一种基于EDU模型的新闻视频摘要方法

现有的视频摘要技术缺乏一个统一、可扩充的视频摘要模型。针对该缺陷,提出了实体-描述-效用模型(简称EDU模型),该模型从视频实体出发,经过描述得到效用,并最终根据效用来生成视频摘要,该模型具有可扩展性。对EDU模型进行了详细阐述,并根据该模型,提出了新闻视频故事摘要生成的方法。实验结果表明,该方法具有令人满意的效果。     

数字位置差动瞄准线独立控制系统原理分析与试验研究

基于数字伺服技术介绍了自行高炮数字位置差动瞄准线独立控制系统结构原理,给出了传递函数分析及试验研究结果。指出该系统具有动态精度高、通用性强等特点。     

基于案例决策理论的仿真任务共同体服务选择算法

资源分配优化是面向服务（ SOA）的大型多用途仿真系统的关键问题，而含有不确定状态或效果的服务选择是资源分配优化中的一个难点。针对以上问题，提出了构建仿真任务共同体的方法，基于案例的决策理论（ CBDT）的思想，设计了一种不确定型仿真任务共同体服务选择算法（ CBDSSA）。算法通过服务选择案例相似度的层次化运算，生成相似历史案例集，计算得到相似历史案例的方案效用值，最终评估出目标服务选择方案综合效用值并排序备选。算例验证表明，算法约束条件少，层次结构分明，运算结果直观，为仿真任务共同体服务选择问题提供了一种新的思路和实践手段，对大型多用途仿真系统资源分配优化研究具有一定的参考价值。     

润滑油纳米铜添加剂及其对不同粗糙度表面的减摩自修复行为

采用KBH4液相还原法制备了纳米铜添加剂,采用透射电子显微镜对纳米铜添加剂进行了表征,通过摩擦磨损试验机测试了纳米铜添加剂对4种不同粗糙度摩擦表面所表现的抗磨减摩性能,并对不同的磨损表面进行了光学显微镜和能谱分析。结果表明:纳米铜添加剂为分散性能稳定的20nm的球形颗粒;纳米铜添加剂具有良好的抗磨减摩性能,尤其是对于光滑的摩擦表面,与基础油相比,可使摩擦因数降低24%。纳米铜添加剂还具有良好的自修复性能,摩擦过程中,能够在摩擦表面形成一层高弹性低硬度的自修复膜,自修复效果对于光滑的摩擦表面更为显著。     

微胶囊技术及其在消防中的应用

分析传统固定式气体灭火系统在保护方式上存在的缺陷和火探灭火系统的优点 ,提出在特定消防保护场所采用火探灭火系统替代传统固定式气体灭火系统的建议。     

菜籽油基防锈润滑添加剂的制备及性能研究

菜籽油基添加剂是一种可生物降解的环保的润滑剂。水基润滑剂具有导热性好,成本低廉等优点。利用菜籽油制备了一种具有良好润滑性、极压性、防锈性及表面活性的多效水溶性润滑添加剂。此添加剂生物降解性好,制备过程中无废物及污染物产生,具有很好的环保效果。     

增材制造技术在军事物流中的应用研究

增材制造技术是一种新型的制造技术,现已被应用到了航空航天、汽车工业和军事等诸多行业领域。作为军事领域的重要组成部分,军事物流与增材制造技术通过军用物资这一共同的作用对象为纽带存在着天然的联系。遗憾的是,目前增材制造技术在军事领域的应用范围还比较局限,有关军事物流的应用更是少见。为有效推动增材制造技术在军事物流中的应用实践,本文首先从装备研制、装备维修、医疗保障和工程保障四个方面归纳总结了增材制造技术的军事应用现状;在此基础上,研究探讨了增材制造技术在军事物流中的两种应用模式,即物资储备和伴随保障;最后,从思想认识、经费投入、理论研究、应用试点以及人才储备五个方面提出了增材制造技术的军事物流应用对策建议。     

