自然风对旋转弹丸外弹道性能影响的仿真研究

为研究自然风对旋转弹丸外弹道性能的影响,基于坐标变换理论考虑了地球曲率变化对刚体弹道模型的作用,分析了自然风对各气动力和气动力矩的影响,建立了非标准条件下的刚体外弹道模型。应用该模型对某105mm榴弹不同风速、风向下的外弹道过程进行仿真,结果表明,自然风对飞行弹丸的攻角姿态有较大影响,进而影响弹丸的射程和方向偏移量;自然风对弹丸攻角姿态的影响在弹丸飞行的初始阶段风速大小起主要作用,而在弹丸飞行的中间阶段则是风矢方向起主要作用。     

WRF模拟太原地区气象场特征及对弹丸的影响

在用WRF模拟太原地区2014年3月19号天气状况的基础上,得出该地区气象场特征,检验WRF模式在复杂地形下的模拟预报能力,并讨论了模拟的气象场对弹丸飞行造成的可能影响。结果表明:WRF模拟的气象场与真实大气比较接近;在该气象场背景下,射程为90 km的某弹丸由纵风引起射程误差较大,约为1 293.85 m,由横风在落点产生的横向偏差为304.85 m,由温度引起的射程偏差很小约为12.93 m。可见,实际大气对弹丸射击精度的影响是可观的,用WRF模拟的流场计算气象因素对弹丸射击精度的影响是有意义的。     

基于OpenFOAM的某型炮弹初始段气动仿真研究

为研究某型炮弹初始段的气动特性并获得相关气动参数,运用结构化网格划分方法建立该型炮弹初始段仿真模型;依托OpenFOAM软件平台,应用可压缩流动求解器对初始段气动特性进行仿真,并提取可用于外弹道设计中的相关气动参数;将仿真结果与风洞试验值进行对比,发现可压缩流动求解器的仿真结果具有很高的精度,完全满足该型炮弹高精度射表的编制要求．     

A model for the determination of optimal interfiring times

Various models of stochastic duels with round dependent hit probabilities have appeared in the literature [1]. However, none of them analyzed the effect interfiring times will have on the hit probability. In this paper we formulate a model for a marksman versus a passive target where the probability of a hit at a given round is a function of the interfiring times. We show how to solve for the optimal interfiring times and prove that under certain assumptions the optimal rate of fire is a non-decreasing function of the round fired.     

空投鱼雷入水点影响因素研究

航空自导鱼雷具有命中精度高、威力大、攻潜效果好等特点。针对反潜直升机空投鱼雷作战使用的特点,深入分析了空投鱼雷的空中弹道、直升机的运动态势和风速风向等影响空投鱼雷入水点位置的关键因素,并得到了各要素的数学描述,进而通过仿真分析得到了直升机运动态势和风速风向对空投鱼雷入水点的影响。     

横向运动板对长杆弹变形及运动影响的数值研究

利用Ls—DYNA软件对钨合金长杆弹垂直侵彻单层和双层横向运动钢板进行了数值计算。通过分析长杆弹的塑性变形、速度降、动能降和横向速度，得到了单层和双层板横向运动速度与影响长杆弹侵彻能力因素的关系。仿真结果表明：随着运动板速度的增加，运动板对长杆弹的侵蚀加剧，长杆弹的速度降、动能降增大；运动板相同速度下，虽然单层板的冲击能使长杆弹获得较大横向速度，但双层板比单层板对长杆弹的干扰效果更明显。     

Analysis on Stability of Coning Motion of Rockets Based on Nutation Theory

A nonlinear mathematic model taking the nutation and precession angles as variables for the coning motion of projectile was established according to a short period moment projection of the spining projectile. By introducing the generalized nutation angle and precession angular speed, the model that is difficult to be resolved can be transformed to a resolvable one. The interrelationship between nutation and precession was analyzed based on the linear model, and the stability condition was obtained for the spinning projectile. For the nonlinear model, the effects of the nutation and precession on the limit circle of the projectile's coning motion were investigated, and the analytical relations between the nutation angle and the precession angular speed in the steady coning motion of the spinning projectile were given.     

某型火箭弹对巡航导弹毁伤概率仿真分析

通过对巡航导弹目标特性分析,论述了目标易损性和毁伤机理(包括破片战斗部对目标的击穿概率模型)。利用破片初速及存速计算模型,分析了战斗部爆破后破片速度衰减规律,并做了模拟仿真,为火箭弹战斗部设计及毁伤效能评估提供了理论依据。最后根据射弹散布规律及毁伤原理建立了毁伤模型,并以某型火箭弹为例,对毁伤概率模型进行了仿真分析。仿真结果表明:该方法为火箭弹战斗部设计和提高对巡航导弹毁伤概率提供了参考。     

基于PSO算法的脉冲修正弹控制参数优化*

针对脉冲修正弹自身控制离散不连续特征,开展了脉冲修正弹脉冲控制参数优化设计方法研究。考虑到脉冲成本和精度的双重要求,选择以脉冲发动机工作次数和脱靶量最少为双目标函数,并在风干扰的条件下,提出了以脉冲控制时间间隔为离散脉冲控制参数设计变量建立优化模型,以此发展了一种改进型递减惯性权重粒子群优化脉冲控制参数的方法,提高了修正参数优化收敛速度。仿真结果表明,该算法能快速有效地获得最优解,为在干扰条件下寻找最优的脉冲修正参数和脉冲工作方式提供了一种优化设计思路。     

目标角速度测量误差分析

对现有坦克火控系统中目标角速度测量误差进行了分析,提出了几种提高测量精度和射弹命中率的方法.     

