基于液力变矩器与发动机匹配工作性能的液力变矩器结构参数优化

在拟合装甲车辆发动机与液力变矩器有关特性曲线的基础上，以二者匹配工作的动力性、经济性为目标，建立发动机与液力变矩器匹配工作优化模型及目标函数，通过液力变矩器结构参数优化使发动机与液力变矩器得到最佳匹配性能，优化方案切实可行，为液力变矩器的设计、优化提供了方法。     

时间距离像消隐时弹头进动与结构参数估计

考虑弹道目标时间距离像存在消隐现象,提出了一种弹道目标微距离变化曲线断续时进动与结构参数提取方法。首先,建立了弹道中段目标宽带回波模型,推导了散射中心微距离变化曲线理论公式;其次,提取了时间距离像中各散射中心的微距离变化曲线,据此提出采用选点方法实现目标进动频率和平动参数联合估计,完成了弹道目标时间距离像的平动补偿;最后,利用扩展Hough变换方法进行补偿后断续微距离变化曲线的检测,基于各散射中心间的相对位置信息实现了弹道目标的结构参数提取。电磁仿真实验验证了该方法的有效性。     

基于iSIGHT的复合材料仪器舱结构优化研究

利用iSIGHT优化软件研究了导弹复合材料仪器舱结构多变量多约束优化问题,建立了参数化的复合材料结构有限元模型,采用了分级优化策略,借助于iSIGHT软件提供的Pointer优化器,通过优化复合材料铺层角度、铺层厚度及其他主要结构尺寸实现了仪器舱结构的轻量化,获得了工程实用的复合材料结构优化方法.     

结构参数改变对舱壁结构振动影响的研究

舱壁结构是否合理直接影响到舱壁甚至整个潜艇的振动性能,为得到合适的舱壁结构参数,分别以舱壁板厚度、骨材数量、骨材截面大小为变化参数,以振动的均方法向速度为衡量振动优劣的标准,得到不同参数对应的舱壁振动的均方法向速度频响曲线,分析了振动随激振力频率、激振力作用方向、舱壁结构参数的变化规律,并以此为依据,设计了合理的结构形式和结构参数,得到了振动性能良好的舱壁。     

永磁磁通控制型混合励磁开关磁阻优化设计

针对开关磁阻电机低功率密度和低材料利用率的问题,为了进一步优化电机的转矩特性,将永磁体应用在开关磁阻电机之中,设计了一台三相12/10极永磁磁通控制型混合励磁开关磁阻电机。在分析该电机结构和工作原理的基础上,采用电机设计理论对该电机进行结构设计,并且采用有限元软件进行仿真。在瞬态场条件下验证了该模型的正确性,在稳态场条件下仿真得到电感特性曲线、磁链特性曲线和转矩特性曲线,建立了精确的非线性模型。仿真结果表明该电机的转矩特性得到了明显提高。最后,采用遗传算法对电机主要结构参数进行了多目标优化设计,进一步提高了该电机的平均转矩并降低其转矩脉动。     

基于压力控制的常分离式双离合器膜片弹簧设计与仿真

为了保证干式双离合器在摩擦片磨损后仍能可靠传递扭矩,首先利用解析法对常分离式膜片弹簧载荷-变形特性进行理论分析,提出了基于压力控制的膜片弹簧磨损后压力保持方法,其次通过优化设计对膜片弹簧的结构参数进行了优化,并利用MSC.Patran/Marc软件对优化后常分离式离合器膜片弹簧工作过程进行了有限元接触仿真,最终得到了更符合实际工况的膜片弹簧载荷-变形特性曲线。结果表明：经过优化后的膜片弹簧,采用压力控制方法,摩擦片磨损后无需机械补偿,仍能保证扭矩的可靠传递。     

空调工程中套片管式换热器扩展表面肋效率的研究

本文针对空调工程中常用套片管式换热器的整体套片特点,建立了两维整体套片的传热模型,采用有限差分法进行了求解,得到了两排正三角排列肋管扩展表面肋效率曲线,分析了几何参数的影响,通过对整体套片的无因次温度分布分析,指出了提高肋效率和节省材料的途径,对套片管式换热器的设计性能模拟分析和结构优化等具有指导意义。     

协同仿真技术某转管武器炮闩小闭锁齿疲劳寿命预测

以试验中某转管武器炮闩小闭锁齿出现疲劳断裂为依据,从定性的角度分析了可能造成疲劳破坏的力源是小闭锁齿承受的切向力和径向力。通过理论计算,炮闩在开闭锁时高速旋转形成的离心力(属径向力)较小,忽略不计,故切向力和径向力只能是炮闩在供输弹过程中与弹碰撞产生。基于ADAMS建立供输弹系统动力学仿真样机,得到切向力和径向力的载荷谱,基于ABAQUS仿真得到闭锁齿的静强度结果,同时建立45Cr Ni Mo VA材料的S-N疲劳寿命曲线,最后由Designlife进行协同仿真预测了小闭锁齿的疲劳寿命,该协同仿真技术对工程分析具有一定的参考价值。     

