柔性加工单元故障诊断的模糊Petri网模型

针对故障诊断专家系统中专家知识的模糊性和不确定性,给出用模糊Ｐｅｔｒｉ网（ＦＰＮ）模型表示模糊产生式规则（ＦＰＲ）知识的方法、知识的存储、模糊推理机制及算法的实现。同时,以ＪＣＳ—０２０（ＦＡＮＵＣ）加工中心主轴伺服故障诊断为例,说明该方法在故障诊断专家系统（ＦＤＥＳ）中应用的可行性与有效性。     

Statistical equivalency and optimality of simple step‐stress accelerated test plans for the exponential distribution

Accelerated life testing (ALT) is commonly used to obtain reliability information about a product in a timely manner. Several stress loading designs have been proposed and recent research interests have emerged concerning the development of equivalent ALT plans. Step‐stress ALT (SSALT) is one of the most commonly used stress loadings because it usually shortens the test duration and reduces the number of required test units. This article considers two fundamental questions when designing a SSALT and provides formal proofs in answer to each. Namely: (1) can a simple SSALT be designed so that it is equivalent to other stress loading designs? (2) when optimizing a multilevel SSALT, does it degenerate to a simple SSALT plan? The answers to both queries, under certain reasonable model assumptions, are shown to be a qualified YES. In addition, we provide an argument to support the rationale of a common practice in designing a SSALT, that is, setting the higher stress level as high as possible in a SSALT plan. © 2012 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Naval Research Logistics, 2013     

Integrated scheduling of loading and transportation with tractors and semitrailers separated

Motivated by some practical applications, we study a new integrated loading and transportation scheduling problem. Given a set of jobs, a single crane is available to load jobs, one by one, onto semitrailers with a given capacity. Loaded semitrailers are assigned to tractors for transportation tasks. Subject to limited resources (crane, semitrailers, and tractors), the problem is to determine (1) an assignment of jobs to semitrailers for loading tasks, (2) a sequence for the crane to load jobs onto semitrailers, (3) an assignment of loaded semitrailers to tractors for transportation tasks, and (4) a transportation schedule of assigned tractors such that the completion time of the last transportation task is minimized. We first formulate the problem as a mixed integer linear programming model (MILPM) and prove that the problem is strongly NP‐hard. Then, optimality properties are provided which are useful in establishing an improved MILPM and designing solution algorithms. We develop a constructive heuristic, two LP‐based heuristics, and a recovering beam search heuristic to solve this problem. An improved procedure for solutions by heuristics is also presented. Furthermore, two branch‐and‐bound (B&B) algorithms with two different lower bounds are developed to solve the problem to optimality. Finally, computational experiments using both real data and randomly generated data demonstrate that our heuristics are highly efficient and effective. In terms of computational time and the number of instances solved to optimality in a time limit, the B&B algorithms are better than solving the MILPM. © 2015 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Naval Research Logistics 62: 416–433, 2015     

信息化条件下美军心理战"云"活动范式论

近年来,美军利用其先进的信息传输系统,综合运用信息媒介、人际关系、组织机构、生理刺激等多种方式,使心理战趋向系统整合的"云"活动.该种活动范式呈现出心理战主体构成复合化、心理战情报获取渠道网栅化、心理战信息开发系统化、心理战致效路径组合化、心理战作战空间多域化等特点.     

试论20世纪20年代中国留苏军事教育与中国革命

20世纪20年代中国的留苏教育不仅为中国培养了革命干部,而且为中国共产党造就了一批军事人才。以往人们对前者关注较多,而对后者注意甚少。本文试图探讨20世纪20年代留苏军事教育的发展过程及其与中国国内革命形势的关系和对后来中国革命的影响。     

亲合层析SELEX法筛选相思子毒素寡核苷酸适配子

报道了采用亲和树脂法对相思子毒素蛋白进行反复的SELEX筛选,获得与靶物质结合率这32．5％的富集文库,并克隆得到了单克隆适配子序列,软件模拟了这些序列的二级结构,选择部分序列选择性剪切后利用荧光偏振方法进行检测,对靶蛋白的检测限达到亚nmol量。     

略论思想政治工作中的形象思维

在思想政治工作实践中 ,作为重要的非理性思维因素在工作主体的思维方式中是大量存在的 ,并且可以“配合”理性思维 ,促进思想政治工作的有效运行。本文分析了形象思维在工作主体思维方式中的地位 ,阐述了在思想政治工作中形象思维的过程、特征及其积极意义与作用     

Balancing a one‐way corridor capacity and safety‐oriented reliability: A stochastic optimization approach for metro train timetabling

In urban rail transit systems of large cities, the headway and following distance of successive trains have been compressed as much as possible to enhance the corridor capacity to satisfy extremely high passenger demand during peak hours. To prevent train collisions and ensure the safety of trains, a safe following distance of trains must be maintained. However, this requirement is subject to a series of complex factors, such as the uncertain train braking performance, train communication delay, and driver reaction time. In this paper, we propose a unified mathematical framework to analyze the safety‐oriented reliability of metro train timetables with different corridor capacities, that is, the train traffic density, and determine the most reliable train timetable for metro lines in an uncertain environment. By employing a space‐time network representation in the formulations, the reliability‐based train timetabling problem is formulated as a nonlinear stochastic programming model, in which we use 0‐1 variables to denote the time‐dependent velocity and position of all involved trains. Several reformulation techniques are developed to obtain an equivalent mixed integer programming model with quadratic constraints (MIQCP) that can be solved to optimality by some commercial solvers. To improve the computational efficiency of the MIQCP model, we develop a dual decomposition solution framework that decomposes the primal problem into several sets of subproblems by dualizing the coupling constraints across different samples. An exact dynamic programming combined with search space reduction strategies is also developed to solve the exact optimal solutions of these subproblems. Two sets of numerical experiments, which involve a relatively small‐scale case and a real‐world instance based on the operation data of the Beijing subway Changping Line are implemented to verify the effectiveness of the proposed approaches.     

从世界主要国家动员实践看我国国防动员应急应战一体化体制建设

本文透过世界主要国家国防动员应急应战的动员实践,认真分析了我国国防动员系统在历次抗灾救灾中所暴露的主要问题,并以此为切入点从应急应战领导指挥体制、应急应战力量体系、物资装备保障体系、应急应战法规体系等四个方面,对构建我国应急应战一体化体制进行了深入的研究探讨,提出了具有一定实践价值的意见建议。