横向运动板对长杆弹侵彻的偏转作用

弹体的攻角直接影响其侵彻能力,而横向运动板能使弹体发生偏转改变攻角,间接影响弹体的侵彻能力。在一定条件下,推导长杆弹在单层横向运动板作用下的偏转模型,并利用有限元仿真软件ANSYS／LS-rDYNA对长杆弹侵彻横向运动板的过程进行数值模拟。通过对偏转模型及仿真结果的分析,发现两者较为相符。研究结果显示：长杆弹侵彻横向运动板时,弹体会发生偏转,偏转的角速度先增后减,最后为0rad／s,此时偏转角最大;弹体速度方向也会发生偏转,其最终偏转角与弹体轴线的偏转角接近。     

旋转弹体高速入水水中弹道的模拟方法

针对旋转弹体高速入水特点,从弹体运动的动力学方程和相似理论出发,提出了模拟旋转弹体高速入水水中弹道的马赫相似实验方案.该方案在大气环境条件下,能够实现原型和模型两系统的主要相似准数相等.     

基于连续波雷达微多普勒效应的弹丸转速测试方法

针对目前弹丸转速测试方法的局限,提出了一种新的弹丸转速测试方法,利用连续波雷达探测弹丸旋转产生的微多普勒效应,建立了弹丸旋转运动引起的雷达回波微多普勒调制数学模型,推导了微多普勒频率与弹丸转速的解析关系,给出了弹丸转速微多普勒数据的实测方案,并通过弹丸旋转微动辨识与数字解调技术,提取出弹丸转速,经靶场试验验证,测试效果良好。     

Stochastic duels with round-dependent hit probabilities

The effect of round dependent hit probabilities in the fundamental stochastic duel are examined. The general solution and several specific examples are derived where one side's hit probabilities are improved from round to round. For these specific cases the advantages of round to round improvement are explicitly displayed.     

中口径舰炮对空闭环校射

首先建立了中口径舰炮武器系统对空闭环校射数学模型,比较新颖地解决了波门指示、弹序判别、滤波方法、脱靶量的求取和预测以及漏测弹丸的措施等一系列问题,通过仿真模拟明显地提高了系统精度和命中率,并使其工程化嵌入某型航炮系统,在工程上得以实现     

Modeling and analysis of vessel casualties resulting from tanker traffic through narrow waterways

In this paper, we present a physics-based stochastic model to investigate vessel casualties resulting from tanker traffic through a narrow waterway. A state-space model is developed to represent the waterway and the location of vessels at a given time. We first determine the distribution of surface current at a given location of the waterway depending on channel geometry, bottom topography, boundary conditions, and the distribution of wind. Then we determine the distribution of the angular drift for a given vessel travelling at a given location of a waterway. Finally, we incorporate the drift probabilities and random arrival of vessels into a Markov chain model. By analyzing the time-dependent and the steady-state probabilities of the Markov chain, we obtain risk measures such as the probability of casualty at a given location and also the expected number of casualties for a given number of vessels arriving per unit time. Analysis of the Markovian model also yields an analytical result that shows that the expected number of casualties is proportional to square of the tanker arrival rate. We present our methodology on an experimental model of a hypothetical narrow waterway. © 1999 John Wiley & Sons, Inc. Naval Reseach Logistics 46: 871–892, 1999     

考虑目标定位误差的点目标毁伤概率求解

根据射击毁伤理论和概率统计学,在现有点目标毁伤概率求解方法基础之上提出考虑目标定位误差的解析法和仿真法.计算结果表明2种方法均准确可行.通过对比分析得出不同弹药量、不同目标特性条件下,定位误差对毁伤概率的影响程度.运用解析法得出点目标的单发命中概率服从χ2分布,通过大量仿真得出目标定位误差可忽略的条件为WmaxRCEP/ω.     

Dynamic analysis of a guided projectile during engraving process

The reliability of the electronic components inside a guided projectile is highly affected by the launch dynamics of guided projectile. The engraving process plays a crucial role on determining the ballistic performance and projectile stability. This paper analyzes the dynamic response of a guided projectile during the engraving process. By considering the projectile center of gravity moving during the engraving process, a dynamics model is established with the coupling of interior ballistic equations. The results detail the stress situation of a guided projectile band during its engraving process. Meanwhile, the axial dynamic response of projectile in the several milliseconds following the engraving process is also researched. To further explore how the different performance of the engraving band can affect the dynamics of guided projectile, this paper focuses on these two aspects: (a) the effects caused by the different band geometry; and (b) the effects caused by different band materials. The time domain and frequency domain responses show that the dynamics of the projectile are quite sensitive to the engraving band width. A material with a small modulus of elasticity is more stable than one with a high modulus of elasticity.     

火炮身管寿命分析与计算

分析了射击时弹丸挤进过程 ,建立了弹丸初速下降量与炮膛内膛磨损量计算模型 ,并以某火炮为实例计算了该炮弹丸初速下降量与炮膛内膛磨损量之间变化关系 ,分析了弹道峰现象 ,为身管寿命预测提供理论依据     

基于图像分析的弹丸“出膛时刻”检测算法

现代高炮武器系统在对红外目标进行连续性高炮射击时,首发弹丸的尾焰会对红外观测系统造成严重干扰,会导致红外观测系统短时间内无法观测到目标位置,带来后续弹丸无法精确打击目标等问题。利用红外图像分析技术通过对弹丸出膛时的红外图像特征进行分析,提出了一种基于红外图像分析的弹丸出膛时刻检测算法,从而相对精确地测定出首发弹丸的出膛时刻,为更精确测定弹飞时间和提高武器系统的命中率提供了理论依据和方法支撑。实验结果表明:提出的算法能够相对精确地测定弹丸出膛时刻,算法具有一定的可行性和有效性。