Experimental and numerical investigations of interface properties of Ti6Al4V/CP-Ti/Copper composite plate prepared by explosive welding

Explosive welding technique is widely used in many industries. This technique is useful to weld different kinds of metal alloys that are not easily welded by any other welding methods. Interlayer plays an important role to improve the welding quality and control energy loss during the collision process. In this paper, the Ti6Al4V plate was welded with a copper plate in the presence of a commercially pure titanium interlayer. Microstructure details of welded composite plate were observed through optical and scanning electron microscope. Interlayer-base plate interface morphology showed a wavy structure with solid melted regions inside the vortices. Moreover, the energy dispersive spectroscopy analysis in the interlayer-base interface reveals that there are some identified regions of different kinds of chemical equilibrium phases of Cu–Ti, i.e. CuTi, Cu₂Ti, CuTi₂, Cu₄Ti, etc. To study the mechanical properties of composite plates, mechanical tests were conducted, including the tensile test, bending test, shear test and Vickers hardness test. Numerical simulation of explosive welding process was performed with coupled Smooth Particle Hydrodynamic method, Euler and Arbitrary Lagrangian-Eulerian method. The multi-physics process of explosive welding, including detonation, jetting and interface morphology, was observed with simulation. Moreover, simulated plastic strain, temperature and pressure profiles were analysed to understand the welding conditions. Simulated results show that the interlayer base plate interface was created due to the high plastic deformation and localized melting of the parent plates. At the collision point, both alloys behave like fluids, resulting in the formation of a wavy morphology with vortices, which is in good agreement with the experimental results.     

Blast resistance evaluation of urban utility tunnel reinforced with BFRP bars

To improve corrosion-resistance of shallow-buried concrete urban utility tunnels(UUTs),basalt fiber reinforced polymer(BFRP)bars are applied to reinforce UUTs.As the UUT must have excellent survival capability under accidental explosions,a shallow-buried BFRP bars reinforced UUT(BBRU)was designed and constructed.Repetitive blast experiments were carried out on this BBRU.Dynamic responses,damage evolutions and failure styles of the BBRU under repetitive explosions were revealed.The tunnel roof is the most vulnerable component and longitudinal cracks develop along the tunnel.When the scaled distance is larger than 1.10 m/kg1/3,no cracks are observed in the experiments.When the BBRU is severely damaged,there are five cracks forming and developing along the roof.The roof is simplified as a clamped-supported one-way slab,proved by the observation that the maximum strain of the transverse bar is much larger than that of the longitudinal bar.Dynamic responses of the roof slab are predicted by dynamic Euler beam theory,which can consistently predict the roof displacement under large-scaled-distance explosion.Compared with the UUT reinforced with steel bars,the BBRU has advantages in blast resistance with smaller deflections and more evenly-distributed cracks when the scaled distance is smaller than 1.260 m/kg1/3 and the steel bars enter plastic state.Longer elastic defamation of the BFRP bars endows the UUT more excellent blast resistance under small-scaled-distance explosions.     

A cooperative interference resource allocation method based on improved firefly algorithm

To deal with the radio frequency threat posed by modern complex radar networks to aircraft, we researched the unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV) formations radar countermeasures, aiming at the solution of radar jamming resource allocation under system countermeasures. A jamming resource allocation method based on an improved firefly algorithm (FA) is proposed. Firstly, the comprehensive factors affecting the level of threat and interference efficiency of radiation source are quantified by a fuzzy comprehensive evaluation. Besides, the interference efficiency matrix and the objective function of the allocation model are determined to establish the interference resource allocation model. Finally, A mutation operator and an adaptive heuristic are integtated into the FA algorithm, which searches an interference resource allocation scheme. The simulation results show that the improved FA algorithm can compensate for the deficiencies of the FA algorithm. The improved FA algorithm provides a more sci-entific and reasonable decision-making plan for aircraft mission allocation and can effectively deal with the battlefield threats of the enemy radar network. Moreover, in terms of convergence accuracy and speed as well as algorithm stability, the improved FA algorithm is superior to the simulated annealing algorithm (SA), the niche genetic algorithm (NGA), the improved discrete cuckoo algorithm (IDCS), the mutant firefly algorithm (MFA), the cuckoo search and fireflies algorithm (CSFA), and the best neighbor firefly algorithm (BNFA).     

Fabrication and characterization of Al-CuO nanocomposites prepared by sol-gel method

In this study, Al-CuO nanocomposites were fabricated by sol-gel method. As a contrast, the thermite was prepared by physical mixing at the equivalence ratio of 0.5, 1, 2, respectively. The intermediates and samples as prepared were characterized by SEM and XRD. The exothermic properties of the two samples prepared at different equivalence ratios were tested and the reaction products were characterized by XRD. The SEM results show that the sample prepared by the sol-gel method demonstrates a micron-sized agglomerated sphere formed by a mutual wrapping of Al NPs and CuO NPs, and the particles are evenly distributed in the agglomerate. In addition, when the content of Al powder is seriously insufficient, the heat release of the sample prepared by physical mixing is 1.6 times that of by sol-gel method. With the increase of Al powder content, the exothermic properties of Al/CuO NPs prepared by sol-gel method began to increase significantly compared with physical mixing and the difference is 1.5 times when the equivalence ratio increases to 2. It can be concluded that the reason for this result may be attributed to the different mass transfer modes of components due to the different morphologies of samples.     

6LoWPAN网络中基于非协作博弈算法的能效拥塞策略

拥塞问题导致6LoWPAN网络的数据包丢失,降低了网络吞吐量,并增加了额外能耗.为此,提出基于非协作博弈算法的能效拥塞(Non-cooperative Gaming for Energy-efficient Congestion Control,NGECC)策略.NGECC策略利用信道占用情况和缓存区的使用状况,优化叶节点的数据传输速率,进而避免父节点端的数据传输拥塞,从而降低数据包的丢失率.仿真结果表明,提出的NGECC策略提升了数据包传递率、吞吐量,并降低了能耗和数据传输时延.     

新时期必须把意识形态建设提高到国家安全战略地位

改革开放以来 ,我国意识形态领域的斗争错综复杂。随着国家安全由传统的军事安全发展为综合安全 ,意识形态安全已成为国家安全利益的重要组成部分。党的第二代、第三代领导集体自觉顺应时代要求 ,把意识形态建设提高到国家安全的战略地位。着眼于 2 1世纪中国的发展 ,必须从国家安全的战略高度 ,切实加强社会主义意识形态建设 ,为国家的发展构筑一个安全的思想文化环境。     

超宽带雷达回波的双谱分析方法

谱分析是雷达信号处理的重要组成部分,对目标分类、特征检测均有重要意义。高阶谱所具有的特殊性质,有助于人们从新的角度对雷达回波进行分析。本文提出了一种双谱分析双（Ｑ,Ｋ）方法。仿真结果表明,本文提出的方法与其它的双谱估计算法相比估计精度更高。最后给出了应用实例     

军事物流单证的信息服务研究

物流单证是物流系统之间数据交换的载体,是实现物流业务流程无缝衔接的条件。文章介绍了物流单证结构,研究了军事物流单证的信息交换过程,建立了军事物流单证的信息交换架构,探讨了军事物流单证信息查询和业务状态信息跟踪服务。     

泄漏类火灾原因的认定

本文通过具体实例分析了泄漏的危险性以及因此而引发火灾的原因及其认定。     

光电对抗技术发展概况及装备需求

阐述了光电对抗的基本概念及其发展状况,针对现代海战的战法特点,论证了发展海军光电对抗系统的紧迫性,指出了光电对抗系统的关键技术．