A cost–benefit analysis of terrorist attacks

A cost–benefit analysis of terrorist attacks is developed and placed within a systematic theoretical structure. For the target or object of the attack, we consider the lost value of human lives, lost economic value, and lost influence value, counted as benefits for the terrorist. The corresponding losses for the terrorist are counted as costs. The terrorist attacks if benefits outweigh costs. Bounded rationality is enabled where the three kinds of benefits and costs can be weighted differently. We account for two ex ante probabilities of successful planning and attack, and enable the terrorist to assign different weights to its multiple stakeholders. We introduce multiple time periods, time discounting, attitudes towards risk, and subcategories for the benefits and costs. The cost–benefit analysis is illustrated with the 11 September 2001 attack, and 53 incidents in the Global Terrorism Database yielding both positive and negative expected utilities. The paper is intended as a tool for scientists and policy-makers, as a way of thinking about costs and benefits of terrorist attacks.     

目标信息的时效性分析

战场态势是随时间不断变化的,描述战场实体状态的目标信息有其寿命周期,须及时生成并提供给使用者.提出信息价值和信息时效性的概念来衡量指挥自动化系统提供的目标信息是否满足作战行动对时间的要求.信息价值因为延时而衰减,从而降低使用信息所能达到的效果.通过分析信息延时对决策质量、毁伤概率的影响,分别讨论了信息用于决策和作战的时效性.     

An examination of the effects of the criterion functional on optimal fire-support policies

This paper examines the dependence of the structure of optimal time-sequential fire-support policies on the quantification of military objectives by considering four specific problems, each corresponding to a different quantification of objectives (i.e. criterion functional). We consider the optimal time-sequential allocation of supporting fires during the “approach to contact” of friendly infantry against enemy defensive positions. The combat dynamics are modelled by deterministic Lanchester-type equations of warfare, and the optimal fire-support policy for each one-sided combat optimization problem is developed via optimal control theory. The problems are all nonconvex, and local optima are a particular difficulty in one of them. For the same combat dynamics, the splitting of supporting fires between two enemy forces in any optimal policy (i.e. the optimality of singular subarcs) is shown to depend only on whether the terminal payoff reflects the objective of attaining an “overall” military advantage or a “local” one. Additionally, switching times for changes in the ranking of target priorities are shown to be different (sometimes significantly) when the decision criterion is the difference and the ratio of the military worths (computed according to linear utilities) of total infantry survivors and also the difference and the ratio of the military worths (computed according to linear utilities) of total infantry survivors and also the difference and the ratio of the military worths of the combatants' total infantry losses. Thus, the optimal fire-support policy for this attack scenario is shown to be significantly influenced by the quantification of military objectives.     

高旋弹头滑块控制的建模与仿真

建立了双滑块机构下的高旋弹头动力学分析模型,对气动力矩变化和惯量张量变化给外弹道参数带来的影响进行了仿真研究,结果表明:双滑块机构对弹道三维方向的改变均有效果,同时弹头飞行攻角也是逐渐减小,因此系统的稳定性也是可以得到保证的,这就为后续的闭环控制提供了必要的保证.     

一种Hough变换航迹起始参数空间划分方法

针对Hough变换参数空间间隔尺度对发现概率的影响,分析了基于Hough变换航迹起始方法在存在正态分布的系统噪色、观测噪声和无噪声3种情况下参数空间矩形带宽度的划分对发现概率的影响,提出了可以补偿测量噪声的参数空间划分方法,仿真结果验证了此方法的有效性和可行性。     

Dynamic learning,pricing, and ordering by a censored newsvendor

We address the problem of determining optimal ordering and pricing policies in a finite‐horizon newsvendor model with unobservable lost sales. The demand distribution is price‐dependent and involves unknown parameters. We consider both the cases of perishable and nonperishable inventory. A very general class of demand functions is studied in this paper. We derive the optimal ordering and pricing policies as unique functions of the stocking factor (which is a linear transformation of the safety factor). An important expression is obtained for the marginal expected value of information. As a consequence, we show when lost sales are unobservable, with perishable inventory the optimal stocking factor is always at least as large as the one given by the single‐period model; however, if inventory is nonperishable, this result holds only under a strong condition. This expression also helps to explain why the optimal stocking factor of a period may not increase with the length of the problem. We compare this behavior with that of a full information model. We further examine the implications of the results to the special cases when demand uncertainty is described by additive and multiplicative models. For the additive case, we show that if demand is censored, the optimal policy is to order more as well as charge higher retail prices when compared to the policies in the single‐period model and the full information model. We also compare the optimal and myopic policies for the additive and multiplicative models. © 2007 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Naval Research Logistics, 2007     

