Survivability assessment of spacecraft impacted by orbit debris

To help optimize the spacecraft design and reduce the risk of spacecraft mission failure, a new approach to assess the survivability of spacecraft in orbit is presented here, including the following three steps:1) Sensitivity Analysis of spacecraft. A new sensitivity analysis method, a ray method based on virtual outer wall, is presented here. Using rays to simulate the debris cloud can effectively address the component shadowing issues. 2) Component Vulnerability analysis of spacecraft. A function"Component functional reduction degree — Component physical damage degree"is provided here to clearly describe the component functional reduction. 3) System-level Survivability Assessment of spacecraft. A new method based on expert knowledge reasoning, instead of traditional artificial failure tree method, is presented here to greatly improve the efficiency and accuracy of calculation.     

Research and development on hypervelocity impact protection using Whipple shield: An overview

Whipple shield, a dual-wall system, as well as its improved structures, is widely applied to defend the hypervelocity impact of space debris (projectile). This paper reviews the studies about the mechanism and process of protection against hypervelocity impacts using Whipple shield. Ground-based experiment and numerical simulation for hypervelocity impact and protection are introduced briefly. Three steps of the Whipple shield protection are discussed in order, including the interaction between the projectile and bumper, the movement and diffusion of the debris cloud, and the interaction between the debris cloud and rear plate. Potential improvements of the protection performance focusing on these three steps are presented. Representative works in the last decade are mentioned specifically. Some prospects and suggestions for future studies are put forward.     

论我国环境法的完善

伴随时代的变迁、经济的发展,我国环境问题日益严重。环境法作为我国环境保护的重要依据虽然在环境保护过程中起到了相当的作用,但由于历史上对环境立法的重视不足及环境法相对现实情况的滞后,其不足之处也开始显现。从不同的角度审视现行环境法,结合当前我国经济社会发展的具体情况及环境保护的现状,在生态本位思想的指导之下提出了一些建议,希望能对我国环境法的完善起到一定的作用。     

当代社会剩余价值分配理论探析

传统的剩余价值分配理论认为,雇佣劳动者创造的全部剩余价值被资产阶级所独占,这符合资本主义发展初期的客观实际。伴随社会生产力的不断发展,当代社会剩余价值的分配发生了新的变化。雇佣劳动者创造的剩余价值不再被资本所有者所独占,而是以不同的方式被投入各种要素的不同所有者以不同的方式所拥有。     

非线性转子系统碰摩现象的动力学仿真

针对一类非线性转子系统 ,建立了碰摩模型。在此基础上 ,通过模型的动力学仿真分析 ,研究了非线性碰摩转子系统的同频、倍频、分频、拟周期和混沌振动及其出现特点。其中揭示的振动特征对转子系统的状态识别与诊断具有一定的意义     

各向异性矩形板平面应力问题一般解析解

采用复级数方法首次建立了线性偏微分方程组边值问题的一般解析解法,并用于求解各向异性矩形板平面应力问题,给出各向异性板平面应力问题一般解析解．引入（Ｕ,Ｖ）＝∑∞－∞（Ａ,Ｂ）ｅｉｍπζ,ｅｉｍπηｒ,代入控制方程组,推出实数型级数解,将其回代入平衡方程组中任一个,可确定待定系数（Ａ,Ｂ）之间关系．将一般解析解代入边界条件,用余弦级数的方法确定待求系数．数值计算验证了解析方法的收敛性．     

pH 值对碳钢在 3%NaCl 溶液中极化行为的影响

采用准稳态的极化方法研究了两种碳钢在不同ｐＨ值的３％ＮａＣｌ溶液中的极化行为,发现：碳钢在３％ＮａＣｌ溶液中发生钝化的临界ｐＨ值约为８．０;当ｐＨ＞８．０时,随着ｐＨ值的增大,致钝及维钝电流逐渐变小,点蚀电位逐渐变正．同时发现ＮＨ＋４对碳钢的极化行为有影响．     

系统的模糊可靠度、模糊故障率和模糊平均寿命之间的关系

讨论了系统的模糊可靠度、模糊故障率和模糊平均寿命之间的关系及串联、并联系统的模糊可靠度、模糊平均寿命与元件的模糊故障率、模糊平均寿命的关系。     

一类平面三次系统的鞍点量和可积条件

本文用一种新的方法,对不含二次项的平面三次系统,给出了其鞍点量公式,导出了该系统可积的充要条件,并指出了用不同计算方法所求得的鞍点量之间的关系。     

价值工程在引信方案论证中的应用

本文结合我国引信产品方案论证的实际,论述了应用价值工程原理,综合考虑引信战术性能、可靠性、安全性、寿命、费用等进行引信方案论证的方法、步骤和原则。