Italy's military operation abroad

In the Post-Bipolar Era the growing complexity of the military operations requires a new approach for the resolution of international crises. Since the end of the Cold War, peace support operations (PSO) have become the mainstay and principal occupation of most Western armies. At the same time, Italy has been one of the most important actors in such an area. The article focuses on the cooperation between military and civil components (a process called CIMIC) as a key variable in the Italian PSOs. We will analyse in detail the main lessons learned from past military interventions as well as the general context in which new tendencies are taking place. The maintaining of a minimum security frame becomes essential to fulfil activities ‘collateral’ to the mission: reconstructing services and infrastructure, food distribution, water and medication, law and order, de-mining, training of local forces, and supporting local institutions. These are the main tasks to obtain thrust and support from the population.     

Terrorism,insurgency, kidnapping,and security in Africa's energy sector

Energy continues to serve as the bedrock of modern economies and the main driver of modern society. For Africa, the production and supply of energy resources such as crude oil, natural gas, uranium, coal, biomass, biofuels and other renewables are an important source of employment, rents, taxes, royalties and profits. This sector brings in several tens of billions of dollars of revenue annually. The production and delivery of such resources, however, depend on critical infrastructures such as pipelines, refineries, processing plants, terminals, rigs, electrical energy pylons, substations, pump stations, vessels, and tankers. These infrastructures have been attacked by terrorists, insurgents, vandals and saboteurs, all of whom see them as targets against which to register their grievances and extract concessions from the state. This paper is a chronological account of some of the documented incidents of terrorism, insurgency, kidnapping, destruction, sabotage, and human casualties suffered in the oil and gas sectors in Africa between 1999 and 2012. It is based on data extracted from the databases of the RAND Database of World Terrorism Incidents and the University of Maryland's Global Terrorism Database (GTD).     

Tacit support for terrorism: The rapprochement between the USSR and Palestinian guerrilla organizations following the 1967 war

This article demonstrates the inconsistent and wavering Soviet attitude towards national liberation movements in general and the Palestinian organizations in particular. Until the late 1960s, the Soviets viewed these organizations with suspicion, hesitating to engage in political dialogue with them. However, in the 1970s, political and military events in the region, as well as modifications in the Kremlin's Cold War strategies, led to a general shift towards the Middle East in Soviet foreign policy. Soviet leaders showed increased willingness to provide certain Palestinian organizations with arms with which to conduct terrorist activities against Israeli, pro-Israeli, Jewish and Western targets. The article explores the complex relations between Palestinian organizations and the USSR in the field of international terror. The study also exposes and analyzes the nature and content of Soviet–Palestinian arms dialogues and transactions. It provides clear evidence that Soviet policymakers and other luminaries were fully informed of, and sometimes directly involved in, these transactions and dialogues at the highest levels.     

A1 Qaeda and the radical Islamic challenge to western strategy

The September 11 global crisis prompted by the attacks on the World Trade Center and the Pentagon raises major questions concerning the nature and trajectory of terrorism in the post-Cold War global order. Hitherto, terrorism has been largely debated by analysts at the level of nation states. Terrorist and insurgent movements have also been largely anchored in nationalist and ethnic power bases even when they have sought to mobilise a transnational ideological appeal on religious or class grounds. There have been a few exceptions to this pattern such as the alliance between the German Baader-Meinhof group and the Japanese Red Army Faction, but even such international alliances as this did not, until at least the 1980s, presage anything like a global terrorist network necessitating a global strategic response. This study examines terrorism and global strategic responses.     

Helping hands: external support for the KNU insurgency in Burma

This article analyses to what extent the Burmese KNU insurgency made use of external support from states, refugees, and diasporas. Based on extensive fieldwork it is concluded that support from neighbouring states and refugees has for years kept the Karen rebellion alive. Western countries perceived forms of resistance to the illegitimate Burmese regime as just and have therefore played a crucial role in the continuation of conflict in Karen State. It is important that policymakers and donors as well as executing organizations continue to reflect critically on the way they exercise their work.     

Reviews

Douglas S. Derrer, We Are All the Target: A Handbook of Terrorism Avoidance and Hostage Survival. Annapolis, MD: US Naval Institute Press, 1992. Pp. x+135, notes, index. $14.95. ISBN 01–55750–150–5

Ian Knight, Zulu: Isandlwana and Rorke's Drift, 22–23 January 1879. London: Windrow & Greene, 1992. Pp.136, 150 illus., incl 8 colour plates, maps, biblio. £35. ISBN 1–872004–23–7

Ian Knight, By the Orders of the Great White Queen: Campaigning in Zululand through the Eyes of the British Soldiers, 1879. London: Greenhill Books and Novato: Presidio Press, 1992. Pp. 272, 17 illus., 1 map. £18.95. ISBN 1–85367–122–3

Manfried Rauchensteiner and Erwin A. Schmidl (eds.), Formen des Krieges: vom Mittelalter zum ‘Low‐intensity’ Conflict’. Graz : Verlag Styria, 1991. Pp.208. DM35. ISBN 3–22–12139–7

Harold J. Kearsley, Maritime Power and the Twenty‐First Century. Dartmouth: Dartmouth Publishing Company, Limited, 1992. Pp.xv + 203, 13 diagrams, index. £32.50. ISBN 1–85521–288–9     

基于GTST-DMLD-ESD的装备RMS建模仿真

装备的RMS是装备的重要设计参数,是影响战备完好和保障能力的关键因素.引入GTST-DMLD作为主要建模工具,建立起装备系统的RMS描述模型,以ESD为补充和扩展,对维修过程进行建模.并以GTST-DMLD-ESD模型作为装备RMS仿真的核心,对装备RMS仿真模型的总体框架进行了研究,并对各模块进行了较为详细的探讨.     

Cyber sheiks and grassroots jihadis: the war in Syria and the devolution of the Bosnian Salafi communities

ABSTRACT

What was the scope of the Bosnian jihadi participation in the war in Syria? Did the Bosnian volunteers tend to join one particular faction? Why did the Bosnian youngsters decide to join the holy war in the Levant? Was this an organized and hierarchical process or was this a grassroots movement? Last, were all the Salafis in Bosnia supportive of this dynamic or did this process cause internal frictions? These are some of the questions that this research will try to answer.