水下隧道钻爆法施工合理覆盖层厚度的研究评述

在水下隧道施工中,覆盖层厚度不仅对其安全性起着决定性作用,而且还是决定水下隧道造价和长度的主要因素.介绍了水下隧道的优特点以及影响覆盖层厚度的主要因素,并结合本地地质着重对钻爆法施工覆盖层厚度的研究进行评述,提出运用解析公式和数值计算的方法确定合理覆盖层厚度.     

机场道面抢修应急起降带的确定

应急起降带的确定是战时机场道面抢修的基础性工作,对抢修工程量、抢修效率、抢修进程都有着重大影响.首先介绍了应急起降带合理尺寸的确定;然后提出了应急起降带最佳抢修位置的确定原则;为了实现应急起降带方案的快速优选,用VB编写了方案优选程序,改变了传统的人工优选法费时费力的现状.从文中的实例分析可以得出结论:该方案优选程序的运算结果满足实际抢修施工需要.     

车身焊装公差及加工基准简要研究

为获得良好的车身品质，首先，车身装配零部件应具有合理的尺寸精度，容差分配方法是合理地将车身外观公差分配给每个零组件，确定在保证外观公差的前提下每个零组件容许的公差的一种方法，以此提高零部件互换性和相互之间的协调性。这种方法适用于所有车身装配部件，尤其是点焊部件。     

舰炮炮基平台倾斜修正方法研究

分析了舰炮炮基平台平面(简称炮基平面)倾斜对射击精度的影响,推导炮基平面倾斜修正模型,给出确定修正参数的方法.确定修正参数的方法完全通过数学手段导出,逻辑严谨,实用性强,不仅适用舰炮,也适用于其它舰载武器发射平台的倾斜修正.     

双层隧道边墙位置研究

针对地下快速路的特点和重庆市地形特征,分析了在重庆市地下快速路中使用双层隧道的优越性,并根据双层隧道边墙受力不利原则提出了两种双层隧道新型结构方案。利用计算软件对两种新型结构相对于传统结构的稳定性和边墙二次衬砌受力进行了分析比较,得出边墙位于中隔板中部的双层隧道结构更加适用于城市地下快速路。     

复合材料新的热层合理论及其有限元方法研究

本文基子三维各向异性热传导方程和复合材料的一般层合理论,推导出复合材料层合结构瞬态温度场分析的新的热层合理论,并依据此理论建立了简单、实用的有限元格式。数值算例表明：基于热层合理论的有限元方法有较好的精度,同时又比传统的分析方法更简便、有效。     

“北新”新曲

新疆北新路桥集团股份有限公司是由新疆生产建设兵团建设工程(集团)有限责任公司控股的一家上市企业,成立于2001年8月7日,2009年11月11日在深圳证券交易所上市。公司拥有公路工程施工总承包一级、公路路面(路基)工程专业承包一级、桥梁工程专业承包一级、隧道工程专业承包二级、市政公用工程施工总承包二级等资质,以及国际建筑工程承包、对外承包工程经营、对外援助成套项目等资格。     

基于指数平滑法的装备维修器材需求量预测

准确地预测维修器材需求量是制定装备保障计划的重要依据.针对装备维修器材需求量预测相对不够准确的问题,通过对两种预测方法进行比较,引入了适用于准确预测的指数平滑方法,建立了基于指数平滑法的装备维修器材需求量预测模型,介绍了确定初始值的方法,并以某种维修器材需求量预测为例进行了分析,为准确预测装备维修器材需求量提供了一种较为科学合理的方法.     

备件保障能力评估模型研究

备件保障在武器装备作战中具有重要地位.筹措率、缺货数和适用率是备件保障能力评估的三个主要指标,在此基础上建立了战时备件保障能力评估的数学模型.实例表明评估模型符合备件保障的实际情况,模型运行的结果合理、可信,部分解决了部队战时或机动时备件保障评估的问题,为确定合理的备件存储策略,提高武器装备的战备完好性和作战能力提供了决策的依据.     

新阈值算法在再制造发动机振动信号降噪中的应用

在运用小波分层阈值降噪方法对再制造发动机磨合振动信号进行降噪处理的过程中,结合现有方法,提出了一种新的分层阈值确定方法,通过仿真对比分析,证明了该方法的优越性,得出了适用于再制造发动机磨合振动信号降噪处理的方法.小波时频分析结果证明了该方法的有效性,为下一步磨合振动特征的提取奠定了基础.     

坦克火力运用决策模型

坦克火力运用是作战指挥决策的一项主要内容。制定正确的决策,可以更加有效的发挥坦克的强大火力。运用数学方法,对有预案情况下的坦克火力运用决策做了研究,提出一组合理的决策准则,建立了决策模型,借助于该模型,可选择坦克部(分)队火力运用的最优方案。     

电缆隧道中细水雾灭火系统的试验评价与优化设计

细水雾作为哈龙灭火剂的重要替代技术,在电缆隧道中具有广阔的应用前景。然而由于其灭火机理的复杂性,在细水雾灭火系统的设计中不能完全依赖于一般性原则或统一的标准。以浦东国际机场二期工程电缆隧道高压细水雾保护系统的实际应用为例,通过建立全尺度的模拟试验,对细水雾灭火系统设计参数的有效性和科学性进行评估,优化系统设计,以满足电缆隧道特殊的消防安全需求。研究结果表明该方法为细水雾系统设计达到有效性、安全性、经济性的统一提供了合理解决途径。     

An open expanding economy model

The authors extend the generalized von Neumann model they developed (with J. G. Kemeny) in 1956 to an open model by assuming that there are exogeneously determined export and import prices and that any amount can be exported or imported at these prices. The open model is then characterized by means of seven axioms. It is shown, by applying the theory of linear programming, that if four economically reasonable assumptions hold, the open model has at least one solution in which at least one good with positive export price is exported and at least one good with positive import price is imported. It is also shown that, in general, a continuum of expansion rates can be achieved by varying certain control variables. The choice of these expansion rates gives indirectly the choice of a suitable sub-economy and also determines the exports and imports of the economy. Other results and examples are discussed.     

