【专题】基于装备试验数据的信息管理平台建设研究

装备试验数据作为装备制造产业的重要生产要素,对其管理的能力已成为企业应对创新发展机遇的重要竞争力。本文对装备试验数据进行概要介绍,并对试验数据结构及特点进行分析。同时,按照装备试验数据的保密管理原则,结合装备试验活动各阶段产生的数据类型,以及试验数据量大、种类多、处理速度快等特点,提出试验数据分级管理模型。在此基础上,从试验数据在装备履约、鉴定评估以及实际应用等管理需求出发,分析当前数据管理要求规范化、多源数据管理系统化以及分析工具综合化等数据管理中需要关注的问题,提出装备试验数据信息管理平台建设框架,深入分析管理平台的基础运行环境、数据采集与预处理、分布式存储、数据分析挖掘与应用等信息管理功能模块,旨在为进一步加强装备试验数据管理提供借鉴与参考。     

软件内建自测试中测试点的研究

“软件内建自测试”是软件测试和可测性设计研究领域中的一个新概念,其思想来源于硬件内建自测试BIST(Build-In-Self-Test),即模拟硬件BIST中的附加电路。在软件中也插入这样的一些“附加电路”,即测试点(CheckPoint),这样就大大减少了测试时的复杂度,其中测试点设置是软件内建自测试系统的核心模块之一。具体讨论了测试点设置策略、测试点个数,最后给出了一个具体的实现。     

地面防空火力单元抗饱和攻击能力分析与应用

在分析影响防空火力单元抗饱和攻击能力的基础上,建立了基于排队论求解防空作战能力的数学模型,对防空火力单元的抗饱和攻击能力进行了仿真计算。通过对火力单元对目标射击的毁歼概率和服务时间相对于抗击率的相互关系的分析,研究了集火射击对于防空兵群抗饱和攻击能力的影响,并在兵力资源需求分析和防空火力配系优化等方面进行了运用。     

通用油料装备质量分级研究

通用油料装备的质量分级是依据油料装备的不同技术状况划分质量等级,以便于装备的使用、维护、退役和报废。介绍了通用油料装备的质量分级应遵循的原则和质量等级划分的主要依据,将通用油料装备质量等级分为四等六级,每一级对应一个级值,给出了质量分级的数学模型,并提出了分级依据对应级值的条件或计算方法。     

虚拟物流信息平台构建中的CORBA技术应用

在建立虚拟物流信息平台逻辑模型基础上,提出虚拟物流信息平台的CORBA技术应用方案,包括新系统与遗留系统的集成方案、合作伙伴企业系统间的集成方案以及跨越异构软硬件环境的实施模型等.上述方案表明,CORBA技术在虚拟物流信息平台构建中具有重要作用.     

【专题】装备大数据安全保护研究

本文通过梳理大数据技术发展及数据资源建设现状,可视化呈现了数据资源建设使用中出现的数据泄露现状及趋势,剖析了数据泄露的根本原因。在分析军队装备大数据建设及规划情况的基础上,建立了装备大数据安全问题分析方法,即在数据采集阶段、数据传输阶段、数据存储阶段和数据使用阶段,分别构建装备大数据不同维度安全要素,包括安全威胁、安全主体和安全保障,并应用于分析装备大数据安全问题。此外,本研究还深入分析了装备大数据建设应用过程中四个阶段存在的安全风险,构建了装备大数据全周期、立体化、协同化的安全防护体系,研究了装备大数据安全保护技术框架,包括以大数据访问控制技术、安全检索技术和安全计算技术为支撑的大数据安全技术和以匿名隐私保护技术和差分隐私保护技术为支撑的大数据保护技术。希翼研究结果能够为装备大数据全寿命周期内的安全防护提供一定借鉴。     

When are observed failures more informative than observed survivals?