抗磨添加剂与电弧喷涂耐磨涂层间的协同效应

研究了2种φ2mm粉芯丝材电弧喷涂Fe-Cr-Ni涂层和7Crl3涂层以及与2种典型润滑油抗磨添加剂的协同效应,并借助X光电子能谱(XPS)研究了其协同作用机理.结果表明DBP和ZDDP润滑油抗磨添加剂能明显地改善电弧喷涂Fe-Cr-Ni涂层和7Cr13涂层的抗磨性.添加剂DBP能显著地降低2种电弧喷涂涂层/GCr15摩擦副的摩擦系数,但ZDDP抗磨添加u剂的减摩效果不太显著.在含DBP和ZDDP添加剂油润滑条件下,涂层磨痕表面形成了摩擦化学反应膜.     

含偶氮甲酰胺复合食品添加剂生产的火灾危险性及消防安全对策

偶氮甲酰胺是一种常用食品添加剂,通常与其它添加剂复合以后使用,在复配过程中有发生燃烧爆炸的危险。对含偶氮甲酰胺复合食品添加剂生产中的火灾危险性进行分析,探讨预防火灾及爆炸事故发生的有效措施,并提出应急处理、灭火需要注意的事项。     

投影法在防空群火力分配中的应用

防空群火力分配作为防空指挥自动化系统作战辅助决策的重要组成部分,在现代防空作战中将起着越来越重要的作用,而其关键是及时、准确地判断出来袭目标的威胁程度。以前解决这一问题多是通过线性加权法,引入投影法并通过实例说明了该方法具有简单,易于理解,计算结果合理等优点。     

Optimal stopping problems for differential equations perturbed by a poisson process

We investigate a class of optimal stopping problems for dynamical systems described by one-dimensional differential equations with an additive Poisson disturbance. The rate of the disturbance may depend upon the current state of the system. A dynamic programming equation for the optimal stopping cost is derived along with conditions which must be met at the boundary of the optimal stopping set. These boundary conditions depend upon whether or not the stopping set may be entered by smooth motion.     

烷烃磨削液应用于Si_3N_4陶瓷磨削时的砂轮堵塞机理及改性研究

通过一系列试验,考察了采用不同烷烃乳液及极性添加剂作为磨削液时金刚石砂轮磨削S i3N4陶瓷时的堵塞效果。试验结果表明:由于烷烃油膜表面的非极性性质对非极性的S i3N4磨屑有很强的吸引力,采用烷烃乳液作为磨削液时,金刚石砂轮较易发生堵塞。通过在烷烃乳液中添加极性有机物,可以很大程度上缓解堵塞的发生,最佳的极性添加剂分子结构需要同时具备一定的憎水基团和亲水基团。     

纳米复合自修复添加剂发动机台架试验研究

通过WD615．67行车用6缸柴油机发动机台架试验,研究了含有纳米铜材料的纳米复合添加剂对发动机动力性能的影响,试验前后对发动机主要摩擦副尺寸进行了测量。结果表明,纳米复合添加剂对发动机不同材料的摩擦副均有较好的抗磨效果,特别是在缸套等摩擦部位出现了“负磨损”,实现了摩擦副表面的原位动态自修复。添加纳米复合添加剂后有效地降低了比油耗,减少了机械功率损失, 提高了发动机的功率,改善了发动机的动力性能。     

增量比例导引弹道仿真研究

通过引入附加增量,对传统的比例导引方法进行改进。建立了增量比例导引方法的数学模型,运用Matlab语言进行仿真计算,分析了不同的比例导引系数、附加增量对导引弹道及导弹与目标相遇时间的影响,得到不同导引系数及附加增量下的弹道曲线和弹目相遇时间,仿真结果表明与传统的比例导引方法相比,在比例导引系数不变的情况下,选择合适的附加增量可以减少导弹与目标的相遇时间。