半挠性喷管挠性板弹性曲线计算方法

本文基于梁弯曲变形的小挠度线性理论,提出了半挠性喷管挠性板弹性曲线的计算方法。并对挠性板弹性曲线与气动力学给出的型面进行了对比研究,两者吻合得较好,研究表明,结构设计中撑杆合理布局,是影响匹配的关键问题,足应引起设计者的重视。     

小推力液体火箭发动机燃烧与传热数值仿真研究

针对边区液膜冷却型小推力液体火箭发动机,引入VOF模型模拟冷却液膜,使用数值仿真手段计算了发动机推力室突扩构型对燃烧效率与传热特性的影响.对比可见计算结果是可靠的,计算表明无量纲台阶高度H*从0.111增加到0.222,燃烧效率增加0.35个百分点、燃烧效率随无量纲台阶长度L*增加变化较小、另外传热特性受H*与L*的影响都不大.这表明在扩张型推力室中,燃烧效率下降的主要原因是壁面附近的气态MMH无法与氧化剂有效混合.     

某型滑翔增程靶弹方案弹道设计

针对某滑翔增程靶弹的无动力特性,综合各方面因素,提出一种具有近似平飞段的方案弹道。选择相关参数,设计了一种具有近似平飞段的高度变化律,提出了改进的攻角表达式,得到无动力靶弹三自由度铅垂平面的运动模型。数字仿真证明,这种方法合理可行,满足了靶弹各项战技指标,实现靶弹的近似平飞,方案弹道能较好地追踪给定高度变化,具有较高的工程应用价值。     

Capacity expansion under a service‐level constraint for uncertain demand with lead times

For a service provider facing stochastic demand growth, expansion lead times and economies of scale complicate the expansion timing and sizing decisions. We formulate a model to minimize the infinite horizon expected discounted expansion cost under a service‐level constraint. The service level is defined as the proportion of demand over an expansion cycle that is satisfied by available capacity. For demand that follows a geometric Brownian motion process, we impose a stationary policy under which expansions are triggered by a fixed ratio of demand to the capacity position, i.e., the capacity that will be available when any current expansion project is completed, and each expansion increases capacity by the same proportion. The risk of capacity shortage during a cycle is estimated analytically using the value of an up‐and‐out partial barrier call option. A cutting plane procedure identifies the optimal values of the two expansion policy parameters simultaneously. Numerical instances illustrate that if demand grows slowly with low volatility and the expansion lead times are short, then it is optimal to delay the start of expansion beyond when demand exceeds the capacity position. Delays in initiating expansions are coupled with larger expansion sizes. © 2009 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Naval Research Logistics, 2009     

Balancing and optimizing a portfolio of R&D projects

A mathematical formulation of an optimization model designed to select projects for inclusion in an R&D portfolio, subject to a wide variety of constraints (e.g., capital, headcount, strategic intent, etc.), is presented. The model is similar to others that have previously appeared in the literature and is in the form of a mixed integer programming (MIP) problem known as the multidimensional knapsack problem. Exact solution of such problems is generally difficult, but can be accomplished in reasonable time using specialized algorithms. The main contribution of this paper is an examination of two important issues related to formulation of project selection models such as the one presented here. If partial funding and implementation of projects is allowed, the resulting formulation is a linear programming (LP) problem which can be solved quite easily. Several plausible assumptions about how partial funding impacts project value are presented. In general, our examples suggest that the problem might best be formulated as a nonlinear programming (NLP) problem, but that there is a need for further research to determine an appropriate expression for the value of a partially funded project. In light of that gap in the current body of knowledge and for practical reasons, the LP relaxation of this model is preferred. The LP relaxation can be implemented in a spreadsheet (even for relatively large problems) and gives reasonable results when applied to a test problem based on GM's R&D project selection process. There has been much discussion in the literature on the topic of assigning a quantitative measure of value to each project. Although many alternatives are suggested, no one way is universally accepted as the preferred way. There does seem to be general agreement that all of the proposed methods are subject to considerable uncertainty. A systematic way to examine the sensitivity of project selection decisions to variations in the measure of value is developed. It is shown that the solution for the illustrative problem is reasonably robust to rather large variations in the measure of value. We cannot, however, conclude that this would be the case in general. © 2001 John Wiley & Sons, Inc. Naval Research Logistics 48: 18–40, 2001     

自动化电弧喷涂路径偏移间距的优化模型

基于电弧喷涂沉积丘的轮廓呈高斯分布的假设,并结合实验结果,建立了电弧喷涂沉积丘轮廓的数学模型,由此推导出了自动化喷涂过程中平行路径偏移间距这一重要参量的优化模型。该模型为合理规划自动化喷涂的路径提供了依据。