A framework involving independent competing risks permits observing failures due to a specific cause and failures due to a competing cause, which constitute survival times from the cause of primary interest. Is observing more failures more informative than observing survivals? Intuitively, due to the definitiveness of failures, the answer seems to be the former. However, it has been shown before that this intuition holds when estimating the mean but not the failure rate of the exponential model with a gamma prior distribution for the failure rate. In this article, we address this question at a more general level. We show that for a certain class of distributions failures can be more informative than survivals for prediction of life length and vice versa for some others. We also show that for a large class of lifetime models, failure is less informative than survival for estimating the proportional hazards parameter with gamma, Jeffreys, and uniform priors. We further show that, for this class of lifetime models, on average, failure is more informative than survival for parameter estimation and for prediction. These results imply that the inferential purpose and properties of the lifetime distribution are germane for conducting life tests. © 2013 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Naval Research Logistics, 2013     

Optimal renewal policies for complex systems

Most maintenance and replacement models for industrial equipment have been developed for independent single-component machines. Most equipment, however, consists of multiple components. Also, when the maintenance crew services several machines, the maintenance policy for each machine is not independent of the states of the other machines. In this paper, two dynamic programming replacement models are presented. The first is used to determine the optimal replacement policy for multi-component equipment. The second is used to determine the optimal replacement policy for a multi-machine system which uses one replacement crew to service several machines. In addition, an approach is suggested for developing an efficient replacement policy for a multi-component, multi-machine system.     

运输装备保障效能评估模型研究

运输装备保障效能评估是军交运输系统优化的基础。构建了运输装备效能评估指标体系，提出了指标标准化和定性指标定量化的思路和方法，建立了不同条件下设计保障效能和瞬时保障效能评估模型。这些模型不仅具有很强的适用性，而且为成系统成建制装备的整体保障效能评估奠定了基础。     

Bounds on optimal cost for a replacement problem with partial observations

This paper characterizes the structure of optimal strategies for a replacement problem for two special cases of observation quality. It is shown that when the state of the system is either completely observed or completely unobserved at every decision epoch by the controller, reasonable assumptions are sufficient for the existence of optimal replacement strategies composed of policies having a generalized, control-limit form. These structural results are of particular interest since the optimal cost functions for the two special cases represent bounds on the optimal cost function for the general partially observed case, significant computational simplification can result for the two special cases due to their optimal strategy structure, and optimal strategies possessing a control-limit structure do not necessarily exist for the general partially observed case.     

面向装备论证的多方案分析框架

多方案分析是实现军事需求向装备建设发展与作战使用前瞻性映射的重要手段。分析了面向装备论证的多方案分析内涵，并从需求分析、可行性分析阶段和方案分析及优选三个阶段构建了面向装备论证的多方案分析基本框架，最后对多方案分析三个阶段的主要研究内容进行了详细阐述与分析。研究成果可为装备发展建设决策提供基础理论、方法和手段支撑。     

关于军事物流系统优化的研究

根据现代战争对军事物流保障提出的客观需求,以及我国军事物流的发展现状,分析了进行军事物流系统优化的必要性,探讨了军事物流系统优化的基本思路,着重阐述了军事物流系统优化的几点措施.     

模糊多属性决策理论在防空兵作战能力评估中的应用

针对防空兵系统特点,运用模糊多属性决策理论探索防空兵作战能力评估问题。构建了模糊多属性评估算法,结合具体的数学工具建立了模糊多属性评估模型,经过三级模糊综合评估得出评估结论。经实例检验该方法在防空兵作战能力评估中具有较好的应用价值,另外该方法在其他领域也具有较好的推广价值。     

