间歇法制合成氨原料气的分析

系统地分析了中型合成氨厂以焦炭为原料制取合成氨原料气的有效能损失与分布情况。从热力学角度剖析了节能的潜力,为工艺改造指出了方向。     

舰用燃气轮机起动失效分析

以舰用燃气轮机为对象,在简述燃气轮机起动过程的基础上,分析其起动失效的各种原因,提出解决的方法,为燃气轮机的操作及维护提供参考．     

Experimental and numerical investigations of interface properties of Ti6Al4V/CP-Ti/Copper composite plate prepared by explosive welding

Explosive welding technique is widely used in many industries. This technique is useful to weld different kinds of metal alloys that are not easily welded by any other welding methods. Interlayer plays an important role to improve the welding quality and control energy loss during the collision process. In this paper, the Ti6Al4V plate was welded with a copper plate in the presence of a commercially pure titanium interlayer. Microstructure details of welded composite plate were observed through optical and scanning electron microscope. Interlayer-base plate interface morphology showed a wavy structure with solid melted regions inside the vortices. Moreover, the energy dispersive spectroscopy analysis in the interlayer-base interface reveals that there are some identified regions of different kinds of chemical equilibrium phases of Cu–Ti, i.e. CuTi, Cu₂Ti, CuTi₂, Cu₄Ti, etc. To study the mechanical properties of composite plates, mechanical tests were conducted, including the tensile test, bending test, shear test and Vickers hardness test. Numerical simulation of explosive welding process was performed with coupled Smooth Particle Hydrodynamic method, Euler and Arbitrary Lagrangian-Eulerian method. The multi-physics process of explosive welding, including detonation, jetting and interface morphology, was observed with simulation. Moreover, simulated plastic strain, temperature and pressure profiles were analysed to understand the welding conditions. Simulated results show that the interlayer base plate interface was created due to the high plastic deformation and localized melting of the parent plates. At the collision point, both alloys behave like fluids, resulting in the formation of a wavy morphology with vortices, which is in good agreement with the experimental results.     

Dissimilar friction stir spot welding of AA2024-T3/AA7075-T6 aluminum alloys under different welding parameters and media

This paper studies the friction stir spot welding of AA2024-T3/AA7075-T6 Al alloys in the ambient and underwater environments by clarifying the nugget features,microstructure,fracture and mechanical properties of the joints.The results show that the water-cooling medium exhibits a significant heat absorption capacity in the AA2024-T3/AA7075-T6 welded joint.Nugget features such as stir zone width,circular imprints,average grain sizes,and angular inter-material hooking are reduced by the water-cooling effect in the joints.Narrower whitish(intercalated structures)bands are formed in the under-water joints while Mg2Si and Al2CuMg precipitates are formed in the ambient and the underwater welded joints respectively.An increase in tool rotational speed(600-1400 rpm)and plunge depth(0.1-0.5 mm)increases the tensile-shear force of the welded AA2024-T3/AA7075-T6 joints in both the ambient and underwater environments.The maximum tensile-shear forces of 5900 N and 6700 N were obtained in the ambient and the underwater welds respectively.     

Influence of magnetically constricted arc traverse speed (MCATS) on tensile properties and microstructural characteristics of welded Inconel 718 alloy sheets

The magnetically constricted arc technique was implemented to mitigate the heat input related metal-lurgical problems in Gas Tungsten Arc Welding (GTAW) of Inconel 718 alloy particularly Nb segregation and subsequent laves phase evolution in fusion zone. This paper reports the direct effect of magnetically constricted arc traverse speed (MCATS) on bead profile, tensile properties and microstructural evolution of Inconel 718 alloy sheets joined by Gas Tungsten Constricted Arc Welding (GTCAW) process. The mechanism amenable for the microstructural modification and corresponding influence on the tensile properties of joints is investigated both in qualitative and quantitative manner related to the mechanics of arc constriction and pulsing. It is correlated to the solidification conditions during welding. The relationship between MCATS and Arc Constriction Current (ACC) was derived. Its interaction effect on the magnetic arc constriction and joint performance was analysed. Results showed that the joints fabricated using CATS of 70 mm/min exhibited superior tensile properties (98.39% of base metal strength with 31.50% elongation). It is attributed to the grain refinement in fusion zone microstructure leading to the evolution of finer, discrete laves phase in interdendritic areas.     

污染物协同作用和拮抗作用的初步研究

通过对光化学烟雾和金属元素的研究,揭示协同作用和拮抗作用的本质和表现,从而引起人们对污染物联合作用的重视。     

基于磁记忆检测技术的即时报警功能设计与实现

根据金属磁记忆检测技术中缺陷判定依据的运算特点,为减少程序计算量、提高缺陷检测效率,改进了传统缺陷判定算法．在检测设备基本结构基础上增加了信号调理卡,并借助多功能采集卡的数字输出功能实现了缺陷检出时的即时报警,大幅提高了检测系统的工作效率．     

损伤铝合金表面超声焊接界面断口分析与结合机理

采用超声焊接铝合金箔材的工艺修复处理表面腐蚀受损的2A12CZ基体,并利用Quanta200型环境扫描电子显微镜分析了截面形貌及箔材与基体之间界面表面断口的微观形貌。结果表明：从截面来看,箔材与基体之间大部分发生了焊合,界面分界线大部分消失;从机械脱开的界面断口来看,其表面微观形貌表现为鳞片状及韧窝状的典型金属型断口形貌。这说明在给定条件下,焊接部位大部分呈冶金结合。最后对铝台金箔材与铝合金基体之间超声焊接机理进行了探讨。     

The Role of Storeroom Collections in the Identification of Battle Debris

Abstract

In connection with the work to find the Fulford battlesite, it is recognised that the techniques required to find the site of a conflict are different from those employed to confirm and research a battlesite. Access to museum storeroom collections allowed the surface fragments from the investigation to be interpreted and also revealed that iron was in all probability gathered together and reprocessed immediately after the battle. Thus, hearth debris is a potential pointer to locate other sites because the metal-working sites at Fulford coincided with the area of action of the battle suggested by other, independent avenues of research.     

组合金属橡胶隔振系统参数识别

对2块金属橡胶元件组合制备的隔振器进行静动态试验,指出组合隔振器的优点;利用双折线模型描述该非线性迟滞系统的记忆恢复力,并建立该系统的本构关系及参数识别方程;采用给记忆恢复力zs赋初值,再将用最小二乘法识别得到的参数作为初值构造误差函数,利用误差函数把一次刚度和记忆恢复力的参数识别问题转化为函数优化问题的方法,用小生境遗传算法进行优化识别;对该方法进行模拟仿真识别,并对某金属橡胶隔振器进行试验研究.仿真和试验均表明该方法根据系统输入-输出数据来直接识别系统的物理参数,简单可行且精度较高.