遥控武器站总体结构参数优化研究

为减小遥控武器站炮口扰动以提高射击精度,建立了遥控武器站部分机构参数化三维模型、有限元模型和刚柔耦合动力学模型。基于多学科集成优化软件ModelCenter进行了系统集成,以减小炮口扰动为目标,建立了遥控武器站总体结构参数优化模型。采用多目标遗传算法对总体结构参数进行了优化,优化后炮口振动状况明显改善,与位移相关的起始撼动和与速度相关的起始扰动分别较原方案降低了17.05%和19.04%。     

基于Holtrop公式与遗传算法的船型参数优化

针对方尾水面舰船,采用Holtrop阻力计算公式,以总阻力为目标函数,据遗传算法,对主要的船型参数进行了优化计算,进而得出了在一系列速度下主要船型参数的最优解及相应的由Holtrop公式计算得到的总阻力,并绘制了在各最优解下由Holtrop公式计算的总阻力随速度的变化曲线,结合Holtrop公式相应图谱对所得优化计算结果进行了分析.结果表明,该方法对于水面舰船的主尺度比等船型参数优选具有较强的实用性.     

Sniper standard: the US Marine bolt-action sniper rifle in WorId War II

Abstract

This article looks at why the US Marine Corps decided upon the M1903 Springfield rifle as their main sniping weapon from World War I to the end of World War II.     

基于虚拟样机技术的某型高射机枪惯性子动力学仿真分析

基于机械系统动力学软件ADAMS建立某型高射机枪虚拟样机，并对其进行四连发射击仿真，验证所建虚拟样机的可信性。然后对该高射机枪惯性子和枪机框进行动力学性能分析，实验表明在平射情况下，惯性子对枪机框反跳位移和速度都有一定的抑制作用，惯性子作为防反跳装置有一定效果。     

Bayonets for the Peabody-Martini Rifle

From its introduction in 1874 until the turn of the nineteenth century the principal infantry firearm of the Ottoman army was the American-made .45 (11.43?×?55R) calibre Peabody-Martini Rifle. Remaining in use with secondary units until 1916/1917, three bayonet types were provided for the rifle during its official service life: a quadrilateral cross-sectioned socket form, followed by a yataghan-style sword bayonet, and finally a shortened and straightened version of this same yataghan bayonet. As such these three bayonets provide a classic illustration of bayonet typology for the period. However, their history and characteristics have never been assessed in detail, an omission this article seeks to remedy.     

Investigations on influence of rifle automatics system action on values of energetic efficiency coefficient of muzzle brakes

The objective of the paper was to compare values of the muzzle brake efficiency coefficient for a rifle with active or inactive automatics systems. Special laboratory stand designed for investigating the recoil process was used. The motion of the rifle was detected by the use of the laser interferometer and the optical camera. The recoil velocity time courses were determined by smoothing and differentiation of experimental position records. The results of the experiments indicated that in the case of an active automatics system two values of the recoil velocity can be used for calculation of the energetic efficiency coefficient: the maximum recoil velocity and the final recoil velocity at the end of the automatics action cycle. The values of the coefficient, calculated using these two values of the recoil velocity, distinctly differ. However, it was shown that their values indicate the same relation between the efficiency of various muzzle brakes. The value of the efficiency coefficient, determined on the basis of the final recoil velocity value, is practically the same as that determined on the basis of the final recoil velocity value for the rifle with an inactive automatics system.     

锁相环在电流隔离测量中的应用研究

探讨了采用锁相环频率跟踪,通过环路补偿达到磁平衡的方法,隔离测量直流和低频、中频交流电流,利用磁性材料自身特性,进行温度补偿,用低成本达到较高的稳定度和测量精度.     

Experimental study of transient pressure wave in the behind armor blunt trauma induced by different rifle bullets

Pressure wave plays an important role in the occurrence of behind armor blunt trauma (BABT), and ballistic gelatin is widely used as a surrogate of biological tissue in the research of BABT. Comparison of pressure wave in the gelatin behind armor for different rifle bullets is lacking. The aim of this study was to observe dynamic changes in pressure wave induced by ballistic blunt impact on the armored gelatin block and to compare the effects of bullet type on the parameters of the transient pressure wave. The gelatin blocks protected with National Institute of Justice (NIJ) class III bulletproof armor were shot by three types of rifle bullet with the same level of impact energy. The transient pressure signals at five locations were recorded with pressure sensors and three parameters (maximum pressure, maximum pressure impulse, and the duration of the first positive phase) were determined and discussed. The results indicated that the waveform and the twin peak of transient pressure wave were not related to the bullet type. However, the values of pressure wave’s parameters were significantly affected by bullet type. Additionally, the attenuation of pressure amplitude followed the similar law for the three ammunitions. These findings may be helpful to get some insight in the BABT and improve the structure design of bullet.     

某自动步枪身管内膛破坏特点研究

通过枪管的寿命试验,获取该枪的寿命值。利用MATLAB进行二项式曲线拟合,得到枪管的初速预测模型,并根据内膛表面形貌和断面形貌的显微图像,找出内膛破坏的特点及枪管寿终原因,为今后身管武器研究提供一定的借鉴作用。