Synchronization in hub terminals with the circular arrangement problem

Hub terminals are important entities in modern distribution networks and exist for any transportation device, that is, cross docks and parcel distribution centers for trucks, container ports for ships, railway yards for trains, and hub airports for aircraft. In any of these hubs, the mid‐term planning task of synchronizing the transshipment of goods and passengers when servicing the transportation devices has to be solved, for which many different solution approaches specifically tailored to the respective application exist. We, however, take a unified view on synchronization in hubs and aim at a general building block. As a point of origin, a basic vertex ordering problem, the circular arrangement problem (CAP), is identified. We explain the relation between the CAP and hub processes, develop suited algorithms for solving the CAP, and extend the basic CAP by multiple additions, for example, arrival times, limited storage space, and multiple service points, make the problem adaptable to a wide range of hub terminals. © 2015 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Naval Research Logistics 62: 454–469, 2015     

直升机装备子母弹对坦克群作战的效能分析

分析了几个影响坦克威胁程度的主要因素,采用新的归一化效用函数法,对各目标的威胁程度进行评估,确定智能子母弹的攻击瞄准点.然后建立智能子母弹对目标攻击过程的数学模型及毁伤概率的计算模型,通过蒙特卡洛方法计算各目标命中的子弹数目.综合目标的特性进行多次仿真,得出了子母弹对整个坦克群目标的作战效能.最后模拟实现了整个攻击过程...     

Tabular aids for fitting weibull moment estimates

Moment estimators for the parameters of the Weibull distribution are considered in the context of analysis of field data. The data available are aggregated, with individual failure times not recorded. In this case, the complexity of the likelihood function argues against the use of maximum-likelihood estimation, particularly for relatively large sets of data, and moment estimators are a reasonable alternative. In this article, we derive the asymptotic covariance matrix of the moment estimators, and provide listings for BASIC computer programs which generate tables useful for calculation of the estimates as well as for estimating the asymptotic covariance matrix using aggregated data.     

基于多视角的装备体系军事需求开发框架模型

装备体系军事需求开发框架模型为装备体系军事需求的开发提供了指导和规则.考虑到军事装备体系自身的体系复杂性和参与军事需求开发的人员多样性,为了能综合反映出各个角度上的需求,应用多视角方法首先对装备体系军事需求进行了分析,然后基于该方法构建了军事需求开发框架模型,进而分析了装备体系军事需求体系,最后以示例来说明该框架模型的实用性.     

海上编队信息系统的分等级安全防护体系

海上编队信息系统的安全防护能力,是确保系统稳定可靠和安全,确保作战指挥顺畅和信息安全,确保诸兵力协同作战时信息保密共享、信息安全利用、武器可靠共用的重要前提。海上编队信息系统的安全问题是一个系统工程,必须首先从系统体系结构上进行整体考虑。本文遵循深度防御、分等级防护和综合防范思想,确定了海上编队信息系统安全域划分原则,构建了分等级安全防护体系结构,为未来海上编队信息系统的分等级安全防护提供了指导和依据。     

C4ISR系统军事需求描述概念模型

C4ISR系统军事需求描述概念模型在C4ISR需求建模中具有重要地位.概要分析了C2过程模型,提出C4ISR系统军事需求描述的概念模型--分为"客体"、"主体"和"建模"三个部分,给出了军事需求描述常用概念、术语的定义,通过C4ISR系统军事需求描述概念模型说明了这些概念和术语的相互关系,给出了C4ISR系统军事需求描述的基本要求;示例说明了概念模型的合理性.     

On competitive analysis for polling systems

Polling systems have been widely studied, however most of these studies focus on polling systems with renewal processes for arrivals and random variables for service times. There is a need driven by practical applications to study polling systems with arbitrary arrivals (not restricted to time-varying or in batches) and revealed service time upon a job's arrival. To address that need, our work considers a polling system with generic setting and for the first time provides the worst-case analysis for online scheduling policies in this system. We provide conditions for the existence of constant competitive ratios, and competitive lower bounds for general scheduling policies in polling systems. Our work also bridges the queueing and scheduling communities by proving the competitive ratios for several well-studied policies in the queueing literature, such as cyclic policies with exhaustive, gated or l-limited service disciplines for polling systems.