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121.
We consider the optimal control of a production inventory‐system with a single product and two customer classes where items are produced one unit at a time. Upon arrival, customer orders can be fulfilled from existing inventory, if there is any, backordered, or rejected. The two classes are differentiated by their backorder and lost sales costs. At each decision epoch, we must determine whether or not to produce an item and if so, whether to use this item to increase inventory or to reduce backlog. At each decision epoch, we must also determine whether or not to satisfy demand from a particular class (should one arise), backorder it, or reject it. In doing so, we must balance inventory holding costs against the costs of backordering and lost sales. We formulate the problem as a Markov decision process and use it to characterize the structure of the optimal policy. We show that the optimal policy can be described by three state‐dependent thresholds: a production base‐stock level and two order‐admission levels, one for each class. The production base‐stock level determines when production takes place and how to allocate items that are produced. This base‐stock level also determines when orders from the class with the lower shortage costs (Class 2) are backordered and not fulfilled from inventory. The order‐admission levels determine when orders should be rejected. We show that the threshold levels are monotonic (either nonincreasing or nondecreasing) in the backorder level of Class 2. We also characterize analytically the sensitivity of these thresholds to the various cost parameters. Using numerical results, we compare the performance of the optimal policy against several heuristics and show that those that do not allow for the possibility of both backordering and rejecting orders can perform poorly.© 2010 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Naval Research Logistics 2010 相似文献
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20世纪50年代末60年代初期,在平息西藏反动上层发动的全面武装叛乱后.进藏人民解放军各部队按照中共中央的要求,为确保西藏民主改革顺利实施,承担起光荣的历史使命,以多种方式积极投身于西藏民主改革运动中,充分发挥了战斗队的职能.为西藏民主革命事业的胜利做出重大贡献. 相似文献
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1935年,进入西南地区的中央红军与"追剿"的蒋介石和国民党军展开周旋。国民党军欲一举置红军于死地,红军则要在困境中奋力图存。遵义会议后重新执掌红军领导权的毛泽东,一开始并未找到最适合红军生存的途径。经过几次试探,他很快敏锐意识到红军不能与国民党军展开硬碰硬的较量,而是要审时度势,毅然决然选择最有利的生存道路。一旦固有思维消解,在崇山峻岭、国民党方面又各自为战的西南地区,前路就豁然开朗。最终,红军在金沙江脱出了国民党军的包围圈。这一段历史充分证明,准确估计自己的力量,打破既有思维模式,对政治力量而言,具有何等重要的意义。 相似文献
126.
首先对装备动员中知识产权问题的成因进行了分析,然后从军队装备自我保障体系存在的问题、装备承包商和非承包商在装备动员中的作用以及进口武器的装备保障等几个方面探讨了知识产权问题对我国装备动员建设的启示。 相似文献
127.
Since a system and its components usually deteriorate with age, preventive maintenance (PM) is often performed to restore or keep the function of a system in a good state. Furthermore, PM is capable of improving the health condition of the system and thus prolongs its effective age. There has been a vast amount of research to find optimal PM policies for deteriorating repairable systems. However, such decisions involve numerous uncertainties and the analyses are typically difficult to perform because of the scarcity of data. It is therefore important to make use of all information in an efficient way. In this article, a Bayesian decision model is developed to determine the optimal number of PM actions for systems which are maintained according to a periodic PM policy. A non‐homogeneous Poisson process with a power law failure intensity is used to describe the deteriorating behavior of the repairable system. It is assumed that the status of the system after a PM is somewhere between as good as new for a perfect repair and as good as old for a minimal repair, and for failures between two preventive maintenances, the system undergoes minimal repairs. Finally, a numerical example is given and the results of the proposed approach are discussed after performing sensitivity analysis. © 2007 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Naval Research Logistics, 2008 相似文献
128.
根据语音研究的要求,提出一种运用逆滤波基音同步分析提取声门波的方法,此方法可以比较准确地提取声门波。文中讨论了这种方法的原理、实现及其结果。 相似文献
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本文通过对影响武器系统终端效能各因素的分析,提出了利用弹道信息对引信炸点实施自适应控制与弹道识别的基本原理及弹道特征量的确定准则,并给出了三种不同的弹道特征量。 相似文献